فهرست مطالب

Epigenetics - Volume:5 Issue: 2, Autumn 2024

Journal of Epigenetics
Volume:5 Issue: 2, Autumn 2024

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1403/09/01
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • صفحات 1-7
    سارگاسوم جلبک قهوه ای است که در نواحی ساحلی آب های گرم دنیا قرار دارد. در ایران این جلبک در سواحل دریای عمان و خلیج فارس یافت می شود. اطلاعات کمی از این جلبک به دلیل تنوع ژنتیکی این جلبک موجود است. در این مطالعه، شانزده جمعیت از پنج گونه سارگاسوم با باندهای ISSR مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. این جمعیت ها از سال 1391 تا 1397 در 2 فصل (پاییز و زمستان) از پنج منطقه سواحل خلیج فارس جمع آوری شدند. روش های خوشه بندی و تجزیه به مولفه های اصلی برای آنالیز مولکولی انجام شد. همچنین پارامترهای تنوع ژنتیکی در هر جمعیت تعیین شد. در روش خوشه بندی و تجزیه به مولفه های اصلی، جمعیتهای مورد مطالعه را به خوشه های مجزا جدا کرد. همچنین، این تجزیه و تحلیل ها رده بندی جنس به بخش های مختلف را تایید کرد. ضرایب تنوع برای اکثر جمعیت ها بالا بود. بیشترین میزان تنوع مربوط به S. swatzii بود. همچنین باند های اختصاصی در این گونه مشاهده شد.تفاوت های ژنتیکی قابل توجهی بین جمعیت ها و درجاتی از تبادل ژن بین جمعیت های مورد مطالعه دیده شد. بر اساس آزمون مانتل، فاصله جغرافیایی روی تنوع ژنتیکی جمعیت های مورد مطالعه تاثیر دارد. آزمون AMOVA نشان داد که 85 درصد از کل تغییرات به تفاوت بین جمعیت ها مرتبط بود. در حالی که 15 درصد تنوع کل به دلیل تنوع درون جمعیت ها می باشد.
    کلیدواژگان: سارگاسوم، خلیج فارس، تنوع ژنتیکی، باندهای ISSR، خوشه بندی، تجزیه به مولفه های اصلی، آزمون مانتل
  • مرضیه بیک زاده، مهدیه سلیمی* صفحات 16-23
    سرطان پستان مهم ترین عامل مرگ و میر سرطان در زنان است. یافت نشانگرهای مرتبط با مدیریت سرطان ممکن است استراتژی های مدیریت سرطان، نتایج بیماران و کیفیت زندگی را بهبود بخشد. اخیرا بیان RNA حلقوی (circRNA) توجه زیادی را در مدیریت سرطان به خود جلب کرده است. CircRNAها دارای ساختار حلقه بسته کووالانتی هستند که آنها را در مقابل تجزیه توسط اگزونوکلئاز مقاوم می کند و از همتای خطی خود پایدارتر می سازد. در این مطالعه hsa_circ_0004214 به عنوان یک circRNA مشتق شده از ژن angiomotin واقع بر کروموزوم 11 به عنوان یک کاندید زیست نشانگر پیش اکهی در سرطان پستان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. سطح بیان hsa_circ_0004214 در 40 بافت سرطان پستان ازنوع داکتال کارسینوما و نمونه های خون کامل این بیماران در مقایسه با گروه کنترل نرمال با بهره گیری از تکنیک Real-Time PCR به انضمام رنگ سایبرگرین مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ارتباط بین سطوح بیان این circRNA و ویژگی های بالینی بیماران ارزیابی شد. یافته ها نشان داد که بیان hsa_circ_0004214 در بیماران با شرایط سه گانه منفی (فاقد گیرنده های استروژن، پروژسترون و HER2 (و همچنین در مراحل بالاتر بیماری افزایش یافته است (P< 0.05) . نتایج این تحقیق مبین ان است که افزایش بیان hsa_circ_0004214 ممکن است به عنوان یک کاندید زیست نشانگر احتمالی برای پیش اگهی شرایط وخیم سرطان پستان با رویکرد کاربرد بالینی مطرح شود. مطالعات بیشتر جهت تایید ارزش زیست نشانگری hsa_circ_0004214 و اهمیت ان در مدیریت سرطان پستان ضروری است.
    کلیدواژگان: نئوپلاسم، RNA حلقوی، اپی ژنتیک، بیومارکر، زیست نشانگر، سرطان پستان
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  • Fatemeh Sargazi * Pages 1-7
    Sargassum is a brown alga in the coasts of warm waters of the world. In Iran this alga found in the coasts of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. A little information is available from molecular variation of this genus because the genetic variability of this alga. In this study, sixteen populations of five species of Sargassum were analyzed with ISSR bands. These populations were collected from five localities of the Persian Gulf coasts in 2 seasons (autumn and winter) from 2018 to 2022. We performed clustering and ordination methods for molecular analysis. Also, genetic diversity parameters were measured for all populations. In UPGMA and PCOA analysis, the populations of different species separated into distinct clusters. Also, these analyses confirmed the classification of genus to sections. Coefficients of diversity were high for the most populations. The highest amount of diversity was seen in S. swatzii. Furthermore, specific bands were seen in this species.Significant genetic differences and some degree of gene exchange were seen among the studied populations. According to the Mantel test, the genetic diversity of the studied populations is related to geographical distance. In AMOVA test, 85% of total variation is attributed to among population differences. While 15% of total variation is related to within population variation.
    Keywords: Sargassum, Persian Gulf, Genetic Variability, ISSR Bands, UPGMA, PCOA, Mantel Test
  • Sharmin Akter *, Abdullah Al Sad, Md. Khademul Islam, Saima Effath Rahman Mim Pages 8-15
    Knowledge of blood grouping is very important, especially for safer blood transfusions. The blood group and Rh factor of an individual is determined by the presence or absence of different antigens and Rh factor on the surface of the RBC, respectively. It can be determined in many ways, and we used the slide-method. The primary focus of this study was to find out the gene, allele, and phenotypic frequencies of the ABO blood group and Rh factor among the population of Sylhet. A total of 908 samples were collected, of which 180 were female and 728 were male. Blood group O was the most frequent (36.9%), followed by B (30.0%), A (24.9%), and AB (8.3%) group. In both genders, blood group frequency follows the same order (O>B>A>AB) but with a different percentage. In the current study, Rh+ve was dominant (95.5%) over Rh-ve. Additionally, in the case of blood group and Rh factor combination, this study found an order of O+ve > B+ve > A+ve > AB+ve > B-ve > A-ve > O-ve > AB-ve. The Hardy-Weinberg law was used to find out the allele and gene frequency. The most frequent allele was r[O] (0.60439), while the least frequent was p[A]. In case of gene frequency, heterozygous genes (AO, BO, AB) showed a higher frequency than homozygous genes, and among homozygous, O gene showed the highest frequency compared to others (AA, BB). This is the first-ever study found in Sylhet region within the mass population to find out the gene and allele frequency along with blood group and Rh factor. Though the result of our study differs from most of the studies found in Bangladesh and South-East Asian region, these results can be useful to study population genetics and form a safer and more reliable organ, tissue, and blood donation database.
    Keywords: Phenotypic, Gene-Frequency, Allele-Frequency, Heterozygous, Homozygous
  • Marzieh Beikzadeh, Mahdieh Salimi * Pages 16-23
    Breast cancer is the most important cause of cancer-related death among women. Finding cancer management biomarkers may improve cancer management strategies, patient outcomes, and quality of life. Recently circular RNA (circRNA) expression has attracted huge attention in cancer management. CircRNAs have a covalently closed loop structure that makes them resistant to exonuclease degradation and make them more stable than their linear counterparts. This study investigates the potential of hsa_circ_0004214 as a circRNA derived from the angiomotin gene on chromosome 11, as a candidate possible prognostic biomarker. SYBR Green real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to assess the expression level of hsa_circ_0004214 in 40 breast ductal carcinoma tumors and whole blood samples from breast cancer patients, compared to the match control samples. The association between the expression levels of this circRNA and the clinical characteristics of breast cancer patients was assessed. The findings indicate that hsa_circ_0004214 expression elevated in triple-negative cases and at higher stages of the disease (P< 0.05). The hsa_circ_0004214 may proposed as a potential biomarker for breast cancer prognosis, with its elevated expression in advanced breast cancer situations proposing its utility in clinical settings. Further research is warranted to establish its prognostic value and potential implications in breast cancer management.
    Keywords: Neoplasia, Circrna, Biomarker, Breast Cancer
  • Saeedeh Yaghoubi, Seyed Hosein Soleimanzadeh Mousavi, Simin Sadeghi Bojd * Pages 24-28
    Background
    Fever is a common complaint among pediatric patients, often leading to hospital visits. Urinary tract infections (UTIs), which can be detected by the presence of pyuria, are a frequent cause of fever in children. This study aims to investigate the association between fever and pyuria in hospitalized children.
    Methods
    This case-control study included 202 children aged 12 to 144 months, hospitalized at Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital. The children were divided into two groups: 101 with fever and 101 without. The study analyzed data from medical records and laboratory results, using statistical tools to determine the association between fever and pyuria. Data were collected from medical records and laboratory results, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.
    Results
    Among the 202 children aged between 12 to 144 months, 101 had fever and 101 did not. There was no significant difference in the incidence of pyuria between the febrile and afebrile groups. The results showed no significant difference in the incidence of pyuria between febrile and afebrile children. Specifically, 5.8% of the febrile group and 3.9% of the non-febrile group exhibited pyuria, a difference that was not statistically significant (p=1.000). Further, the correlation coefficient between fever and pyuria was -0.010 (p=0.914), indicating no significant correlation.
    Conclusion
    the study found no significant association between fever and pyuria in hospitalized children, underscoring the importance of considering other diagnostic factors beyond pyuria when evaluating febrile pediatric patients. This approach can help improve the accuracy of UTI diagnoses and optimize patient care.
    Keywords: Fever, Pyuria, Children, Urinary Tract Infection, Pediatrics
  • Yadollah Badakhshan *, Zahrai Roudbari, Manuchehr Yousefi Pages 29-40
    Selecting for juvenile body weight over the long term from a shared original population resulted in the creation of two distinct chicken lines: the low-weight selected line (LWS) and the high-weight selected line (HWS). Transport proteins encoded by solute carrier families operate within the inner mitochondrial membrane, facilitating the transport of metabolites. Ubiquitination, a dynamic and reversible process, plays a crucial role, alongside ATP-related genes, in maintaining cellular energy balance. The aim of this research was to clarify the distinction in pathway and system gene expression between high and low-weight broiler lines using microarray data previously documented on the GEO website (GEO Accession GSE122519 ). During weeks 1, 3, 5, and 7 of age, investigations revealed a notable reduction in SLC7A2 gene expression among the genes associated with the SLC families in HWS broilers during the first week of age. In the third week of age, there is an upregulation of SLCO2A1, SLC25A6, and SLC39A13, while SLC41A1 and SLC35B4 are downregulated. By the fifth week, SLC16A6 is upregulated along with SLC25A6, and in the seventh week, SLC35B4 is downregulated while SLC39A11 is upregulated compared to the LWS line (P<0.01). In the first week of age, there was an upregulation observed in relation to UBAP2L in the LWS line. By the third week, USP16 and RCJMB04_2 showed upregulation, followed by USP18 and USP16 in the fifth week. Additionally, HERPUD1 exhibited upregulation in the seventh week. In comparison to the HWS line, NUB1 and RCJMB04_3 displayed downregulation (P<0.01). Genes associated with ATP pumps exhibited 18 significant changes in gene expression. Specifically, 8 ATP pump genes were found to be highly expressed during the 7th week of age, while 4 genes showed increased expression during the third week of age in the HWS line compared to the LWS line (P<0.01).
    Keywords: Microarray, Broiler, Pituitary, Gene, Expression
  • Ali Abolhasanzadeh Parizi, Milad Lagzian * Pages 41-52
    The immunomodulatory properties of Ferula assa-foetida, a perennial herb traditionally used for its anti-inflammatory effects, were investigated in this study, focusing on its influence on NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways in GM-CSF-differentiated human macrophages. The extract was prepared using 80% ethanol, and its cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay, revealing no significant cytotoxic effects at concentrations ranging from 10 to 200 µg/mL. Differentiated macrophages were treated with the extract, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was employed to assess the expression levels of NF-κB and STAT1 genes. The results demonstrated a dose-dependent downregulation of NF-κB expression by the extract, with significant reductions observed at concentrations of 50 µg/mL and higher. Specifically, NF-κB expression decreased to 0.6719 ± 0.0691-fold at 50 µg/mL (p = 0.0044), 0.3959 ± 0.1170-fold at 100 µg/mL (p = 0.0009), and 0.1650 ± 0.0509-fold at 200 µg/mL (p < 0.0001). In contrast, STAT1 expression remained unaffected across all tested concentrations of the extract, with no statistically significant changes compared to the untreated control group. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), used as a positive control, significantly upregulated both NF-κB and STAT1 expression, confirming the responsiveness of the macrophages to inflammatory stimuli. These findings suggest that the extract selectively modulates NF-κB-dependent inflammatory pathways without broadly affecting STAT1 signaling. The study highlights the potential of F. assa-foetida as a source of bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. However, further research is needed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, identify the active compounds, and validate these effects in vivo.
    Keywords: Ferula Assa-Foetida, NF-Κb, STAT1, GM-CSF, Macrophages, Qrt-PCR, Immunomodulation