مجله آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار
سال سیزدهم شماره 1 (پاییز 1403)

Cultural understanding of societies is necessary to protect and utilize these ecosystems for a ‎sustainable benefit in the exploitation of cultural services. ‎In the mangrove forests of Khamir-‎Qeshm, cultural ‎services, especially tourism, play a very important role. Therefore, in this study, the ‎level of perception ‎of local communities and tourists was investigated regarding the biological ‎sensitivities and ‎cultural services of these forests. Data collection was conducted by a survey ‎method and ‎using questionnaires, interviews, and observation tools. The analysis of data and information was performed by a quantitative method, and descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used in SPSS software. The validity of the research was examined based on structural and formal methods, as well as its reliability using Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.9). The statistical population includes local communities and tourists, and the sample size was considered equal to 380 and 100 people, respectively. Sampling in this study was done by cluster method, taking into account the population share of each village for local communities and for tourists, in a systematic way, separating men and women. Comparing the average perception of local communities and tourists about the cultural services of the mangrove forests of Khamir-Qeshm demonstrated that the highest level of perception is related to the local communities due to their dependence on the mangrove forests in providing daily needs, and on the other hand, the sense of belonging to the place by living in the vicinity of these natural and valuable habitats. In addition, the cultural services dimensions examined in this study have a significant and direct relationship with the understanding of local communities and tourists, which indicates a significant difference between these dimensions. The direct or indirect results of cultural services dimensions also revealed that "sense of place and inspiration", "cultural diversity", and "social relations" dimensions have a positive and direct impact in both studied statistical populations. Accordingly, creating awareness and raising the stakeholders' understanding of the importance and biological sensitivities of these ecosystems can, while reducing the pressure on natural resources, improve their attitudes and tendencies toward preserving forest lands and provide more protection for these resources.

Environmental issues are increasingly important to manufacturing industries, and decision-makers are faced with increasing public sensitivity, strict environmental regulations, and growing stakeholder pressure, in addition to other fundamental issues, such as global warming and soil erosion. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of green organizational culture, green innovation strategy, and environmental regulations in predicting green performance and competitive advantage through green innovation in Milad Tile Company of Yazd. For this purpose, using a descriptive-survey research method and available sampling, 118 employees of this company were selected as the statistical sample of the research. The tools for data collection were standard questionnaires, and to measure the variable of green organizational culture, the standard questionnaire of Banerjee et al. (2003) and Fraj et al. (2011) was used; for the green innovation strategy variable, the standard questionnaire of Song and Yu (2018); for the environmental regulation variable, the standard questionnaire of Yang et al. (2017); for the green innovation variable, the standard questionnaires of Chen (2008), Chen et al. (2006), and Roper & Tapinos (2016); for the green performance variable, the standard questionnaire of Yu et al. (2017); and for the competitive advantage variable, the standard questionnaires of Chandler & Hanks (1994) and Zhou et al. (2009) were used. The hypotheses were tested using the structural equation modeling method. The research findings showed that green organizational culture and environmental regulations improve green innovation. Green organizational culture also improves green performance and competitive advantage. Additionally, the results showed that green innovation improves green performance, and that green organizational culture and environmental regulations improve green performance through the mediating variable of green innovation. Environmental regulations also improve competitive advantage through the mediating variable of green innovation. Finally, it was suggested that Milad Tile Company of Yazd should pay more attention to green innovation strategies in its overall strategy, and also that more focus should be placed on environmental considerations in the organizational culture of the company.

Scientific concepts are closely related to the category of environmental protection. Chemical solutions and related concepts are frequent topics in the field of environmental studies. Among the most basic activities carried out in most countries around the world in the area of waste and wastewater management is raising awareness and sensitivity from childhood. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of perception of elementary school students regarding the concept of chemical solutions to change destructive behaviors towards water resources. The current research project is a hybrid study. The research method is cumulative content analysis. The statistical population consists of elementary school children's paintings in the Bandar Kiasher region, from which 154 examples of students' paintings were purposefully selected, and the relevant concepts in the paintings were analyzed in a descriptive-interpretive manner. The tool for data collection included extracting relevant materials and sources, as well as selecting the required concepts from definitions related to the subject of chemical solutions in valid scientific texts. The basic question of the current research was: based on the concepts in the students' paintings, how do they understand the environmental concepts related to chemical solutions? According to the findings of this research, children pay the least attention and have the least understanding of environmental components related to the topic of solutions, including caution when dealing with harmful solutions, avoiding contact with unknown solutions, the effect of particle size on faster dissolution, and avoiding mixing detergents. As a result, considering the high mental and cognitive readiness of children for learning, there is an urgent need for effective environmental education during childhood.

This study aims to investigate the impact of the social responsibility of ports on the development of coastal cities. In terms of purpose, this study is applied research that has been conducted with a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach in terms of its nature and implementation. The statistical sample in the qualitative section includes 13 university experts and senior managers of the Ports and Maritime Organization, and the quantitative section includes 300 employees of the Ports and Maritime Organization. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data in the qualitative and quantitative sections, respectively. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by face validity, content validity, and convergent validity, and its reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability. To analyze the data in the qualitative part, the content analysis method was used, and in the quantitative part, the partial least squares technique was applied. Based on the results obtained in this study, it was found that the social responsibility of ports from four perspectives—improving the livelihood of coastal residents, tourism development, empowerment of local communities, and providing a platform for sustainable development—affects the development of coastal cities. Validation of the model obtained in a survey study showed that the proposed model has good validity. At the end of this article, in addition to discussing the research findings, practical guidelines are provided.

Today, it is accepted in the international community that environmental threats also endanger international peace and security. The United Nations, as the most important global organization responsible for international peace and security, has begun to draw up an internationalized criminal policy by approving binding documents, guidance documents, etc. In the realm of global criminal policy, one of the areas that can be studied scientifically is the role of "education" towards the environment. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, has reached the important result that the education of activists and legal system professionals in the field of the environment holds a higher position than education aimed only at raising awareness and instilling morality in societies. The green international criminal policy is a set of measures and actions taken by the United Nations as the most important international actor towards environmental protection. In the internationalized criminal policy, which can be categorized into two approaches—proactive and reactive—there is a need for training both citizens to manage preventive proactive criminal policy (using social prevention methods and green media tools, making environmental law lessons compulsory for all disciplines) and the judicial system to manage the reactive criminal system (employing green-trained officers, increasing the number of special officers, providing continuous specialized training for them, and maximizing the use of judges with postgraduate education in environmental law, energy law, etc.). Iran's legal system also faces serious challenges in some of these areas, which, by addressing these education-oriented challenges, can help to confront and combat anti-green criminals.

Ecological criticism examines the relationship between man and his environment; a relationship that has undergone transformations throughout history. One of the causes of such a transformation is the discourse of colonialism, which is prominent in the collection of stories "Gharibeha va Pesarak Bomi." In this research, we have analyzed the impact of colonial discourse on the environment in the collection of stories "Gharibeha va Pesarak Bomi" by Ahmed Mahmoud to take a small step toward raising awareness in dealing with the environment. Therefore, using a descriptive-analytical method with an interdisciplinary approach, and according to Foucault, in this collection of stories, instead of focusing on the sources of power, we have examined its consequences in order to investigate the destructive effects of colonial discourse on the natural and human environment. This vision is necessary for our human society, which has suffered from environmental crises, to become aware of the appropriate behavior toward the environment. The results of this research on the collection of stories "Gharibeha va Pesarak Bomi" indicate that the discourse of colonization has turned the environment into a subject subjugated to power and distanced it from its object. By moving nature away from its position as an object, it has caused pollution, which has led to problems for human life. In fact, man and the environment have been vehicles for exercising the power of colonial discourse, which is evident in categories such as air and water pollution, disturbance of ecological balance, lack of rainfall, cutting down of palm trees, soil erosion, separation of man from nature, loss of peace from people's lives, noise and visual pollution, poverty, unemployment, migration, creation of tension and conflicts between people, disregard for national and epic foundations, creation of class gaps, and reduced life expectancy. In short, society, economy, and ecology in this collection of stories, influenced by colonial discourse, have been ineffective measures for sustainable development because they have not moved in alignment with it; rather, they have been in opposition to it.

The main goal of the current research is to develop a model that explains the development of entrepreneurship in the field of renewable energy with a futures studies approach and presents themes as effective drivers in this matter. This study is practical in terms of its objective and, given its nature, falls into the category of mixed-method research, based on an exploratory design. In the qualitative part, inductive content analysis was used, and data was collected through purposeful sampling, environmental scanning, and semi-structured interviews with 12 experts in this field until theoretical saturation was reached. In the quantitative part, the ISM and MICMAC modeling methods were used, and a researcher-made questionnaire with purposeful sampling was given to 34 participants from the statistical population. In the qualitative section, 10 drivers for the development of entrepreneurship in the field of renewable energy were identified, and in the quantitative section, the layer-by-layer model resulting from the use of ISM and MICMAC techniques was displayed at 5 levels. The results show that vision design, appropriate policy, and improvement of laws and regulations as infrastructural drivers are the first step in the development of entrepreneurship in the field of renewable energy. The second step involves exploiting the potentials of each region. The third step focuses on raising awareness in society and education; the fourth step emphasizes improving infrastructural issues, support, and technology development. Finally, in the fifth step, entrepreneurial management enables the efficient and effective use of all activities mentioned in the previous steps.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the environmental effects of the Dian copper mine in Damghan. This research was a survey, and the research method is a descriptive-analytical mathematical model. For this purpose, all factors and components affecting the environment, including the atmosphere, which contains air quality and sound comfort; the biosphere, which contains ecology; the hydrosphere, which includes surface and groundwater; and the lithosphere, which contains land use, surface facilities, underground facilities, the landscape of the region, and the soil of the region, were examined and scored by experts. The environmental effects of mining were evaluated, and finally, using the Phillips mathematical model, the indicators of sustainable development of the mine in environmental components were quantified and analyzed. Since the value obtained for environmental components is greater than zero, the project has been evaluated as environmentally sustainable. However, the results of the environmental components indicate that the mine will damage the air quality, groundwater, and soil of the region. It is necessary to educate all strata of society on how to deal with environmental pollution by utilizing the potential of public participation and environmental non-governmental organizations, as well as through the design of environmental education curricula.

The purpose of this research is to design and validate a gamification program to improve sustainable behavior based on the community-based social marketing (CBSM) approach and to investigate its effectiveness on electricity consumption. First, the gamification program was designed to modify the electricity consumption behavior of household subscribers based on CBSM. According to the stage model of behavior change, behavior modification strategies were divided into four stages. Validation was done based on the opinions of ten experts. The second stage was a single-case study with an interrupted time series design. The statistical population consisted of household electricity subscribers in Tehran, and the sample included three families, selected in an available manner. Electricity consumption data were collected monthly. The baseline was from June 2016 to March 2021, the intervention from April 2021 to December 2021, and the follow-up from January 2022 to June 2023. The per capita electricity consumption of household electricity customers in Tehran during the same time periods was used as a control in the analysis. The effect size was calculated using the "mean baseline reduction" method. The overall analysis of time series data and the significance of changes were done using the interrupted time series analysis method and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model in SPSS 26 software. CVR and CVI indices were above 0.9, indicating the validity of the program. The calculation of the effect size showed a decrease in the consumption of families one and two after the start of the intervention, with most of the decrease occurring in the follow-up phase. The continuation of lower consumption in the follow-up period indicated the relative persistence of new habits. Family three and household electricity subscribers in Tehran showed a slight increase in consumption. In the visual analysis, only in the time series of family 1 was a decreasing trend observed after the implementation of the intervention. All time series exhibited a pattern of seasonal changes. These seasonal changes were controlled with the ARIMA model and the data of Tehran electricity subscribers. Based on the interrupted time series analysis, only the decrease in consumption of family 1, which was a high-consumption household, was significant (P<0.05). This family reduced consumption by about 50%. It can be said that the program is valid. Further study of its effectiveness is recommended, considering the limitations of this research, especially in high-consumption households that are in the pre-operation stage.

This research aims to provide a context-based teaching model in the elementary school science course with an emphasis on environmental conservation, which has been qualitatively implemented using a grounded theory approach. To collect information, a semi-structured interview was used, and Strauss and Corbin's method and paradigm model were applied for data analysis. Sampling was conducted using a theoretical method, based on 25 interviews with elementary school teachers in the Central Province. The results of the data obtained from the interviews during the process of open, axial, and selective coding led to the creation of grounded theory in the field of context-based education in the elementary school science course. To determine validity, subject experts and experts in the field of science education were consulted, and to assess reliability, retesting and intra-subject agreement were used, with a reliability value of 0.84. The proposed model in this research includes dimensions and effective components, obstacles and strategies, causal, contextual, and mediating conditions, as well as constituent elements that demonstrate the central phenomenon, consequences, and strategies. Based on the research, context-based education in science with an emphasis on the environment is multi-dimensional, influenced by a set of hardware and software factors. Therefore, if today’s context-based education in the elementary school science course is not equipped with these skills, environmental protection will not be achieved. The integration of these factors in the elementary science course can help in maintaining, increasing, and expanding students' environmental literacy.