فصلنامه آمایش جغرافیایی فضا
پیاپی 53 (پاییز 1403)

The proliferation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has profoundly shaped the information society and exerted a direct influence on regional economic growth and the development of knowledge-based economies. This study employs Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to conduct a comparative analysis of the effects of ICT on the growth of knowledge-based firms at the regional level, aiming to identify necessary and sufficient conditions. Eleven ICT indicators were used as conditions, and the number of knowledge-based firms served as the outcome.Findings indicate that adult literacy rates (15 years and above), fixed-line telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, and fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants demonstrated the highest consistency scores (0.98, 0.95, and 0.94, respectively) and exhibited the most substantial impact on the growth of knowledge-based firms. Consequently, access to telephone lines, broadband internet, and increased adult literacy levels are deemed as critical factors for fostering knowledge-based economies.

Nowadays, cities have become the main centers of human life and work. However, this transformation comes with numerous challenges in social, economic, environmental, and managerial domains, and the continuation of this process may lead to a decrease in the quality of life and, consequently, a reduction in urban sustainability. The present study aims to evaluate and assess the status of urban sustainability in terms of environmental quality from the perspective of the elderly in the neighborhoods of Region 4 of Rasht city. This research is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of the research consists of elderly people living in Region 4 of Rasht Municipality. The sample size in the aforementioned statistical population was estimated to be 400 people using Cochran's formula and with a high approximation. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, and its validity was confirmed through content validity, and its reliability was obtained as 0.79 using Cronbach's alpha method. Descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data. The results of the analysis indicate a significant difference in the level of sustainability among different neighborhoods, such that it can be said that sustainability in terms of environmental quality is only more desirable. Livability in terms of environmental quality in neighborhoods 1, 10, and 11 is more favorable than in other neighborhoods. A desirable sustainability level characterizes the study area's western and southwestern parts.The analysis of each dimension under study indicates that the best sustainability status in terms of environmental quality is attributed to the accessibility component.In contrast, the worst sustainability status is attributed to the pedestrian-oriented component.

Inefficient urban textures are part of the texture of cities that have stayed away from the economic life of the city because of the increase from exhaustion. In the last decade, we have seen an increase in Spatial -physical change in the cities and, after this, the inefficiency of the urban textures due to increasing urbanization. In order to tackle urban issues, planners have considered different solutions, with regeneration being the most widely accepted one. In this regard, the present research has been done with the aim of regeneration of inefficient urban textures and has tried to determine the current state of regeneration with a forward - looking approach in addition to presenting a new method for identifying inefficient urban textures and then determining possible perspectives in the regeneration of inefficient urban textures to get favorable policies. The study results have shown that the core of the city has historical textures that include neighborhoods such as Chahar bagh, Agha zaman, Chaharlan Qaleh, Ghatar chian, Mian Qaleh, and Sartpola. These areas were found to be the most inefficient part of the city and an example of unstable regeneration policies. The findings of Mic Mac show unfavorable conditions for the future of these areas, as bulldozer interventions have been carried out, destroying their texture identity without achieving the desired results for residents. It does not manage and control pollution, runoff, and sewage and does not completely provide security and comfort. As a result, we have witnessed the migration of residents and texture abandonment.

The assessment of the geomorphological characteristics of a territory through internal and external comparison, as well as their scientific and aesthetic value, is called geodiversity. Places that have high diversity will play an important role in the development of tourism and sustainable development of regions. The assessment of geodiversity is considered a fundamental step in the direction of geoconservation. In this regard, this research investigates the Lut basin's geodiversity. The current research is of applied type, which was done by descriptive and analytical method. For this purpose, the GmI method has been used. This index consists of the algebraic sum of five factors as geological diversity, drainage density diversity, roughness diversity, slope condition index diversity and landform classification diversity. The results show that the study area has a high value and position in terms of geomorphodiversity index in all indices. The old and new tectonic activities have created numerous landforms such as volcanic cones and basalt zones. On the other hand, the dominance of external processes in large parts of the basin has caused the formation of various landforms, such as the forms of wind erosion, yardang and sand dunes on a large scale. Thus, the region has a prominent position in terms of geodiversity and deserves the development of geotourism and geoconservation

In this research, the main goal is analyzing the concept of the right to the city in urban development plans. Qazvin, the case study of this research, is one of historical and medieval cities in Iran with 6 urban development plans including 4 master plans and 2 comprehensive ones. The data collection is done by document studies method. The method of content analysis using MAXQDA2020 is used in analysis part. The research findings show that, the spatial representation seeks to identify urban problems and take steps to solve them accordingly. In this respect, the most frequent topic in the development plans for Qazvin has been to intervene with the spatial organization of the city while respecting, although apparently, its identity. Unfortunately, however, this has been left largely unachieved because of ignoring the citizens and their right to the city. respecting the citizens and their needs and regarding the people’s lived experience paves the road toward formulating successful plans and hence a more sustainable city. Finally, a couple of recommendations are presented for improved implementation of urban development plans

The negative impacts of road accidents on socio-economic aspects of human life is a growing concern in the word. Thus, planning to have safe roads is a key factor to achieve sustainable road transportation systems. In this contribution, we aim to investigate the spatio-temporal patterns of accidents density and also the space-time pattern of accidents hot spot along Firoozkooh road which is a transit road, connecting capital to Mazandaran province. In this context, we implemented Kernel density estimation and hot spot analysis using GIS on road accident data from 2016 to 2022.. Results indicate that both accidents density and also accidents hot spot clusters change spatially and temporarily in this time period. Accidents density found to be most in 2022 following the low density rate in 2020 due to Corona pandemic lockdown. Dogol train station and after Abshar tunnel in Firoozkooh road were the most selected parts of the road in terms of accident density rate in 2016-2022. Also, Dogol terrain station and after Abshar tunnel were identified as accidents hot spot clusters with mean Z-score equal to 2.32 and confidence intervals of 90 to 90% in the period of 2016-2022. The road length in these accidents clusters is 10.979 km which contains 46% of accident in this time period. We recommend investigating the cause of accidents in high accident-density road sections and in accident clusters. With this, the safety of this road will be increased and as a result human life and economic activities will be secured

The construction industry is currently facing a multitude of challenges, primarily attributed to the inadequate implementation of urban plans and programs, leading to accelerated deterioration of infrastructure. Over the past three decades, urban development practices have largely been driven by implicit attitudes and personal perceptions of those involved, lacking a foundation in established intellectual models. This study, conducted with an applied focus, utilized a descriptive-analytical approach that encompassed both library research and on-site investigations, including a Delphi survey for expert input and evaluation. Experts have identified physical, legal, and environmental criteria as more significant than economic and societal factors in urban development assessments. The research findings indicate that the quality of urban life is perceived favorably based on the construction process, with areas ranked in the following order as 1, 2, 6, 4, 3, and 5. Notably, factors such as land use changes, economic valuation of land and buildings, and density sales regulations have been highlighted as key influencers on the quality of life in District 3 of Tehran Municipality. District 6 is identified as economically preferable, District 2 excels in social criteria, and District 1 leads in environmental considerations compared to other disticts. The transformation of District 3 into a more densely populated area due to increased construction activities has resulted in reduced per capita access to green spaces and essential services.

The current research is to investigate the effective drivers of developing a digital rural economy with an entrepreneurial approach. In terms of purpose, this study is applied research, and in terms of content, it is a descriptive-analytical one. Moreover, in terms of nature, it is based on the new methods of future studies, analytical and exploratory science, which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative models has been used. The development of rural digital economy aims to improve economic conditions and life in rural areas. Some of the drivers of this development include creating digital infrastructure, improving internet access, educating and empowering technology in the community, creating social networks and collaboration between residents, developing applications and digital platforms, launching technology start-ups and encouraging technology-based businesses, which actions will lead to increasing the labor force, creating work opportunities, economic development and increasing income in rural areas. The result of the research indicates that organizational factors, environmental factors, ecosystem evolution, technological and innovative factors, business status, and knowledge status, respectively, have won the first to fifth ranks for the realization and development of the rural digital economy

Understanding the behavioral tendencies of tourists is crucial for marketers and tourism planners. Insights into how tourists perceive a destination at various journey stages can significantly aid in making informed decisions. This study examines the influence of satisfaction, destination image, regret over purchasing a travel package, and perceived tourist safety on destination loyalty in Shiraz. The research is applied in nature and employs a descriptive-survey method for data collection. The study's statistical population comprises international tourists visiting Shiraz during the first three months of 2021, with a sample size of 412 individuals selected through convenience sampling. Data were gathered via a questionnaire, and its validity was confirmed using convergent and discriminant validity, and reliability was verified through Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Structural equation modeling using LISREL software was applied to test the hypotheses, and Levene's test was employed for group comparisons. The findings reveal that satisfaction and destination image are significantly related to regret over the travel package. However, the relationship between tourist safety and regret was not supported. Tourist safety and regret were found to influence destination loyalty significantly. Moreover, regret over the travel package mediated destination image and loyalty but did not mediate the relationship between tourist safety and loyalty. The results of the ANCOVA test indicated that gender does not affect the level of regret experienced by international tourists

Landslides are one of the natural phenomena that cause a lot of financial and human losses in the country every year. Therefore, identifying landslide-prone areas to use methods to prevent or deal with slope instability is very important to reduce their hazard and risk. Landslides have always been a serious threat to human habitation. The aim of this study is to use the fuzzy hierarchical process method for landslide risk zoning in Savadkuh through information layers and factors affecting landslides. In the present study, using the landslide points taken from the city, landslide zones were identified in the region. Factors such as altitude, slope, aspect, geology, soil layer, land-use, distance from the fault, and distance from the road and the river were studied as influential variables in landslides. In order to prepare the layers and classify each of them for each variable, the method of combining the landslide layer and the desired variable was used, and in fact, the same method was used to determine the fuzzy membership using the frequency ratio model. After calculating the frequency ratio and fuzzy membership of the classes, the fuzzy set operators, including addition, multiplication, and gamma of 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9, were used as methods to overlap the classified variables with the fuzzy membership values to Landslide zoning maps should be prepared in the study area. In order to select the optimal method from fuzzy overlap operators, two methods of quality summation (Qs) and precision method (P) were used to determine which operator or fuzzy method has better accuracy for landslide risk zoning in Savadkuh. The value of the quality summation index, which shows the comparison and evaluation of methods in comparison with each other, indicates that the 0.8 gamma fuzzy operator has the highest value of Qs among other fuzzy operators