فصلنامه پژوهش های حفاظتی - امنیتی
پیاپی 49 (بهار 1403)

Choosing lifestyle determines the future of a person and as a result, the future of society. Therefore, without proper recognition and understanding of lifestyle, personal and social habits and ways of life will go astray and as neglecting the lifestyle can causes crimes and different violations including financial crimes of personnel and causes irreparable damage to the family, organization and society and tarnishes their dignity, the objective of this research is measuring the impact of lifestyle on financial crimes of IRGC’ personnel. This is an applied research and producing literature in it is in order to help improve lifestyle of IRGC’ personnel and is usable in IRGC and its intelligence protection organization. The research method is reasoning after occurrence that according to the dependent variable, examines the probable causes of its occurrence. The information collection method is library with studying the cases of IRGC’ accused personnel of financial crimes in the last ten years. The Statistical population includes all the filed cases with the subject of financial crimes of IRGC’ personnel in the last ten years and stratified sampling is utilized for this purpose. The research results show that the indicators related to organizational lifestyle have the highest impact on financial crimes of personnel and indicate weakness of oversight, legal loopholes and abundance of criminal financial opportunities at IRGC level. In the second place are the indicators related to individual lifestyle that the issues of belief and faith, personality weakness and lack of satisfaction are visible in it and in the next place are the indicators related to social lifestyle with the issues of future economic security, class distance and high family expectations.

On October 7, 2023, when the forces of the Hamas organization from the Gaza Strip attacked areas of southern Israel and inflicted significant human and financial losses, the Zionist regime was surprised in terms of information. This regime had no clear and immediate warning about this attack. It was a major surprise for the intelligence community and the security system. The lack of intelligence warning raised fundamental questions about the capabilities of Israel’s intelligence community, as to what the causes and factors of intelligence surprise in the October 7 operation consisted of. The research hypothesis based on the analytical descriptive method states that the Israeli intelligence apparatus knew about the strengthening of Hamas, but there was this cognitive bias that Hamas has changed its goals and intends to behave as a normal actor, and as a result, Hamas refrains from aggressive actions, that in turn provoke Israel. Several factors played a role in the cognitive bias that ultimately the Zionists could not understand the situation of Hamas. The findings of the research show that the threat of Hamas was underestimated compared to Israel’s ability, and it was in such a situation that cognitive error prevailed over logical calculations and evaluations.

Organizational resilience as an effective component, besides contributing to the successful performance of the organization; in critical situations of various organizations, including intelligence-security apparatuses, enables them to manage assigned missions and related challenges. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to identify effective structural factors in improving the organizational resilience of the employees of intelligence society. The current research is of qualitative type and mixed method (contextual case, exploratory), which is intended to achieve the final goal after combining the collected data with the field findings and investigating them. In this research, the views of 10 elite experts in the organizational field were combined with the results obtained from a field survey of 192 people from the statistical population of the employees of intelligence society, and using the descriptive method, the factors were ranked by the Friedman test. Despite  the problems such as the location of the research environment in the field of an intelligence-security apparatus and the limitations associated with this issue, the final result shows the effectiveness of the factors of correct and efficient selection, mutual commitment (common loyalty of the individual and the organization to each other), efficient and effective reward system (punishment and encouragement), and efficient organizational structure (in the structural dimension), in promoting the organizational resilience of the employees of intelligence-security collections.

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors of human resources reluctance to continue cooperation in the intelligence protection organization of the armed forces and attempts to answer the question of what are the factors of the reluctance of human resources to continue cooperation in the intelligence protection organizations of the armed forces. The type of research is applied and the research method is descriptive - analytical. In addition to library study and intelligence sources, 15 elites and experts in the field of collection, who are in charge of human resources management, were interviewed in order to collect information. Using the data-based method (grounded theory), their opinions have been analyzed. The research results led to the identification of three causes, some are related to the human factor (source) and some related to the agent handler that both directly and some indirectly effects on the reluctance of the resources to continue their cooperation. These factors are fully examined in analysis section and are prioritized in conclusion section.

The speed of today’s fast-paced developments, new trends and emerging events has brought many surprises and intelligence failures in different societies. This issue doubles the need to pay attention to warning systems and appropriate warning patterns. Therefore, in the current research, various patterns of warning are investigated and by studying documents in this field, beside identifying dimensions, components and indicators of information warning in security crises, the desired pattern of informational warning be obtained. This research is applied, qualitative and based on content analysis method is exploratory. It is done with the participation of 12 experts, elites, managers in the field of information, security, cyber, crisis and electronic war who have managerial and executive scientific records, and with the purposeful sampling method in the target statistical population and with the tools of interview, collection, implementation and analysis the data is done that after coding and matching, adaptation and integration, the following results were obtained: 68 indicators, 13 components and 4 dimensions. The resulting components are: symptoms (perception), awareness (collection), processing, analysis (examination), knowledge base, levels, tools, elements and effective factors of warning, subject, actors, intelligent network, steps and time of warning that have been obtained in 4 dimensions of observation, diagnosis, orientation, decision-making and action. Finally, the model of informational warning of security crisis is designed and the subject of evaluation, feedback and learning in each stage to the previous stage have also been considered and emphasized.