فصلنامه مطالعات روانشناختی
سال بیستم شماره 3 (پیاپی 76، پاییز 1403)

The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of narrative therapy and emotion-focused therapy on early maladaptive schemas, impulsivity, and depression among students with suicidal thoughts. The study employed a semi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach and a control group. The statistical population comprised all male high school students in District 14 of Tehran for the academic year 1402-1401. The sample was selected through cluster sampling, with 60 students randomly assigned to three groups (2 experimental groups, one control group, 20 peoples each), based on a cutoff point. The research instruments were included Young's Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory. Interventions were the narrative therapy and emotion-focused therapy (8 sessions of 90 mins, per week, each). The analysis of covariance results at the posttest stage indicated a significant difference of the meam scores between narrative therapy and emotion-focused therapy groups opposed to the control group. However, no significant difference was observed between the two interventions. Thus, both narrative therapy and emotion-focused therapy had a positive impact on reducing early maladaptive schemas, impulsivity, and depression among students with suicidal thoughts.

The present study was conducted in determining the effectiveness of sensorimotor rehabilitation with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on response inhibition and risk taking in gifted adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research was 12-18-year-old gifted boys with oppositional defiant disorder in Tehran in 2024, 30 of whom were selected as a sample size from the population by purposive sampling. For the experimental group, sensorimotor rehabilitation with tDCS, where anodic stimulation was placed on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and cathodal stimulation was placed on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Adolescent behavioral problems scale, Moon and Sun Stroop test, and Barrett's balloon riskiness were used. The data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance test. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the post-test of the two groups in response inhibition and risk-taking by controlling the effect of the pre-test. According to the results of this study, it can be claimed that this intervention leads improve response inhibition and risk-taking in gifted teenagers with oppositional defiant disorder.

The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between dark personality traits and cyber aggression through the mediation of showing off online in cyberspace in adolescents. The research design used descriptive correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population comprised all male students in the second year of middle school in Tabriz, Iran, in the academic year 2023-2024, of which 327 people were selected as a sample by random cluster sampling. The tools used in this research included the cyber aggression scale for adolescents by Alvarez Garcia et al., Chu and Farren's self-disclosure scale, and Jonason and Webster's dark personality traits. Pearson correlation method and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis. The results showed that dark personality traits have a direct and significant relationship with cyber aggression and Showing off online. Also, the results indicated that Showing off online in cyberspace plays a mediating role in the relationship between dark personality traits and cyber aggression. It is suggested that mental health professionals, through training and cognitive-behavioral interventions, inject new insight into the abilities and improve the self-esteem of adolescents who Show off online in cyberspace.

Individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder face challenges related to early maladaptive schemas, unhealthy lifestyles, and decreased mental well-being. This study aimed to investigate the effects of coping skills training on early maladaptive schemas, health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, and mental well-being in individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder. The research design was quasi-experimental, consisting of a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages with a control group. The statistical population included individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder visiting counseling centers and psychiatric clinics in Sanandaj in 2023. Thirty participants were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups,15 people each. Initially, a pre-test was conducted using questionnaires assessing early maladaptive schemas, health-promoting lifestyle, and mental well-being. The experimental group underwent 12 sessions of 90 minutes each (twice a week) of coping skills training. Post-tests, after intervention, and a follow-up were conducted one month later on both groups. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results indicated that coping skills training significantly reduced early maladaptive schemas and increased health-promoting lifestyle behaviors and mental well-being. It is recommended to apply these findings in counseling and psychotherapy centers for individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of loneliness and attachment styles in the relationship between internet addiction and the dark tetrad personality traits. The research was descriptive-correlational with path analysis. The statistical population of the research included the students of Tabriz University in the academic year 2023-2024, and by available sampling method, 395 people were selected. The research tools included dark tetrad personality traits, internet addiction, adult attachment style questionnaires and university of California Los Angeles loneliness scale. Path analysis method were used for data. The fit indices showed that the designed model has a good fit. The findings showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between dark personality traits and internet addiction. Also, the indirect effect of the dark traits of sadism and psychopathy through the feeling of loneliness and the indirect effect of Machiavellianism through insecure attachment anxiety on internet addiction was positive and significant. As a result, feelings of loneliness and attachment styles mediate the relationship between internet addiction and dark tetrad personality traits. The results of the present study can help therapists to design appropriate treatments and prevent internet addiction.

This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of forgiveness therapy on distress tolerance and perceived stress of mothers with visually impaired children. The current research was conducted with a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The total number of the statistical population was 90 people, 20 of the mothers were selected by convenience sampling method from schools for the blind in Isfahan city and were randomly replaced in a control group and an experimental group of 10 people. The experimental group participated in the forgiveness therapy program during 12 sessions of 60 minutes once a week, and the control group did not participate in this program. Research tools include the Perceived Stress Scale of Cohen, et al. and Distress Tolerance Scale of Simons & Gaher. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis of covariance. Findings showed that forgiveness therapy had a positive and significant effect on perceived stress and distress tolerance of participants. It is suggested that psychologists use forgiveness therapy as an effective intervention to improve the distress tolerance and perceived stress of parents with visually impaired children.

The study aimed to investigate the effect of non-violent communication program on parenting self-efficacy and psychological well-being in mothers of children with hearing impairment. This research was a semi-experimental by pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The total number of the statistical population was 49 people, 30 of the mothers were selected from the mainstreaming schools in Isfahan city using convenient sampling method and were randomly assigned in two experimental and control groups of 15 people. Dumka and et al. Parental Self Agency Measure and Ryff Psychological Well-being were used for assessment of all participants. The experimental group participated in the intervention in 8 sessions of 45 minutes and one sessions weekly. Then both groups were evaluated with the same scales. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis of covariance. The results indicated that the non-violent communication program had a significant and positive effect on parenting self-efficacy and psychological well-being in the experimental group. Since the intervention improved parenting self-efficacy and psychological well-being in mothers of children with hearing impairment, therefore planning for this intervention has an important role in improvement of the parenting self-efficacy and psychological well-being of mothers.

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment approach based on self-compassion on psychological well-being and flexibility. The research design was a semi-experimental pre-test and post-test type with a control group. Statistical population included 150 girls and boys in 13 to 18 ages from the Tunkabon, Tehran, and Qazvin cities, who entered the study by online invitation. Research sample included 15 in experimental group and 15 in control group that selected through the purposive sampling. Instruments encompassed Ryff psychological well-being and Bond and et al acceptance and action questionnaire-II for psychological flexibility that completed before and after intervention in pre-test and post-test. The intervention program acceptance and commitment therapy based self-compassion was implemented in eight online 90 minutes’ sessions and control group was also placed on the waiting list.  Multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance were used to analyze of data. The results showed that the approach of acceptance and commitment based on self-compassion has been significantly effective in increasing psychological well-being and psychological flexibility. Therefore, given these findings, this approach is appropriate intervention for psychological well-being and psychological flexibility in Adolescent’s life situations.