نشریه پژوهش های اسلامی زن و خانواده
سال سوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 5، پاییز و زمستان 1400)

 Despite the emphasis of the Quran and its multiple and diverse use of the derivatives of "Hisn", this term and its related concepts have remained obscured in theory and practice. Consequently, exegetical books lack its theoretical effects, and jurisprudential books lack its practical effects, and the right of this identity-forming element has not been fulfilled. Except for a few jurisprudential rulings such as slander and stoning, no substantial content is found in other cases.In this research, by collecting the verses and using the semantic framework of Quranic vocabulary, which is a tool for decoding the meanings of Quranic words, an attempt has been made to understand the keyword "Hisn". According to this descriptive-analytical study, "Hisn" in the Quran has been used in the expression of the attributes of things and human attributes, and it means chastity in women and men, married women and free women. Among the effects of promoting this culture in society, one can refer to the strengthening of the family, the purity of the soul, a virtuous life, and the formation of identity as a free human being. This research also attempts to clarify the nature of "Hisn", which is a right in one respect and an obligation in another.

The issue of a divorced woman's residence after divorce and her resulting disorientation is one of the challenges faced by women during times of separation and estrangement. Having appropriate housing is one of her most important needs, which is significantly emphasized in the Holy Qur'an, especially during the iddah period following a revocable divorce. Providing this accommodation is recognized as one of her fundamental rights and is incumbent upon the husband. Since the Holy Qur'an is the cornerstone of Islamic legislation, this research aims to examine the approach of this the holy book as the most fundamental source for inferring rights concerning the residence status of a woman during the waiting period after a revocable divorce. To gain a deeper understanding of the issues faced by this group of women and to promote societal health while preventing negative consequences, this study seeks solutions to these problems from the perspective of the Holy Qur'an. For this purpose, this research identifies and examines the foundations, nature, and enforcement mechanisms of this type of residence based on the verses of the Holy Qur'an. This study employs a descriptive-analytical method and gathers library and documentary information. It concludes that the current common practices among couples during the waiting period (iddah) after a revocable divorce contradict the teachings of the Qur'an.

 In this discourse, the term "minor" refers to children who have not yet attained the age of legal accountability as defined by Sharia. It is entirely clear and evident that Shia jurists unanimously agree on the validity of applying legal provisions to the actions of minors, such as ownership at the time of acquisition. This study aims to examine the contentious issue of the application of legal obligations and criminal responsibilities prior to attaining puberty, along with its ramifications from the viewpoint of usuli scholars. Criminal law within any society is shaped by the ideology and worldview of its populace, alongside their definitions of society and the state. Due to fundamental theological divergences and the presence of various critiques and theories, the jurisprudence of political authority and penal law—particularly in the realm of minor's rights— assumes a non-religious and governmental dimension. This aspect of jurisprudence intersects more profoundly than other areas with the social and political lives of individuals. Thus, this domain can be characterized as a reflection of juristic ijtihad within civil law and governmental policy, which may be appropriately labeled governmental jurisprudence. Considering that an action devoid of divine wisdom is deemed reprehensible, the stipulations of law in governmental jurisprudence—especially regarding minors— It is based on rational infrastructures. These include the rule such as justice, ease, absence of hardship, avoidance of harm, prohibition of obligations beyond one’s capacity, The principle of proportionality between sentence and punishment, all functioning within the framework of the interaction between reason and divine law.

In Islam, the family is considered a sacred institution that serves as the fundamental cell of society. The foundation and essence of an ideal family, according to the Holy Qur'an, are based on love and compassion. Therefore, it is essential for family members, especially spouses, to make every effort to strengthen and maintain this valuable structure, ensuring its longevity, dynamism, and excellence. Given the significance and special status of consultation as a principle within the family, this research aims to clarify the role and benefits of consultation in enhancing the relationships among family members. This article is structured into four sections using a documentary and library research method and a descriptive-analytical approach. Initially, it outlines the ethical principles governing the family, followed by a discussion on the scope of consultation among various family members. The subsequent section addresses the benefits of implementing this principle in the family, and finally, it explores some of the reasons that hinder effective consultation. The findings of the research indicate that maintaining a successful family requires adherence to ethical principles such as respect, justice, and particularly consultation. The scope of this consultation encompasses all family members. The benefits of consultation within the family include fostering intimacy and trust, enhancing decision-making abilities, foresight, self-esteem, and ultimately achieving satisfaction and harmony among them. The primary reasons for ineffective consultations are role reversal, neglecting the personality traits and age-related needs of children, and the lack of clarity regarding the topic of consultation.

In Islam, the family is considered a sacred institution that serves as the fundamental cell of society. The foundation and essence of an ideal family, according to the Holy Qur'an, are based on love and compassion. Therefore, it is essential for family members, especially spouses, to make every effort to strengthen and maintain this valuable structure, ensuring its longevity, dynamism, and excellence. Given the significance and special status of consultation as a principle within the family, this research aims to clarify the role and benefits of consultation in enhancing the relationships among family members. This article is structured into four sections using a documentary and library research method and a descriptive-analytical approach. Initially, it outlines the ethical principles governing the family, followed by a discussion on the scope of consultation among various family members. The subsequent section addresses the benefits of implementing this principle in the family, and finally, it explores some of the reasons that hinder effective consultation. The findings of the research indicate that maintaining a successful family requires adherence to ethical principles such as respect, justice, and particularly consultation. The scope of this consultation encompasses all family members. The benefits of consultation within the family include fostering intimacy and trust, enhancing decision-making abilities, foresight, self-esteem, and ultimately achieving satisfaction and harmony among them. The primary reasons for ineffective consultations are role reversal, neglecting the personality traits and age-related needs of children, and the lack of clarity regarding the topic of consultation.

The ideological and intellectual differences among family members and the challenges that arise between them is an issue that contemporary society grapples with. These differences can either harm and create problems for the husband and wife, as the core of the family, or lead to ideological, intellectual, and cultural confrontations in the relationship between parents and children instead of fostering understanding, resulting in a rift within the family and sometimes complete separation. Based on the teachings of the "Surah Al-Insan", the main factors of intellectual unity among family members that lead to practical unity as well, are the type of attitude family members have towards the Creator of the universe and the concept of monotheism, as well as the extent of their monotheistic performance in their shared life. While the serious damage to today's families stems from the confrontation of ideas and the disintegration of families, this study, using a descriptive-analytical method, first explains the characteristics of a sublime and complete family according to the "Surah Al-Insan" which as presents a successful model of life. And then, it analyzes the causes of intellectual confrontation among family members that lead to family tensions, as well as the factors of intellectual unity that lead to practical unity in the family, centered on the "Surah Al-Insan".