نشریه پژوهش های میان رشته ای زبان و ادبیات فارسی
سال سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 5، بهار و تابستان 1403)

Institutionalizing the culture of study and fostering literary creativity, as well as providing positive motivation through awards, not only contribute to socialization, knowledge enrichment, and the development of individual and social personality, but also play a crucial role in advancing the material and spiritual accomplishments of civilizations. The current research addressed key inquiries through a qualitative approach and the utilization of data-driven research methods (grounded theory) to explore the significant functions of literary awards within Iranian society. What are the primary benefits and drawbacks of hosting such awards? What strategies and remedies can be implemented to attain these accolades? To address these queries, an in-depth interview was conducted with over 30 individuals involved in the administration of literary awards or who have been recipients of such awards in previous cycles, as well as scholars specializing in critical and analytical literary works. In addition to documentary sources, the data collected was analyzed through open and axial coding, leading to theoretical saturation by the 10th interviewee. The findings revealed that deficiencies in policy formulation, planning, reliance or autonomy, and the consistency of award ceremonies and literary festivals significantly impact the institutionalization and effectiveness of these accolades. The primary functions of literary awards include enhancing the quantity and quality of creative outputs, expanding knowledge, fostering social interactions, creating platforms for discourse and critique, stimulating demand and accountability, raising awareness, and promoting a culture of reading. Trust in festivals and awards is a pivotal factor that can bolster their growth and influence,

Transactional Analysis (TA) Theory provides a comprehensive psychological model for examining interpersonal dynamics and personality structures, positing that individuals embody three core ego states: Parent, Adult, and Child. Each of these states encompasses specific behaviors, emotions, and cognitive processes, shaping individual and social interactions. In Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh, the character of Jamshid exemplifies significant personal transformations; he initially achieves remarkable societal advancements and cultural achievements, but afterward falls victim to pride and egocentrism. His life narrative thus embodies both inspiration and a cautionary tale on the hazards of unbridled ambition. This study aims to analyze the scope of Jamshid’s personality, along with his actions and reactions, within the framework of TA. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach, the research investigates which of the three primary TA-defined ego states most prominently influence Jamshid's behaviors, and the maladaptive traits and “contaminations” evident in his behavioral patterns were examined. Jamshid’s actions are largely driven by his dominant Adult and Parent ego states, with each showing distinct characteristics: his Parent state displays both constructive and destructive tendencies—his ego and self-centeredness foster fear, denigration, and societal destruction as manifestations of the Parent’s negative dimension. Conversely, the positive Parent state is reflected in his advancements in military technology, medical practices, and therapeutic interventions. Guided by his Adult state, Jamshid initiates social reforms, establishes social hierarchies, and systematizes social structure. This study further explores the contaminations and dysfunctions within these personality states, offering an in-depth analysis of Jamshid’s complex behavioral dimensions.

The Former Dialect of Shirāz is among a few New Iranian dialects of which considerable written texts are remained from 5th till 11th century A.H. Sa'diʼs Mosallasāt (7th century A.H.), a trilingual ghazal of Hafez (8th century A.H.), the Divān of Shams Pos-e Nāser (8th century A.H.) and the books Kān-e Malāhat and Se Goftār by Shāh Dā'i Shirāzi (9th century A.H.) and Bos'haq At'ema (9th century A.H.) are typical samples of this linguistic variety. The Former Dialect of Shirāz (called Shirāzi or Sherazi) has been changed in phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic levels in its evolution from Middle Shirāzi. The authors of this article try to compare the phonetic and phonological characteristics of this linguistic variant with Middle Persian as well as introducing the most important phonetic changes from Middle Persian to The Former Shirāzi and also the major phonetic processes of Shirāzi based on the works of Shāh Dā’i Shirāzi.

The study of typography in children's picture books serves as a crucial link between the fields of graphic design and children's literature. Given that children connect more effectively with visual language than with written language, the visual enhancement of text in children's books has become a prevalent strategy. Accordingly, the research scope is confined to picture books for age groups 'A' and 'B', with the target population encompassing Persian and English typographies that serve not only a decorative purpose but also as carriers of the text's meaning. The primary objective of this study is to investigate graphic devices that facilitate a conceptual connection with children by transitioning the meaning of words from a linguistic framework to a visual representation. The term 'device' is a concept articulated by Shklovsky, a prominent formalist theorist, to denote the formal techniques employed in literary and artistic expressions. In this context, this article employs a formalist approach to explore how the semantic functions of visual constructs operate within typographic expressions. The research methodology adopted is descriptive-analytical, employing a non-probabilistic purposive sampling technique.

Karen Horne (1885-1952) calls the way of raising children and its damages in a neurotic family with the three approaches of affection, isolation and ambition, fundamental anxiety. This study the causes of basic anxiety and the three neurotic strategies employed in the novel "Ziba Sedayam Kon" through a descriptive-analytical method, such as Ziba to the stepfather who exploits her, an addicted mother who doesnt adhere to life, and a belligerent father who Periodic insanity is hospitalized in an asylum, she is a normal type in front of his father, because sometimes she is loving and sometimes isolated, and her superiority is in line with her need to progress. Her parents and stepfather are ambitious characters who have become the cause of basic anxiety in Ziba’s life. Therefore, Ziba does not have a safe margin at home, but she and her father are under the influence of basic anxiety tactics to control neurotic crises against environmental tensions. As the father, mother, and stepfather maintain the safe conditions of the home and family environment, each in a way in all Situations is usurping and Ziba is facing a family neurotic crisis. Therefore, Ziba is a realistic and non-neurotic personality that controls basic anxiety, is flexible to environmental conditions and social status of people, and creates a balance between self, environment and three opposing defensive strategies to grow by relying on the real self and eliminating the ideal self. Slow down, be on a normal path and do not harm yourself or others.

Trust is amongst the important issues reflected in literary texts, especially Kelileh and Demneh. Accordingly, the present study aims at investigating this issue in the view of sociologists such as Giddens, Fukuyama, and Putnam using the documentary study method. Research findings show that the atmosphere of the society described in Kelileh and Demneh is a kind of atmosphere in which trust-building norms and values are not seen and trust is threatened by hazards such as the impermanence of worldly life, natural disasters, diseases, weakness of political institutions and the spread of moral abnormalities. Such threats have given prominence to rational trust in Kelileh and Demneh; it means that the individuals trust each other on the basis of the profit and loss computation, and trust is a relative issue such that it is neither the complete trust in friends nor pure distrust in enemies. Trust radius is confined to the network of friends and relatives. However, others can also enter these networks through examination. To this purpose, people's life history must be investigated and analyzed and their moral, social, and personality traits should be known. Therefore, the trusted and trustworthy people should be wise, skilled and committed scientists who not only surrender to the superior but also criticize in such a way to avoid offending others. Moral traits such as doing good to others, kindness, forgiveness, and not paying attention to slanderous talks of the others, play an important role in attracting the subordinates' trust in superiors, and traits such as truthfulness, trusteeship, self-control, secrecy and benevolence are effective in attracting the superiors' trust in subordinates.

People's view of death and its special rites and ceremonies in different cultures reveal many intellectual and cultural infrastructures of different peoples, which can be studied and analyzed from different perspectives. One of these viewpoints is the mythological analysis of various rituals related to death from the moment of death to burial and after burial in various cultures and ethnic groups. In this essay, the author has investigated and analyzed the mythology of four post-burial rituals in Kermanshah province using descriptive-analytical method as well asfield study. Since holding rituals among nomads and villagers is more serious than urban residents, the main focus in the interviews was on the nomads and tribes of Kermanshah, including the Sanjābi tribe. The studied rituals are: breaking a jar or pottery at dawn on the first day after burial, planting a tree, especially a cypress, on the grave of the deceased, asking for a good look from the deceased by offering sacrifice, and holding a Nū Ayd ceremony. The result of the research shows that the roots of these rituals are linked to mythological thoughts in ancient Iran. The ritual of breaking a jar or pottery is related to the magic of transferring evil and destruction, Planting a tree on a grave, in connection with the mythological thoughts about trees, is a ritual seeking a good look and concern for the deceased's emotions with the belief in forohers and its ceremonies, and the ritual of Nū Ayd is a repetition of the Zoroastrian Nowruz porseh.

Khayyam's personality has various scientific, philosophical and wise dimensions with special and attractive poetry. In order to understand his epistemological, ontological and social approaches, one should do a deeper analysis of the text of his quatrains and understand the poet's existential concerns.The perspective that looks at Khayyam in this research is the analysis of poetry therapy in his famous and universal quatrains. In recent decades,poetry therapy has been used to improve mood, reduce stress, increase awareness, and help people manage their emotions. The method of this research is the analysis of thematic content and the results of this analysis show that poetry therapy in Khayyam's quatrains takes place in two areas: the first is composing poetry for representation and sometimes providing solutions for concerns and anxieties. It is caused by the ontological ambiguities and amazement of the poet himself.The second is reading and hearing poems by the audience of his poems,which affects them a lot. Khayyam's quatrains provide an opportunity for people to think deeply, know themselves and the requirements of the world around them, and start an intellectual and inner journey. Khayyam wants to cause consciousness, motivation, the emergence of repressed and ignored powerful emotions and feelings through skillful narration about the transience of life, the expression of paradoxes, the existence of inevitable actions such as the dominance of fate and death. Finally, it should induce healing, personal growth and a deeper understanding of oneself and the world,which in general is very similar to cognitive-behavioral therapy in psychology.

Decision-making plays a pivotal role in individual life, and this issue has garnered special attention from scholars. Theories in the field of decision-making are based on assumptions that stem from differences in ontological and epistemological foundations. Therefore, it is important to examine such a significant issue as decision-making by referring to Iranian-Islamic texts. The main goal of this study is to explore the contextual components of decision-making based on the thought of Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi. In this research, themes, concepts and categories related to the contextual components of decision-making, based on the thought of Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, are identified through the study and analysis of Rumi's Masnavi Manavi. This study is exploratory and descriptive in nature and utilizes thematic analysis as its primary analytical method. In the descriptive coding stage, after continuous comparison of the data, 312 descriptive codes were presented. In the second stage (interpretive coding), a list of 43 interpretive codes was created. In the third stage, by bringing the categories closer together to explain the concepts, 11 overarching themes were expressed. The examination of contextual components affecting decision-making based on the thought of Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi can enrich the frameworks proposed in the field of decision-making.

Ellipsis is one of the basic concepts in the field of art aesthetics, which can be found in the foundation of various artistic creations, sometimes known and sometimes unknown. In literature, the term ellipsis and its aesthetic and semantic functions are known and common among literary activists, but in calligraphy, despite its great importance and many uses, like other calligraphic rhetorical techniques, it remains unsaid and unknown, and in treatises There is no mention of it. It seems that calligraphers drowning in the rules that mostly lead to the correct structuring of structures and the eloquence of formal texts, have made them neglect to pay attention to the rhetorical device of calligraphy. This interdisciplinary article in a descriptive-analytical way, for the first time by revealing this important point that calligraphy, like literature, has its own eloquence and rhetoric. And just as language structures, after passing through the two devices of "eloquence" and "rhetoric", enter the structure of literary works, calligraphy structures also enter the structure of calligraphy works through the same path. It has revealed the most hidden structural links of literature and calligraphy in the wide realm of ellipsis to the limit of permissible, figurative metaphors and other related literary foundations.

In the past few decades, following the extensive political and social changes as well as the change in society's attitude towards women's issues status, novelists have paid special attention to women's issues and reflected the society's attitude towards women's identity and rights in their works. The of women in contemporary Iranian literature is bold and different from classical literature; As a result, it is necessary to study the image of women in literature and society. Zoya Pirzad, Fariba Wafi and Sara Salarkia are talented writers of contemporary fiction in whose work women play a central role; Therefore, in this research, with a descriptive-analytical method, according to three authoritative best-selling novels of the 80s, whose main characters are women, to try to understand the issues and concerns of women in these novels as Representatives of that generation and how their experiences are represented. The female characterization of the novels is also examined from the perspective of content analysis. Findings show that women in these novels suffer from everyday problems, loneliness, lack of self-confidence, attention to the past, feelings of fear and insecurity, dissatisfaction with married life and the loss of their female identity. Finally, they voluntarily seek to solve the problems of individual and social life and stabilize their position. Also, the atmosphere of these novels, which represent the society of that decade, shows the manifestations of patriarchy, belief in the superiority of men, society's negative attitude towards women, weak status of women and a kind of restoration of female identity

Asceticism and contentment are important concepts in Islamic mysticism. The common denominator of these two concepts is a kind of austerity and depriving oneself of a specific object; In such a way that holy traveller, in the hope of obtaining another gift, abandons the use of the desired object that he has in his possession. A similar situation can be seen in Lacan's concept of symbolic castration. In this research, we have first examined the concept of asceticism and contentment based on the propositions of Islamic mystics and explained the concept of Lacanian symbolic castration. Then, using the qualitative analysis method and emphasizing Lacan's concept of symbolic castration, we have examined and evaluated the sign of asceticism and contentment in Sana'i's Hadiqa-ul-Haqiq and Hafez's sonnets. The results of the research show that asceticism has been identified in the view of Sana'i as a symbol that underlines the holy traveller's true desire in the subconscious field and suppresses his desire and instead fulfills The Other’s desire. The concept of contentment in the view of Sana'i is often the same as asceticism, and of course he tried to sublimate this signifier in several places. In the view of Hafez, asceticism is a sign that covers The Other’s lack, and debauchee tries to reveal the lack of this signifer. In the contentment signifier, instead of facing the suppression of desire, debauchee is faced with the desire to suppress, and after that, he experiences jouissance.