مجله علمی پزشکی جندی شاپور
سال بیست و سوم شماره 6 (پیاپی 153، بهمن و اسفند 1403)

 Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that can cause respiratory infections. Anxiety about COVID-19 is common and it seems that the lack of knowledge and ambiguity in people about the virus exacerbates this anxiety. so, the present study was conducted to investigate the stress management of Alborz Dental School students in the face of coronavirus.

The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study and the statistical population of this study includes all dental students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. For this purpose, a standardized Lecritt stress management questionnaire was used.

The samples included 190 dental students. There was a significant difference between the samples in terms of marital and singleness in stress tolerance (P = 0.064) and stress control (P = 0.45). And between samples in terms of age in stress tolerance (P = 0.043) and stress control (P = 0.26) and between samples in terms of gender in stress tolerance (P = 0.28) and stress control (P = 0.41) did not exist.

Based on the findings of the present study, there was a lot of stress in the entire study population, given that the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemy are undeniable. Among dental students, factors such as marital status, semester, and age did not cause significant differences in stress control and management.

 Chronic non-specific back pain is one of the causes of disability in people, and chronic pain is one of the most important medical problems in the world.The aim of this study was to the effectiveness of Pilates exercises on pain, Disability, in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain.

From internal and external search engines Scopus, Semantic Scholar, Google Scholar, Pubmed, ISC SID, Magiran, Irandoc, Doaj with time limit 2010 to 2024 and the keywords Pilates,Pain, Disability, Non-Specific, Chronic Low Back The present study was Prisma (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes).

 Eleven articles were selected based on inclusion criteria. A systematic review on the effectiveness of Pilates exercises on Pain, Disability, in people with non-specific chronic low back pain.

 According to the research conducted in the present study, Pilates exercises can increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the lumbar multifidus muscle and increase the strength of the abdominal muscle. it seems that Pilates exercises improve pain and disability in patients with chronic low back pain.

 Effective management of critical emergency conditions in pre-hospital environments by health care providers working in the 115 ambulances as first responders is of vital importance, because it is directly related to the mortality rate and complications of these patients.

 In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 240 emergency personnel of Khuzestan province were selected by a two-stage cluster method. The data collection tool in this study was a demographic questionnaire and a questionnaire to assess the level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge based on the 2020 guidelines. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistical tests, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS version 23.

The average age of the participants was 33.38 ± 7.24 years, out of 240 people examined, the knowledge level of 168 people (70%) of cardiopulmonary resuscitation was at an average level and only 2 people (8%) had knowledge at a weak level. Using ANOVA and t-test, no significant level was observed between the level of knowledge and demographic information (p>0.05).

The results of the present study showed that the level of knowledge of the emergency personnel of Khuzestan province about cardiopulmonary resuscitation is at an average level. CPR retraining courses are mandatory for the emergency medical staff based on the latest guidelines.

 Considering the increase in the number of genetic disorders among human diseases and the importance of genetic counseling in prevention and the role of physicions in providing counseling, this study aims to determine the evaluation of the knowledge, attitude and performance of health specialists regarding the referral of necessary cases to genetic counseling and genetic tests were done in Bushehr in 2020.

 This research was a cross-sectional descriptive analytical study that was conducted using a questionnaire containing demographic information and questions in three areas of knowledge, attitude and performance of doctors regarding the referral of necessary cases to genetic counseling and testingin Bushehr with the participation of 95 doctors. Spearman, U-Man-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis correlation tests and Tukey's Post Hoc test were used for data analysis.

The average scores of doctors' knowledge, attitude and performance were 70.30 ± 7.45, 89.21 ± 10.77 and 38.25 ± 20.60, respectively, which indicates good knowledge and attitude and poor performance of doctors in this field. There was a significant difference in the performance score among doctors of different disciplines. A statistically significant relationship was obtained between knowledge and performance, attitude and performance and between participation in the genetics training course and performance.

 According to the findings of the study, holding effective and practical training courses, preparing a referral guide for doctors and establishing a standard genetic services center to improve the status of genetic counseling in Bushehr in order to control and prevent these diseases seems necessary.

Cognitive performance is influenced by health-related factors such as physical fitness and nutrition, as well as cognitive exercises such as brain games. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of twelve weeks of resistance training and creatine hydrochloride supplementation on blood oxygen levels and fatigue in cognitive activities of middle-aged men.

In the present quasi-experimental study, 36 middle-aged men were randomly divided into three groups: resistance training + supplement (n = 12), resistance training + placebo (n = 12), and control group (n = 12). Resistance training was completed for 12 weeks with a frequency of four sessions per week and an intensity of 70 to 85% of one repetition maximum. Also, in the supplement group, creatine hydrochloride was consumed at a rate of three grams per day. Fatigue and arterial oxygen were measured in two stages: pre-test and post-test, before and after the Mafia game.

A significant decrease in fatigue was observed in the resistance training + supplement groups (P < 0.001) and resistance training + placebo (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. The results of blood oxygen levels between the groups in the first and second stages did not show a significant difference (P > 0.05).

A period of resistance training significantly improved fatigue without affecting arterial oxygen levels, but supplementation had no significant effect on fatigue and arterial oxygen.

 Diagnosis of internal root resorption in anterior teeth, which are important in terms of beauty and mental health, is of great importance. There are several processing algorithms to facilitate the interpretation of the images used to diagnose and treat internal analysis, one of which is brightness. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of brightness changes on the diagnosis of endodontic resorption in single-rooted teeth in tomography.

 Forty-five single root teeth with were splinted mesiodistally in this in vitro case-control study. Artificial internal resorption lesions were created in cervical, middle or apical areas. CBCT images were taken before and after cavity preparation. CBCT images was evaluated by Two radiologists in low, intermediate and high brightness value. The data were analyzed using Kappa and Mac-Nemar tests on SPSS software. Overall accuracy was evaluated with sub curve analysis of ROC.

 Specificity, sensitivity and overall accuracy were calculated using Kappa statistical analysis test of all brightness images (low-medium-high) showed only for second observer between low brightness images and reality meaningful difference exist. Also, sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy were high for both observers and also slightly higher in high brightness images.

 from present study we can conclude that in using of brightness filter in CBCT images, high brightness has more conformity with reality and can be useful.

 Ensuring patient safety and preventing medical errors and adverse events in healthcare facilities is currently a matter of great importance and global concern. It becomes a greater concern in the light of patients' rights and the right to have healthcare.This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the frequency of medical errors and their associated factors.

 This descriptive study was conducted in 2023. Medical error cases were investigated between 2010 and 2018. Study information was extracted with the help of a checklist made by the researchers, after reviewing the files by the executive team and project colleagues. Due to the extreme importance of maintaining the confidentiality of the collected data, the checklists were recorded without mentioning the names and details of the individuals. The data was analyzed by SPSS software version 21 and the data was reported descriptively (percentage and frequency).

In the current study, out of 721 medical error cases investigated, 139 people (19.2%) died. 10.1% of health care errors, 45.3% of people involved in the case were men. The most common places where medical errors occurred were public hospitals and then private clinics.

 According to the results of this research, the amount of medical errors has been increasing in recent years in the province, and the most complaints were related to obstetrics and gynecology. Considering the importance of the issue, it is necessary to implement practical interventions, including more accurate monitoring and surveillance systems, in order to improve the conditions.

The relationship between heart diseases and oxidative stress has been determined. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of aerobic training along with melatonin on the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene in the heart tissue of diabetic male rats.

In this experimental research, 64 eight-week-old male Wistar rats (weight range: 204 ± 11.3 grams) were randomly were placed into eight groups: diabetes control, diabetes+melatonin, diabetes+exercise,diabetes+melatonin+exercise.Healthy+melatonin,healthy+exercise,healthy+melatonin+exercise and healthy controls. Diabetes was induced by injecting streptozotocin 50 mg/kg of rat weight. Then, the exercise groups performed six weeks of continuous aerobic training on the treadmill. Also, melatonin was injected at a dose of 10 mg/kg of weight daily for 6 weeks. The level of IL-6 gene expression in heart tissue was measured by real time technique. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used for statistical analysis and the significance level (P ≥ 0.05) was considered.

The results showed that the induction of diabetes caused a significant increase in IL-6 in the diabetic groups compared to the healthy groups (P<0.05). Also, there was a significant decrease in IL-6 gene expression in the diabetes+melatonin+exercise group compared to the control diabetes group (P<0.05).

Based on the results of aerobic exercise along with melatonin supplementation can reduce inflammation in the heart tissue of diabetic rats by reducing IL-6 and thus prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy.