مجله علوم سیاسی
پیاپی 68 (پاییز 1403)

One of the behavior patterns of governments with each other, especially with hostile governments, is the use of embargo behavior, which, of course, is also considered in the United Nations Charter. One of these sanctions is to prevent the sanctioned country from achieving technology and industrial progress. The main question of this research is what short-term and long-term effects international oil sanctions have had on the transfer of technologies to Iran in the oil industry between 2010 and 2020. In order to explain this issue by using the descriptive-analytical method, it can be said that the pressure on Iran's oil revenues and its impact on severe financial restrictions, putting pressure on foreign investment, preventing the entry of new technologies and the forced exit of international companies, as well as inefficient management Especially in the years 2010 to 2020, it has caused the deterioration of technologies in all sectors, including the oil industry. Also, international sanctions have had direct effects on the transfer of technologies to Iran in the oil industry, and in addition to the natural decrease in oil production and its sale in the world markets, foreign investment in this field has also faced challenges. Of course, the Iranian government has reduced part of the negative effects of sanctions by supporting domestic elites and technological and knowledge-based companies related to oil industry technologies.

In the third millennium, security crises have changed, as security conflicts between neighboring countries, especially ethnic, linguistic, racial and identity crises, have greatly increased. The central question and purpose of this research is Azerbaijan's 2023 security strategy on Iran's national security in particular. What effects has it had in the years 2018 to 2023. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytical. Considering the factors affecting the foreign policy of Azerbaijan, such as special relations with America, Israel and Turkey, as well as Russia's tea estate in the South Caucasus region, identity and language differences with some neighboring countries and energy economy, it can be said that the security policies of the Republic of Azerbaijan at the levels Various micro and macro influences on Iran's national security. In this regard, we can mention issues such as the escalation of border disputes, linguistic and ethnic tensions, economic tensions, increasing influence of the opponents of the Islamic.. Republic in the region, the formation of security alliances against Iran and the security of the region and the reduction of investment.

Among all theories, wisdom Sadraei's theory has a special place. The wide range of components and the multitude of concepts in it have made this theory powerful and versatile. The purpose of this article is to present a new methodology based on wisdom Sadraei. Since each theory identifies or recommends a specific method based on its epistemological and epistemological foundations, the present research tries to understand and how to apply this theory by highlighting the main concepts of Sadra's philosophy and placing other concepts and components under them. To present various philosophical, social, legal and political issues in the framework of a new methodology. Although the choice of one method among other methods is selective and optional, but the choice of each method is not correct for any subject and cannot be without reason and basis, therefore Sadra'i theory in most cases does not seek to reject other theories but seeks to modify them. In this article, a qualitative research method was used, and the method of data collection is a survey and the method of data analysis is descriptive and analytical. What differentiates this article is the use of the latest ideas of Mutalaeh professors and commentators of the Sadrai school in this field.

 influential strata in the process of political participation and consequently effective in the all-round development of the society, therefore, knowing their preferences, orientations and satisfaction with the performance of political elites is of great importance. Is. In this research, a survey method was used, SPSS software was used for data analysis, Cronbach's alpha test was used for the reliability of the questionnaire, and face validity was used for its validity. The normality of the data of the research variables was confirmed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The statistical population is 16,300 people of Ardabil province and the size of the statistical sample was estimated to be 380 people according to Cochran's formula. In this research, simple and stratified random sampling methods were used. The theoretical framework of the research was adapted from the theories of Huntington, Nelson and Lipsett. Research hypotheses were measured using Pearson's test, and linear regression analysis and path analysis were used using spss software to measure the empirical model of the research. Based on the results obtained, there is a significant relationship between the variables of transparency of officials' performance, accountability of officials, priority of national interests, fight against corruption, political trust, actions of rulers to improve social services and actions of political elites for political development with political participation of educators.

In March 2003, the European Commission established a new policy with the title "New Neighborhood Policy of the European Union", which was later renamed "European Union Neighborhood Policy". The main goal of this policy was to expand peace and security and economic development and democracy in neighboring countries in order to stabilize and develop stability and security within the European Union. The ENP is designed to give new impetus to cooperation with the EU’s neighbours following enlargement.The ENP should reinforce the EU’s contribution to promoting the settlement of regional conflicts. Although the European Neighborhood Policy has been an effective policy in creating a peaceful environment across Europe, the implementation of its instruments must take into account the expectations of other major actors who have vital interests in that particular region. This research tries to explain the active regional policies of the European Union under the European Neighborhood Policy, which is considered by Russia as a security threat. The aim of the current research is to investigate the European Union's neighborhood policy under the theory of normative power of this Union in relation to the Ukraine crisis.In this article, using a descriptive-analytical research method and based on library studies and reliable internet sources, by analyzing the approach of the European Union towards Ukraine, it is concluded that the policy of the European Union negatively led to the escalation of tension in the region, which in turn The operation of the neighborhood policy itself has also disrupted it.

The relationship between tradition and modernity significantly affects society, culture and development discoursee. This research examines the three critical views of tradition as imitation, transmission and transformation, and along with the analysis of their influencing components, it obtains the coordinates of development in effective connection with historical achievements. The main question and goal of this research is the coordinates of Iran's economic development in the era of globalization according to the development plan. Development is a multi-dimensional process that has evolved over time with conceptual challenges and has undergone various dimensions to complete the word. One of its important dimensions is attention to social justice in the framew-agricultural private sector in Iran, which is less industrial and traditional. Dispersion and decentralization of industries to achieve lower income inequality between provinces will create a level of loss, but less loss than in Western countries. Large wage variations explained by economic geography can cause significant internal migration, beyond what is seen in Western countries. In fact, significant internal migration has been observed in Iran in recent years. In fact, the coordinates of Iran's economic development according to the development plan can be pointed out in components such as the lack of balance, disregard for regional and global requirements, the dominance of political and non-scientific views on development, and the lack of long-term strength in the plans.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the solutions facing Iran's cultural diplomacy with an emphasis on the thought of Imam Khamenei (Madh Zaleh al-Ali). Based on the teachings of Islam, Imam Khamenei assigns a special role and position to cultural elements. One of the basic points in his thought was to pay attention to cultural diplomacy. In the present study, an attempt was made to answer this question, what are the solutions facing Iran's cultural diplomacy by emphasizing the thought of Imam Khamenei? In the hypothesis, it is stated that paying attention to the thought The position of Supreme Leader plays a fundamental role in providing solutions for cultural diplomacy. Researchers investigate this hypothesis using documentary methods and qualitative content analysis. From the categories extracted from the statements of Imam Khamenei, we can mention the use of capacities, initiative, efficiency, reform of structures, coordination of institutions, cohesion, jihadi management, active diplomacy, proportional distribution of power, continuous mobility and active participation in treaties. win. The results of the current research show that among the important and effective principles of cultural diplomacy solutions, we can mention the use of new technologies, avoiding parallel work, management organization and cohesion, development of the soft power of the system and cultural foundation in the countries of the region. .