فصلنامه دانش و پژوهش در روانشناسی کاربردی
پیاپی 97 (پاییز 1403)

The purpose of this study was to developing a training package for promoting Resilience and Evaluating its Effect on Resilience and Job Stress in Satellite Employees of IOTC. This research was conducted using mixed method. In the qualitative part to collect data used semi-structured need-based interviews with satellite staff and to analysis of data used inductive content analysis. The results of the first stage of qualitative part showed that individual, family, organizational and social factors are effective on the resilience of satellite employees and compiling the training package based on this factors. In the quantitative part, used semi-experimental method with pre-test, post-test and follow-up test of experimental and control groups.The statistical population included all satellite employees of IOTC. The sampling method in the qualitative part was theoretical (purposeful) and in the quantitative part was simple random that 30 satellite employees were randomly divided into two groups of 15 experimental and control. For data collection, 25-item Connor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaires (2003) with Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.994 and National Institute for Health and Safety job stress Questionnaires (1990) with Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.991 were used. The experimental group was trained in 9 sessions of 90 minutes by a psychologist in the presence of the researcher and the control group did not receive any training. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and multivariate analysis of covariance. Finding showed that due to implementation of the training package, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of resilience and job stress in the post-test and follow-up stage, which increased resilience and job stress scores in the experimental group, so it can be concluded that the training package was effective in promoting resilience and reducing job stress of satellite staff.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of role stressors on job outcomes in the auditing profession with the mediating effect of job burnout, psychological well-being, mental vitality and flexibility. In terms of the method, this study was descriptive-correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study included auditors working in audit firms. The period of research data collection was the first half of 2022. Sample size is 170 auditors. The required data was collected through a questionnaire. The current study includes 10 variables. Variables of role conflict and ambiguity, overload, job burnout, psychological well-Being, vitality, flexibility, job satisfaction, and desire to leave were measured respectively through the scales developed by (Rizzo, House & Lirtzman, 1970), (Beehr, Walsh, & Taber, 1976), (Maslach, 1982), (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, 1985), (Ryan & Frederick, 1997), (Rothausen, 1994), (McNichols, Stahl, & Manley, 1978), and (Chatman, 1991). Research data has been analyzed using structural equation modeling. The research findings show that role stressors (ambiguity, conflict and overload) have a positive and significant effect on job burnout (P>0.05). Job burnout also has a negative and significant effect on psychological well-being (P>0.05). Vitality and flexibility have a positive and significant effect on psychological well-being (P>0.05). In addition, psychological well-being has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and job performance (P>0.05), and a negative and significant effect on the turnover intentions (P>0.05). On the other hand, vitality and flexibility variables have no significant effect on job performance and desire to leave (P>0.05).

Choosing healthy human resources is one of the main tasks of recruitment tests, provided that the measurement tools are fairness in test.

This research is survey research and the statistical population was all the Recruitment candidates of Isfahan city. The sample size was 5997 people who were selected by one-step cluster method. The tools used was the MMPI-2. The fit of the Items with the model was confirmed using outfit MnSq and infit MnSq, and DIF according to gender was checked and compared with Rasch Model and Mantel-Haenszel by Winsteps version 3.64.

After fitting the data with Rasch model, DIF analysis was performed. The results showed that 38% of psychopathic deviate items and 22.9% of psychasthenia items were biased towards men. Mantel-Haenszel had a weaker performance than Rasch Model in some items.

Psychopathic deviate and psychasthenia and items have been to the bias of men and they have naturally obtained higher scores in these two scales. Also, due to the strength of the Rasch model compared to the CTT, it is better to use this model to detect biased items

The aim of this study was developing a questionnaire for diagnosis of ADHD in 6-12 years old male children of elementary school in Tabriz and to assess its validity, reliability, preparation of percentage norm and its prevalence. Research method was test-making. A total of 1091 elementary school male students in Tabriz were selected by multistage random sampling method and mothers of the same students answered the questionnaire. Diagnostic criteria for ADHD in DSM5 including inattention with nine symptoms and hyperactivity-impulsivity have also been identified jointly with nine symptoms. The results of exploratory factor analysis using Varimax independent rotation introduced two independent factors of mere hyperactivity and mere attention deficit, which explained 36.57% of the total variance of variables. Face, content and construct validity methods were used to assess the validity of the questionnaire and the results showed that both the dual factors and the whole questionnaire have desirable validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient in assessing the reliability of the dual factors of the questionnaire for mere hyperactivity and mere attention deficit was 0.82 and 0.74, respectively, and for the whole questionnaire (α=0.85). Percentage norms table designed for raw scores of subjects. Considering the desirable behavior assessment characteristics of the questionnaire, this instrument can be used for clinical and research applications.

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of treatment based on positive psychology and cognitive-behavioral therapy on internet addiction and social adjustment of second course male students in Yasouj city. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population included all male students of the second course of high schools in Yasouj city in the academic year of 2020-2021 (In total, 6,864 students). Among them 45 who were in addition to their inclusion criteria in the Internet Addiction Scale (Young, 1998) score was above and Social Adjustment Scale (Bell, 1961) score was down in a randomized design in three groups of 15 each Allocated. The experimental groups received Cognitive-Behavioral treatment and therapy based on positive psychology were treated in 10 sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that therapy based on positive psychology and cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective to decrease internet addiction (Effect Size=0/52) and increase social adjustment (Effect Size=0/39); (p<0.001). Comparison of treatment groups indicates the same effective of positive psychology and cognitive-behavioral therapy on internet addiction and social adjustment.

The aim of this study was to compared effectiveness of the model of preventing marital infidelity based on the approach of enriching marital life and the approach based on acceptance and commitment on the tendency to infidelity and marital adjustment. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test-follow-up and the control group. The statistical population of this study included all married women who referred to counseling centers in Miyaneh city in 1398. Using the available sampling method, 45 of them were selected and randomly divided into three groups of: approach of enriching marital life (n = 15), approach based on acceptance and commitment to tendency (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). Model infidelity prevention Ttraining was conducted in 15 sessions each 90 minutes and acceptance and commitment model training was performed in 12 sessions each 90 minutes, and the control group was placed on a waiting list. Data were collected using whitely betrayal, 2008 and Spanier marital adjustment, 1982 questionnaires. Mixed analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS software were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that the model of preventing marital infidelity based on the approach of enriching marital life and the approach based on acceptance and commitment have a effective and significant role in reducing infidelity and increasing marital adjustment. The model of preventing marital infidelity based on the approach of enriching marital life was significantly more effective in reducing the tendency to infidelity than the treatment based on acceptance and commitment(P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two methods in increasing compatibility(P >0.05). These findings can be used by experts in the field of marriage and family in premarital centers to prevent couples tending to infidelity, as well as to increase their ability to adapt and in medical centers to solve marital problems.

The aim of reaserch to determine of effect the commitment and acceptance therapy on health anxiety, emotional exhaustion and psychological flexibility of male doctors of Forensic Medicine Organization of Isfahan city. The research method was semi-experimental and its design was pre-test-post-test with a control group and a follow-up period of one month. The statistical population included all the men of the Forensic Medicine Organization of Isfahan, 220 people in the winter of 1400, who were randomly assigned to two groups (15 experimental people) and (15 control people) using the purposeful sampling method. The research tools included health anxiety questionnaire (Salkovskis, Varoek, 2002) emotional fatigue (chenet al, 2019), psychological flexibility (Dennis,Vander Wal, 2010). The experimental group was trained in commitment and acceptance therapy during 8 sessions of 90 minutes. While the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was done using mixed analysis of variance. The findings showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment has an effect on health anxiety (illness, disease consequences and general health concerns), emotional exhaustion (depersonalization and personal inadequacy) and psychological flexibility (components of alternatives, control and alternatives to human behavior). Has it. As a result, the results showed that according to the problems caused by the medical profession in the doctors of the medical organization, the treatment law is based on commitment and acceptance of a suitable treatment approach to improve the mental conditions of people in order to reduce the level of health anxiety, emotional fatigue and increase psychological flexibility.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Pattern of Structural equations of social competence with Cyber Bullying Based on Difficulty in Emotion Regulation in Students. The method of this study was correlation and its statistical population was all male students of the second year of high school in Ardabil province during the academic year of 2019-2020 (N= 21756). A total of 409 people were randomly selected for cluster sampling and answered the questions of the Experience of bullying-cyber victim (Antoniadou, Kokkinos & Markos, 2016), Social competence (Parandian, 2006) and Difficulty in regulating emotion (Bjureberg et al, 2015). For data analysis, Pattern of structural equations method was used with the help of SPSS 25 and 8.8 Lisrel software. The results showed that the direct effect of social competence on cyber bullying, the direct effect of social competence on difficulty in emotion regulation and the direct effect of difficulty in emotion regulation on cyber bullying were significant (p <0.05). Also in this study, the indirect effect of social competence on cyber bullying with a difficult mediating role in emotion regulation was also significant (p <0.05).

The present research aimed to investigate the effec of mindfulness and spiritual intelligence on academic dishonesty with mediation of academic self-concept in secondary school students. In this correlational study, All the secondary school students in Khorramabad city in academic year 2021-2022 that 300 people were selected as the stepwise cluster sampling method. In this study, Mindfulness (Baer et al., 2006), Spiritual Intelligence (Abdollahzadeh et al., 2009), Academic Dishonesty (Khamsan & Asghar Amiri, 2011) and Academic self-concept of (Yi-Hissn Chen) were used for data collection in this study. The proposed model was evaluated using a path analysis. The results showed that the direct paths, mindfulness whit academic self-concept, spiritual intelligence whit academic self-concept, spiritual intelligence whit academic dishonesty, and academic self-concept whit academic dishonesty, were significant (p≤0.05).  Also indirect pathways were significant mindfulness and spiritual intelligence with academic dishonesty with mediating role of academic self-concept and also, spiritual intelligence with academic dishonesty with mediating role of academic self-concept (p≤0.05). Based on the results of this study, the proposed model has a good fit and is an important step in identifying the factors affecting students' academic dishonesty.

The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between psychological well-being on marital intimacy. The research method was descriptive and its design was a correlational type. The study population in this study were all married employees working in children's medical hospital in the year 2020(whose number was 725) that 251 people were selected using the convenience sampling method and responded to the psychological Well-being questionnaire (Ryff, 2002), Marital intimacy questionnaire (Bagarozi, 2001) and Standardized questionnaire cognitive flexibility (Dennis and Vendral, 2010). The results of this study showed that psychological well-being can positively predict marital intimacy and cognitive flexibility (P=0.001). Also, the direct path from cognitive flexibility to marital intimacy is significant (P = 0.001). Thus, cognitive flexibility is able to positively predict marital intimacy. The indirect effect of psychological well-being on marital intimacy through cognitive flexibility was also confirmed. The psychological well-being and cognitive flexibility variables can simultaneously explain 48% of the variance of marital intimacy and psychological well-being can explain 19% of the variance of cognitive flexibility. In order to identify the factors affecting marital intimacy, in addition to enhancing psychological well-being, it is necessary to provide grounds for strengthening cognitive flexibility.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of some individual and organizational antecedents (extraversion, organizational justice, organizational commitment and job satisfaction) on cyberloafing with the moderating role of job self-efficacy. The research design was a descriptive correlation through structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population of the study included all employees of an industrial company in 2017, from which 224 people were selected as a sample using stratified random sampling. The tools used in this study included Cyberloafing (Lim, 2002), NEO Personality (Costa & McCrae, 1992), Organizational Justice (Colquitt, 2001), Organizational Commitment (Mowday et al., 1979), Job Satisfaction (Andrews & Withey, 1976), and Self-Efficacy (Sherer et al., 1982) Questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the final model, after eliminating the insignificant path of organizational commitment to cyberloafing, had a good fit. Also, the results showed that extraversion, organizational justice, and job satisfaction had a significant effect on cyberloafing (<p0.01). In addition, job self-efficacy moderated the effects of organizational justice and job satisfaction on cyberloafing (<p0.05).

This study aimed to determine the effect of positive training on impulsivity and self-compassion in substance-dependent men. This was a quasi-experimental study with a posttest-follow-up design of a control group. The sample size of 40 subjects was selected by purposeful sampling method from among 123 men addicted to drugs in Islamshahr and were targeted sampling method to two experimental (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. The participants completed the Dickman Impulsivity Scale (2008) and Self Compassion of Raes, Pommier, Neff & Van Gucht (2011) Questionnaire Questionnaire as the posttest, and follow-up. Meanwhile, the subjects in the experimental group received positive training during 14 sessions of 90 minutes. Data analysis was using analysis of covariance. The results showed that positive training effectively improved impulsivity and self-compassion in men's substance dependents, which continued in the follow-up stages (p<0/01). This study showed that positive training could be used as an appropriate method to improve impulsivity andself-compassion in drug-dependent men and thus reduce the harmful effects of addiction.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of compassion-focused treatment on anxiety and the meaning of life of the women applying for divorce in Tehran. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population included all married women applying for divorce referred to an intervention-in-crisis center under the supervision of the organization of well-being of Tehran in 2019 and the convenient sampling method was 15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group. The research instruments included the Anxiety Questionnaire Beck et al (Beck, 2017) and the Life Meaning Questionnaire Stecr (Stecr, 2010). The experimental group participated in 8 sessions, 90-minute of compassion therapy sessions and the control group did not receive any intervention. Finally, the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (analysis of multivariate and univariate covariance) and for this purpose, SPSS software version 25 was used. The results showed that in both variables of anxiety and meaning of life, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of women applying for divorce in the post-test stage in the experimental and control groups. As a result, using this treatment plan can help reduce anxiety and increase the meaning of life of women applying for divorce and the results of this study confirm the effectiveness of compassion therapy in reducing anxiety and increasing the meaning of life of women applying for divorce to be able to increase their quality of life in the divorce crisis and have a happier life.

The aim of the current research was to study the effectiveness of the home-school collaboration training program on academic performance and behavioral disorder in students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The study population included parents, teachers, and students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in schools in the 4th district of Tabriz in 2021, that 30 of them were selected by using the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The academic performance questionnaire of Dortaj (2005) and Rutter̓s Children Behaviour Questionnaire for teachers(1964) were used to collect the data. The home-school collaboration program was trained in nine sessions for parents and teachers. Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that there was a significant change in academic performance and behavioral disorder in the experimental group under the influence of a home-school collaboration training program(p<0/05). Due to the effectiveness of the home-school collaboration program training, the development and implementation of this program is recommended for other groups with disabilities, teachers and their parents.

The purpose of this study was investigating the effect of Executive Function Training (response inhibition, active memory, flexibility, and attention) on emotional behavioral problems in pre-school children with executive functions. The research design was quasi-experimental research with pre-test and post-test and control group. Statistical population also included all of pre-school children in 5-6 years old in Isfahan in 2016-2017. For doing research, 30 pre-school Childs with executive functions were selected by cluster random sampling and were assigned randomly in experimental and control group (15 people in each group), and experimental group trained by EFT program. In pre-test and post-test stage, emotional behavioral problems was measured by the Child Behavioral Scale (CBCL) of Ahnenbach (Achenbach, 1991). The data was analyzed by Covarianc analysis. Results showed that Executive Function Training (EFT) had a significant effects on emotional-behavioral problems on pre-school children (anxiety, depression, phisical complaint, social problems, thinking disorders, attention problems, aggressive behavior and law breaking behavior) (p<0.01).

This study was done to investigate the effect of research self-efficacy on academic cheating in graduate students with the mediation of academic locus of control and the research method has been descriptive and it is a correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all graduate students of Kermanshah universities (Razi, Azad, and Payam-Noor) in the first semester of the 2018-2019 academic years. Among the members of the community, a total of 384 people entered the study as samples and researched by the available sampling method. Salehi et al.'s (2011) research self-efficacy questionnaire, Aliverdi Nia et al.'s (2015) academic cheating questionnaire and trice's (1985) academic locus of control questionnaire were used to collect data. The structural equation model with the help of Amos 18 software was used to answer the research hypotheses. The research findings showed that internal academic locus of control does not play a mediating role in the effect of research self-efficacy on academic cheating, but the external academic locus of control as a mediating variable increases academic cheating. Based on the results of the research, it can be said that the requirement of graduate students to research can increase their academic cheating.

The aim of this study was to compare impulsivity, self-control and social desirability in patients with coronavirus and patients admitted to the surgical ward. The study method was a causal-comparative study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients admitted to Imam Hossein Hospital in Shahroud in 1399. Sampling method In this study, sampling was available; According to the statistical population, the sample size was 100 people (50 patients with covid-19) and (50 patients admitted to the surgical ward). The research instruments were impulsivity questionnaire, social utility questionnaire and restraint questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze statistical data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between patients with Quid 19 and patients admitted to the surgical ward in the characteristics of self-control (p = 0.003) and social desirability (p = 0.002). Also, there was no significant difference in the impulsivity between patients with Quid 19 and patients admitted to the surgical ward. Therefore, patients with coronavirus have lower social desirability and self-control than patients admitted to the surgical ward.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of emotional intelligence training on the psychological well-being of mothers. This study utilized a quasi-experimental research method with a single group pretest and posttest design.The statistical population included all mothers in Tehran, from which 21 mothers from educational regions one to five in Tehran who were selected with the available sampling method During the workshop sessions, the fifteen skills of emotional intelligence were taught by trained psychologists over seven weeks (one session for two hours per week). To evaluate the effectiveness of the training program, the Ryff's (1989) Scales of Psychological Well-Being was used and the subjects responded to this scale in pretest and posttest stages. SPSS software was used to analyze the data and the results obtained from the repeated measures analysis method showed participation in an emotional intelligence training workshops led to increasing positive relations with others (P=0/02), autonomy (P=0/03), personal growth (P=0/01) and psychological well-being of mothers (P=0/02). Nevertheless, data analysis failed to show a statistically significant difference in the reduction of mother's self-acceptance (P=0/11), environmental mastery and purpose in life (P=0/07). Findings of the present study showed that the emotional intelligence training workshop can be an effective intervention in increasing the psychological well-being of mothers.

Marital adjustment is an important factor in family strength. This study was conducted to determine the difference between tolerance of ambiguity and traumatic childhood experiences between compatible and incompatible couples in Tehran. The research method was causal-comparative and the statistical population of the study included all compatible and incompatible couples in Tehran that 30 couples from each group were selected by cluster sampling. Data collection tools included the Lock Wallace Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (LWMAT, 1959), McLean Type II Ambiguity Tolerance Questionnaire (McLean, 2009), and the early traumatic experiences (Boglas & Breimner, 2011). Descriptive statics tables as well as of independent two groups t-test and Multivariable Analyze of Variance (MANOVA) with SPSS software 24 version were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a significant difference between compatible and incompatible couples in tolerating ambiguity (p <0.05). Compatible couples had higher ambiguity tolerance than incompatible couples and in the case of childhood traumatic experiences, the score of the compatible couples group was lower than that of the incompatible couples (p <0.05). Finally, it can be concluded that low tolerance of ambiguity and high number of traumatic childhood experiences have an effect on aggravating couple incompatibility.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between Mathematical Self-Efficacy and Academic Motivation with emphasis on the role of gender in students. The research method was descriptive correlation. The statistical population included all undergraduate students of Islamic Azad Universities of Tehran province in the academic year 1398-1399. 300 participants were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Instruments included self-made Mathematical Self-efficacy Questionnaire and Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) (Vallerand et.al, 1992). The results showed that all four components of The self-made Questionnaire were positively correlated with the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation components in Vallerand Questionnaire and negatively correlated with Amotivation at the %1 level. The results of fisher test showed that gender significantly moderated the relationship between the components of Mathematical Self-Efficacy and Mathematical Self-Efficacy Stress and Extrinsic Academic Motivation. The type of academic discipline significantly modulated the link between the components of Mathematical Stress, General Mathematical Self-Efficacy, and Mathematical Anxiety with Extrinsic Academic Motivation