نشریه دولت پژوهی ایران معاصر
سال دهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1403)

The present study aims to examine and analyze the reasons for the failure of political party activities in Iran during the years 1368 to 1392, with a focus on the political culture of elites and the interaction of structure/agency. In the model of democratic governance, political parties emerged from the acceptance of public elections and are regarded as the progeny of democracy, facilitating peaceful power transitions, elite rotation, and organized political participation of citizens. Therefore, they play a significant role in the political development of states. The emphasis of governance structures and the constitution on legal political participation and competition, alongside the instability and institutionalization of party activities, presents a multidimensional challenge that can seriously disrupt the rules of political games and, consequently, political stability, national security, and the nature of governance. Thus, it is essential to critically review and examine the complex and intertwined issues surrounding why the function of political parties in the Islamic Republic of Iran faced failure from 1368 to 1392. The research findings, using a descriptive-analytical method and utilizing library-documentary resources along with Giddens' structuration theory framework, indicate that various factors contribute to the failure of party mechanisms in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The political culture of elites, however, has proven to be a more influential factor. Political elites in Iran, unaware of the party's functions and the specific social context, influenced by temporary conditions and the pursuit of political power, established party organizations. Therefore, political parties not only lost their primary functions within the socio-political structure of society but also led to a lack of institutional trust at the level of political competition.

Unsustainable development and imbalance between water supply and demand and its exacerbation in climate change conditions are among the important issues in the country's water resources management. In this regard, the need to pay attention to the development of a program compatible with climate change in the water and agriculture sector, considering various environmental, social and economic dimensions, seems inevitable. Considering the wide range of potential effects of climate change and at the same time their inherent uncertainty, the adaptation plan should be developed in a way that has maximum flexibility and side effects. For this reason, the issue of claimatization of governance should be included in many programs and documents of the country and in the discourse of different governments of the Islamic Republic of Iran, regardless of their political orientations, because the nature of the impact and effects from the point of view of social and environmental issues, the side of climatization of governance has received little attention from different governments, and today it seems necessary to pay attention to this issue. Based on this, the present study investigates the opportunities and challenges of the climatization of governance in the discourse of different governments of the Islamic Republic of Iran with a descriptive-analytical method. Based on the findings of the research, in the section of the climatization challenges of governance in the Islamic Republic of Iran, it was found that the economic challenges have been assigned the highest rank. In the next order, placed political-security challenges, which is ranked second with a score of 0.812. The third rank of challenges is assigned to environmental challenges with a score of 0.730, and the lowest rank is assigned to social challenges with a score of 0.415.

Iran's nuclear program has been a topic of international idea since the early 1980s, and this has led to a wide-ranging conflict between Iran and world powers, primarily led by the United States. The significant presence of negative propaganda in Western media, reports from American think tanks, and statements from international organizations highlights the significance of Iran's nuclear capabilities for Western nations. Researchers and commentators have explored the issue of nuclear energy in Iran from various angles, yet one aspect that has received less attention is the exploration of the ideas and norms established in this domain. The artcle method is documentary research process and its theoretical framework emphasizes the approach of new institutionalism. This article aims to address the question of " why the Iran's nuclear file has remained controvertial for so long?" The research findings suggest that normative ideas play a significant role in shaping political behaviors and advancements. Once ideas become institutionalized, they steer political behavior in a specific direction. Therefore, it is possible to analyze the continuation of the nuclear conflict between Iran and the United States based on institutionalized normative assumptions.

The issue of unity in the Islamic world has been one of the most important concerns of Muslim political rulers since the beginning of Islamic history, which has gone astray due to the bellicose and militant approach of some leaders and has in practice set the stage for tense international relations in the Islamic world. Imam Khomeini (may God bless him and grant him peace) as one of the most important and influential popular leaders of the Islamic world, used for the first time the beautiful interpretation of Yad Wahdeh for the unity of Muslims. The main question of the current research is, on what basis is the unity of the Islamic world based on rationality realized in the thought of Imam Khomeini (may God have mercy on him)? The collection of data is through the review of numerous books and articles on the topic of unity, and with a qualitative method and a descriptive-analytical approach in the practical life of Imam Khomeini (may God bless him and grant him peace), the foundations of unity in his view are determined. . Based on this, the most important findings and components extracted from the thought of Imam Khomeini (may God have mercy on him) is the fight against oppression and the negation of arrogance without prejudice to ethnicity and nationality. In the rational view of Imam Khomeini (may God have mercy on him), the basis of unity It's not just about the countries being Muslim, it's about having aligned political relations in rejecting colonialism and defending the oppressed. On the other hand, the necessity of re-reading and rethinking the existing situation of Iran in the international relations of governments is important, because the rationality of the Islamic Revolution competes with the rationalities that benefit from the many-year-old heritage of the West. Modeling unity in one of the foundations of Western thought will not be fruitful except to fuel differences and create division.

The 2030 document is trying to use the capacities of different countries for comprehensive development. There have been challenges in the nature of this document and it seems that contrary to the initial claims, this document, within the framework of its recommendations, imposes values for the purpose of globalization of nations. This research aims to examine the nature of the 2030 document and answer the question "What is the cultural threat of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the process of international regimes under the 2030 document?" to answer The approach of this research is qualitative and with the help of library studies, the statistical community is trying to investigate the articles, books and conversations related to the 2030 document and through qualitative content analysis, the nature of the 2030 document in a systematic way. explain The findings of the research show that the 2030 document, by going through the stages of "compilation of optional indicators", "formation of norms", "formation of optional institutions", "composition of legally binding rules and principles" and finally "formation of the regime between By using the three drivers of power, knowledge and interests and by activating governmental and non-governmental actors, the "international" has limited the cultural sovereignty of countries, especially the Islamic Republic of Iran, especially in the field of education, and under the pretext of the fourth goal of the sustainable development document, as The most important goal with the title "toward quality, equal and inclusive lifelong education and learning" with the help of four methods "direct education", "indirect education", "influence on domestic and local organizations and institutions" and "flow" social constructions", interfere with cultural policies.

The role of media and narrative in shaping historical memory and collective identity in the explanatory theories of the Iranian Islamic Revolution has received little attention. Therefore, this study examines the process of narrative formation around the Islamic Revolution and utilizes a theoretical framework of narrative analysis to clarify the existing dynamics. The research question was: What has been the role of official media, unofficial media, political elites, events, and social-political contexts in constructing and disseminating the narrative of the Islamic Revolution? Through a descriptive-analytical methodology, which involved describing the historical context of the Islamic Revolution and analyzing its narrative components and implications, the results showed that despite the second Pahlavi dynasty being equipped with a wide range of official media (radio, television, newspapers, and books) for propaganda and the establishment of the Pahlavi narrative, it faced narrative failure due to ideological weakness and contradictions. In contrast, unofficial media (cassette tapes, leaflets, mosques, and pulpits) and political elites, led by Imam Khomeini (may he rest in peace), influenced public perceptions and attitudes as well as narrative construction, drawing from the cultural and religious fabric of Iranian society during and after the Islamic Revolution. In other words, the reciprocal influence of unofficial media and historical narratives has been crucial in shaping revolutionary events, demonstrating that narrative played a significant role in forming and promoting revolutionary discourse and providing identity during the Islamic Revolution.