فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
سال سی‌ام شماره 4 (پیاپی 114، زمستان 1403)

Today, attracting international students, beyond its imported currency, is a determining factor in achieving the strategic aims of countries. In this sense, the internationalization of universities can be a route to Iran's ascension in the world power cycle. With this consideration, the current article has a comprehensive look at the issue of attracting and retaining international students. In this order, the first part of the research is devoted to the context and situation of Iran in attracting and retaining international students, by explanatory and interpretative methods. By considering current problems and challenges facing this issue, along with the pathology of the existing situation, it has been explained and the material and immaterial prerequisites and requirements of attracting and retaining international students at macro and micro levels, in the second part, in such a manner that it has been prescribed necessary structures and infrastructures of attracting and retaining international students in material, immaterial and legal aspects. Finally, by considering the mentioned situation, challenges, prerequisites, and requirements, some strategies have been presented for attracting and retaining international students at both macro and micro levels, by inference from the content of the research. Adopting appropriate policy-making related to preparing the mentioned prerequisites and requirements can be a problem solver, at both fundamental and functional levels. Also, it can improve the situation and procedure of attracting and educating international students, quantitatively and qualitatively, by preserving and promoting the international credit of Iranian universities. The approach of this article is critical, in the analysis of existing situations, and is creative in strategizing.

The Global Knowledge Index report indicates that Iran's ranking in certain indicators, such as higher education system inputs, knowledge capital, and research output, is relatively average. However, its ranking in outputs, particularly the ultimate impact of research, is among the lowest globally. The aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing the effectiveness of policy research in the decision-making and policy-making processes of science and higher education. A quantitative survey method was employed to test the hypotheses. A proportionate random sample was selected from faculty members and researchers in six policy research institutions in the field of science, research, and technology. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Bartlett's sphericity tests were conducted, followed by factor analysis with varimax rotation, structural equation modeling, and importance-performance map analysis. All but the second hypothesis were confirmed. The researchers' status, in terms of "emigration, marginalization, or active residence," was related to the "structure and behavior of the government in the field of science, the independence of the academic institution, and the freedom of researchers, as well as decentralization and de-politicization." Three categories of interventions—"1. managerial and organizational, 2. interactive, and 3. researcher-driven interventions"—influenced their research strategies and tactics. These strategies and tactics, in turn, affected the "effectiveness of research both in public policy-making for the government and in the discursive and social impacts of science." Significant differences were observed between men and women in terms of whether these interventions were "interactive" or involved "knowledge re-creation" and a "critical and socially responsive approach." Some generational differences were also observed in the effectiveness of research. Researchers whose strategies primarily involved interaction with the scientific community differed significantly in terms of effectiveness from those who interacted with a larger society. Various policy recommendations were provided.

This research has tried to verify the necessity and how to establish a student parliament by emphasizing the link between student organizations and social participation. The current damage of student organizations has hindered the growth and expansion of social participation in the university and consequently in the society. The basic question of the article is that what are the existing harms of student organizations and with what indicators and features can the student parliament be implemented? According to the theory and method of institutionalism, the harms of student organizations include failure to provide a suitable model for practicing social participation, weakness in extra-organizational communication, lack of synergism of information and preferences, lack of institutionalization in line with collective participation, disruption of the mission of organizations, inadequacy of regulations in promoting collective awareness. And it is inefficiency in systematic participation and providing collective goals. The way out of this situation is to create a student parliament in the university. Various organizations will gather in it and it is a suitable platform for the growth and expansion of social participation in the university and consequently in the society. In the student parliament, students with different orientations and origins come together to establish communication and solidarity among students, as well as between students and university officials. The student parliament provides a forum where student representatives are divided into specialized commissions and make proposals, discuss and exchange opinions on important issues. Therefore, the student parliament can be an effective institution for pursuing student interests.

The regulations for the promotion of faculty members are one of the important drivers in the field of education and research in higher education and one of the important drivers in the direction of science, technology and innovation policies in the country. Therefore, any change in this regulation can affect the path of science, technology and innovation in the country and bring important consequences even in political and social fields. Therefore, this study seeks to answer the question of what features and specifications should the revised and updated version of the promotion regulation have? To suit the needs of different stakeholders and to be more responsive and effective?

This research is qualitative and thematic analysis. The method of collecting data and information included interviews, library studies and comparative studies. Also, while interviewing academic experts and experts in the field of study, efforts have been made to collect and analyze supplementary data. These interviews were purposefully conducted with 20 academic experts and experts (with snowball sampling method) in the field of the subject.

In the qualitative part of the research, 37 codes and 5 main themes were identified and prioritized in the qualitative part of the research with the open and central coding of the data obtained from the interview and the expert panel.

In open coding, 37 primary codes were extracted from interviews with experts, and finally, this network of themes were categorized into 5 main themes. According to the experts, the priority of these topics for examining "the effect of the regulation on the promotion of academic faculty members on the future of higher education in the country" are: society's expectations from the university, academic faculty members' satisfaction with the implementation of the regulations, the compatibility of the regulations with the macro trends, the effectiveness of the regulations From the emerging technologies, the analysis of interdisciplinary researches (the lagging of regulations from the 3rd and 4th generation universities).

This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the obstacles of efficiency and effectiveness of theses and dissertations in the field of higher education in solving the higher education issues and responding to the national needs, and also providing solutions to remove those obstacles. This applied research used the qualitative method of content analysis and the Delphi technique. The data collection tools were interviews and questionnaires obtained from the content analysis of the interviews. The participants were experts in the field of higher education, including academic staff members and higher education managers, and graduates of higher education fields. In the Delphi section, after completing 3 rounds, a consensus was reached regarding the obstacles, as well as the solutions for the efficiency and effectiveness of graduate theses and dissertations in the field of higher education in solving the higher education issues and responding to the national needs. SPSS software was used for data analysis. The results indicate that the existing obstacles for the effectiveness and efficiency of theses and dissertations in the fields of higher education and their solutions are divided into 6 categories. The first category is related to the student and the preparation of theses and dissertations (researcher). The second category is related to the supervisor, advisor, and referee (they are the guiding and monitoring team of the research). The third category is related to the (educational and research) department, faculty and university. In the fourth category, the obstacles and solutions related to the higher education system (extra-academic factors) and in the fifth category, there are factors outside the institution of higher education. Finally, in the sixth category there are obstacles and solutions related to dissertations and theses. Based on the results of the research, among the best solutions for the effectiveness and efficiency of the results of theses and dissertations, includes: strengthening the research capabilities of students and their ethical education, monitoring the completion of reforms requested by referees, and supervisors' and advisors' awareness to the issues and needs of higher education.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the components of positive leadership for department heads. By use of qualitative approach, purposeful and snowball sampling method was used to select people for research interviews. Interviews reached to saturation by 15 samples. Interviews were classified by use of three phases of qualitative coding system, namely open, axial and selective coding. Samples were selected from among the faculty members of Kharazmi University, Tehran University, Allameh Tabatabai University, Farhangian University, Higher Education Research and Planning Institute. The research showed 131 open components for positive leadership of department heads. It can be classified into, 3 selective dimensions, and, 12 core dimensions that include personality characteristics (individual characteristics, social characteristics), professional ethics (research ethics, educational ethics, managerial ethics), leadership and management skills (transformational, politician, improving quality and increasing efficiency, human resource management, communication skills, teamwork, international relations and marketing).

In today's complex environments, organizations are forced to learn and pay attention to knowledge sharing in order to increase productivity in their environment. Organizational culture is one of the important tools for creating a context for strengthening the positive attitude of employees, in order to continuously share knowledge and organizational learning. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of organizational culture on social capital with the mediating role of knowledge management among the employees of Dezful university of Medical Sciences in 2021-2022 with a quantitative approach. The design of the current research is correlation through structural equation modeling, which is a multivariate correlation method. The statistical population of the research includes all employees of Dezful university of medical sciences, of which 240 people were selected as a sample through multi-stage cluster sampling. Research tools included Sashakin's organizational culture questionnaire, Van den Hooff & Van Weenen's knowledge management questionnaire and Nahapiet & Ghoshal's social capital questionnaire. Evaluation of the proposed model was done through structural equation modeling and using SPSS and AMOS version 18 software. The results indicated the direct effect of organizational culture on knowledge management and social capital, the direct effect of knowledge management on social capital and the indirect effect of organizational culture on social capital through knowledge management.