نشریه اندیشه های نو در علوم جغرافیایی
پیاپی 8 (تابستان 1404)

Heat waves are a major manifestation of climat chanqe and of natural disasters and climat.The abundance and durability of heat waves in Khuzestan province has become a climate threat .The aim of the present study is to identify the hot waves of Khuzestan over an 18-year(2017-2000) period of time and synoptic analysis of Saudi Arabias anticyclone coherent role in their creation. For this, heat waves were first selected based on three criteria: maximum daily temperature of over 40°C, permanence and endurance of the waves for three days or more in the region, and spread of the wave at 8 stations or higher across the province. Thus, the number of 67 three-day heat waves and 52 or higher four-day heat waves were determined. Then, a pressure map and the topography of these waves at low and middle levels of Vardsepehr were prepared and outlined in the GrADS environment. Upon visual inspection of the maps, a dominant synoptic pattern was determined. In the end, as for the synoptic analysis of the dominant pattern, the heat wave of 28-30 June 2017 as the representative of the summer heat waves of Khuzestan was analyzed. As for the synoptic pattern analyses leading to heat waves, climatic data were extractedfrom selected days as demonstrated by the Nova and Skewti Site of Wyoming University. Results indicatedthat in almost all heat waves, in the low layers of the Vardsepehr, cyclone tongues of Pakistan and SaudiArabia as the most important systems affecting conformity with the regional topographic pattern(southern Zagros highlands) and the rotating pattern of the system had caused the hot advection of theradiant temperature of the hot deserts of Lut and those of Saudi Arabia on the province of Khuzestan,with the low layers of Vardsepehr entering the Khuzestan plain from the southeast to the northwest bypassing through the southern foothills of Zagros, and extending to the north of Iraq and eastern coasts of the Mediterranean. However, synoptic conditions were changed at 700 and 500 hPa levels as, with the dominance of the summer rotating pattern in the region, Saudi Arabia’s anticyclone gradually evolved from the 700 hPa level, thus becoming the dominant pattern of the region.

Tourism, as a key sector in economic and social development, plays a significant role in increasing income, creating employment and preventing rural migration to cities. Despite challenges such as lack of awareness of attractions and lack of infrastructure, this industry can contribute to economic diversification and reducing dependence on limited resources. Jam city, with many natural and historical attractions, has a significant potential for tourism development. This research examines the theories related to sustainable development and tourist attractions and emphasizes the importance of knowing the attractions and the participation of the local community. Using descriptive and analytical methods, Jam city tourism information has been collected from different sources and geographical maps have been drawn with ArcGIS and Google Earth software. The findings show that the geological and historical features of this city, including Adam's Cave and Globardakan Forest, Pedri Castle, historical aqueducts, water mills, dams, and natural caves provide unique opportunities to attract tourists. For the optimal use of these attractions, it is necessary to improve tourism infrastructure, increase health services and facilities, and carry out scientific planning. With the recognition and development of natural and historical attractions, Jam city can become one of the important tourist destinations and contribute to the sustainable and economic development of the region.

Tourism infrastructure plays a vital role in shaping visitor experiences and enhancing economic growth in various regions worldwide. Bushehr Province, located in southern Iran along the shores of the Persian Gulf, has significant potential for attracting tourists due to its unique combination of natural beauty and cultural heritage. However, the success of any tourism destination relies on its ability to provide adequate accommodation, transportation, and recreational facilities to meet the needs of travelers. This research employs a descriptive and analytical methodology and is applicable in nature. It examines the current state of tourism infrastructure in Bushehr Province and ongoing projects aimed at increasing the region's appeal to visitors. The study addresses the province's natural and cultural assets, analyzes existing facilities, and evaluates government initiatives to enhance the tourism sector. Additionally, it assesses the socio-economic impacts of tourism growth on local communities and strategies for promoting sustainable tourism development in this beautiful coastal area.

The incidence of skin cancers has been on the rise in recent decades, with most of these cancers resulting from frequent exposure to sunlight. Changes in UV levels can be a major cause of the increase in skin cancer. This article aims to investigate the effect of UV changes on the incidence of skin cancer in East Azerbaijan Province. Data and information related to skin cancer were collected from the Disease Management Center of the province located in Tabriz, and data regarding ultraviolet (UV) radiation were extracted using satellite images. To analyze the satellite images, ArcGIS software was used to create a geographic distribution map of skin cancer by county. Subsequently, a geographic distribution map of UV radiation levels in East Azerbaijan Province was created from point data, and finally, a model was developed to correlate the two layers of skin cancer incidence with UV radiation levels. The SAS 9.1 statistical software was used to analyze the correlation between latitude and longitude with the incidence rate of skin cancer. The results of the study on the distribution of skin cancer in East Azerbaijan Province indicate that the highest incidence rates are found in the counties of Tabriz and Haris, with rates ranging from 15.2 to 22 per 100,000 population. The lowest incidence rates are found in the southern strip of the province, including the counties of Malekan, Charavimaq, and parts of northeastern areas such as Khoda Afarin and Jolfa, with an incidence rate of 2.7. A concentration of skin cancer is also observed in parts of Tabriz County, Kalibar, and Haris, with the highest rate recorded in Ahar County at 12 per 1,000,000 people. The UV levels in various parts of the province range from high to very high risk. Satellites have recorded UV indexes as high as 11.8 in 2011 at stations such as Malekan and Bonab. In the studied area, the results indicate that the increase in UV levels from 2005 to 2014 is undeniable, with varying trends observed across different parts of the province

Given the existing political, geopolitical, and economic inequalities within the current global space structure and the dominance of the core-periphery model over this space, the sustainability and continuity of the global space are faced with numerous obstacles, including ongoing crises and instability. An important question in this regard is: What actions are necessary to fundamentally transform the current world order from its unbalanced and unsustainable state to a stable and balanced one? Accordingly, the goal of this paper is to analyze the undesirable status of the management and organization of the current global space in terms of geopolitical, economic, social, and other dimensions, and to propose effective solutions for fundamentally changing the current conditions and achieving a just, balanced, and sustainable global structure. This research is problem-oriented and presented in a descriptive-analytical framework. The findings of the paper indicate that if a series of essential actions, such as a fundamental shift in the approach governing international relations in political, geopolitical, economic, social, security, and other relevant areas, are implemented, it would be possible to transform the current unbalanced state of the global space into a desirable and balanced one. Through this transformation, global peace and security can be achieved.

Considering the important and essential role of rivers in the economy, industry, and agriculture, mismanagement of these resources and incorrect usage of surface water, it prompted us to survey the negative impacts of climate change on water resources which has caused and will continue drought and various environmental impacts that effects in the ajichay river basin. This research was only concentrated on the ajichai river basin due to the large area of the Urmia Lake basin for this study area. The present study examines the effects and influencing factors on rainfall and river discharge of the ajichay . The discharge river and precipitation data were studied in the ajichay river basin in east azerbaijan province at monthly, seasonal, and annual scales from 1969 to 2017. The nonparametric Mann-Kendall statistical test was used to survey and analyze the presence or absence of trend. Additionally, the correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination were utilized using linear regression and coefficient of variation in the XLSTAT software. The results of river discharge analysis in the ajichay river basin indicate that the river has been a downward sloping trend at annual scale in the Vanyar station. A significant downward trend was also observed in river discharge data at the seasonal scale during autumn, winter, and spring which the most severe trend in winter is with 95% confidence level and an 86% correlation coefficient. However, the data have mutation in the winter but there is no a specific trend for the summer.