نشریه پژوهش توانبخشی در پرستاری
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 41، پاییز 1403)

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is a chronic mental illness in which perfectionism and concern about controlling all the details related to issues, regulations, order, and order are among the prominent characteristics of people suffering from it. The present study was designed to determine the effect of group schema therapy on the perfectionism of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

In a randomized clinical trial study conducted in 1400, 70 patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder were referred to psychiatric and psychological clinics in Yasouj city before the intervention, the short form of the Yang Schema Questionnaire and the Perfectionism Questionnaire. They completed the frost. The samples were allocated to two test groups (35 people) and control (35 people) through the random block allocation process. The test group received 20 sessions of 60 minutes, two sessions per week, schema therapy as a group. Frost's perfectionism dimensions scale was completed at the start of the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and one month later by both experimental and control groups. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and analysis of variance with repeated measurements were used using SPSS software version 25.

The average age of the participants in the test group was 31.23±4.61 and in the control group was 30.77±3.75; 21.4% of participants were male, and 78.6% were female (control group: 17.1% male and 82.9% women, intervention group: 25.7% men and 74.3% women), The perfectionism score at the time points immediately and one month after the end of the intervention compared to their level at the beginning of the study in the intervention group was significantly reduced compared to the control group (P<0.05)

Group schema therapy can be suggested as a valuable and effective intervention in improving the dimensions of perfectionism in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Distance education can overcome some of the barriers of traditional education and provide easy and flexible access to learning. This study aims to determine the effect of self-care training by distance education on the functional status and Quality of life of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

This is an interventional study with two intervention and control groups. Sixty patients were selected by the available method and then divided into intervention and control groups in a simple random manner. Questionnaires for assessing the functional status and Quality of life of rheumatoid arthritis patients were completed by the patients one month before and one month after the intervention. Self-care training in the intervention group was conducted in 5 sessions for five weeks via mobile phone. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS software at a significance level of 0.05.

The comparison between the groups showed no statistically significant difference between the functional status and the patient's Quality of life in the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention (P>0.05). However, the intra-group comparison showed a significant difference in the average Quality of life scores before and after the intervention in the intervention group (p<0.05).

Distance education alone has no significant effect on these patients, so it is suggested that it be used along with other educational methods to have a favorable impact.

Couples with emotional divorce have problems in the field of cognitive fusion and dysfunctional attitudes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based couple therapy on cognitive fusion and dysfunctional attitudes in couples with emotional divorce conditions.

The study was quasi-experimental, involving a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. It focused on couples with emotional divorce in Rasht city in 2023. Twenty couples were selected using purposeful sampling and assigned to two equal groups. The experimental group received nine sessions of mindfulness-based couple therapy, while the control group remained on a waiting list. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical tests in SPSS23 software.

The findings showed that the experimental and control groups were not significantly different in terms of education, age and duration of marriage (P>0.05). Also, mindfulness-based couple therapy significantly reduced cognitive fusion and dysfunctional attitudes in couples with emotional divorce conditions, and this result was also maintained in the follow-up phase (P<0.001).

Considering the effectiveness of mindfulness-based couple therapy on cognitive fusion and dysfunctional attitudes in couples with emotional divorce conditions, counsellors and therapists can use mindfulness-based couple therapy along with other effective treatment methods to improve the psychological characteristics of couples with emotional divorce.

The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of emotional-based and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy on triangulation and family communication boundaries of women with symptoms of sexual dysfunction.

The research method was semi-experimental, and its design included three groups of pre-test-post-test type with a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the study included married women suffering from sexual dysfunction who were referred to family counseling centers in Isfahan City along with their husbands in the first half of 2021. From the aforementioned statistical population, 54 people were selected based on the entry and exit criteria by purposeful sampling. They were assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (18 people in each group).  A pre-test was conducted by administering research questionnaires, including Yousefi and Bahrami's triangulation scale (2014) and the family communication boundaries questionnaire developed by Kiani Chalmardani et al. (2014). In the next phase, the first experimental group underwent eight sessions of emotion-oriented couples therapy every week for two months. Similarly, the second experimental group engaged in 8 sessions of cognitive behavioral couples therapy every week for 90 minutes per session. Meanwhile, the control group was placed on a waiting list and did not receive any treatment during this period. After completing the therapy sessions two months later, all three research groups were reassessed for evaluation. Data analysis was done using repeated measurement variance analysis with the help of SPSS version 26 software.

The results showed that both emotion-based couples therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy interventions have similar, positive, and lasting effects on the triangulation and communication boundaries of women with symptoms of sexual dysfunction (P<0.05).

Based on the results obtained from the research, it can be said that emotional couple therapy and cognitive behavioral couple therapy are effective in improving the triangulation and communication boundaries of women with sexual dysfunction.

The coronavirus caused much anxiety, and it seems that personality characteristics play an influential role in anxiety. As a result, this study aimed to determine the role of personality characteristics in predicting corona anxiety in vaccinated people.

This was a cross-sectional correlational study. The research population was vaccinated people referred to the Payambar Azam Complex vaccination center of the Islamic Azad University of West Tehran Branch in the autumn of 2021. In this research, among the people receiving the second dose of the Corona vaccine based on G Power software, 400 people were selected by simple random sampling method. Data were collected using demographic information form, corona anxiety scale, and personality characteristics inventory. The data were then analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with an enter model in SPSS-26 software.

The findings showed that neuroticism and extroversion had a positive and significant relationship with Corona anxiety in vaccinated people, and agreeableness, openness, and conscientiousness had a negative and significant relationship with Corona anxiety in them (P<0.01). Also, the personality characteristics significantly predicted 39.4% of the changes in Corona anxiety in vaccinated people (P<0.001).

This study's results highlight the practical implications of understanding the role of personality characteristics in predicting Coronavirus anxiety in vaccinated individuals. This knowledge empowers us to plan and implement targeted interventions to reduce Coronavirus anxiety based on individual personality traits.

Psychological disturbance is a risk factor for severe mental disorders, including depression and anxiety; therefore, considering the importance and necessity of identifying the factors affecting the psychological disturbance of prisoners, it is harmful. Thus, the present study aims at the role of traumatic childhood experiences and primary maladaptive schemas in predicting psychological disturbance. The prisoners were carried out.

The descriptive research method was correlation type. The population of this research comprised all the male prisoners of the Taiziri robbery in Qezal-Hesar prison of Karaj Central Penitentiary in 2023. The tools used were Bernstein et al.'s childhood traumatic experiences questionnaire, Yang and Brown's early maladaptive schema questionnaire, and Kessler et al.'s psychological disturbance questionnaire, which the participants completed. SPSS version 22 software was used to analyze the data, and Pearson's correlation test and multiple linear regression model were used step-by-step to check the objectives.

The results showed that the correlation between traumatic childhood experiences and primary maladaptive schemas with psychological disturbance is positive and significant (p<0.01). Early maladaptive schemas explain 45.3%, and traumatic childhood experiences explain 47.9% of the variance of psychological disturbance.

The results of the research emphasize the importance of traumatic childhood experiences and initial maladaptive schemas in reducing the psychological disturbance of prisoners, so it requires the attention of prisoners' hands and caretakers in the field of improving the psychological disturbance of prisoners.
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Pronated foot, one of the joint foot deformities, can affect running biomechanics and risk of lower extremity injury. Fatigue due to heavy tasks can also change the biomechanical parameters of locomotion. Under the fatigue conditions, the biomechanical differences in individuals with pronated feet are more easily identified. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to examine the effects of fatigue while using double-density spike shoes on muscle activities of the lower extremities in patients with pronated feet while running.

The statistical population of the present study consists of healthy people with pronate feet in Ardabil province. A statistical sample of 22 people aged 20-25 was selected by purposive sampling and participated in the present study. Statistical samples were divided into groups. There were 11 young men and 11 young women with pronate. The navicular bone sagging method divided the smooth and healthy plant groups. Electromyographic activities of the selected muscles before and after the fatigue protocol were recorded. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software and running ANOVA (p≤0.05).

Results demonstrated significant shoe, fatigue-by-group interactions for biceps femoris muscle activity before the heel contact phase. Furthermore, significant shoes, fatigue, and group interactions were found for vastus medialis muscle activity after the heel contact phase (p<0.05). On the other hand, findings showed a significant effect of fatigue-by-shoes interactions on vastus lateralis (p=0.021) muscle activity after the heel contact phase during running. On the other hand, the result showed that tibialis anterior muscle activity after the heel contact phase was significant (p=0.017).

The results showed that using Double Density Spike Shoes can improve the risk factors for injury in people with Pronated Feet.

Physical and mental disorders are abundantly observed in veterans and disabled people, and in addition to causing concern, they have very adverse effects on various aspects of a person's life. Considering physical and mental health, the current research aimed to predict the social phobia, resilience, and self-esteem of veterans and disabled people based on satisfaction with physical dimensions in veterans and disabled people.

The present research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the research was made up of veterans and disabled people of Yazd Province 2022, of which 98 people were selected as a statistical sample using the available method. In order to examine the variables of the research, Cash et al.'s body dimensions satisfaction scales (2000), Connor et al.'s social phobia (2000), Connor and Davidson's resilience (2003), and Rosenberg's self-esteem scales (1987) were used. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software and inferential statistics (Pearson's correlation coefficient and simple linear regression) at 0.05.

The mean scores of variables of satisfaction of physical dimensions were 33.89±18.18, self-esteem 7.47±2.19, resilience 31.08±14.17, and social anxiety 19.41±13.21. The findings showed that scores of body dimensions satisfaction could significantly predict the variables of social phobia (15%), resilience (12%), and self-esteem (14%) in veterans and disabled people. (p < 0.01).

The results suggest that interventions related to body dimensions satisfaction of veterans and disabled people should be considered to reduce social phobia and increase resilience and self-esteem.

Today, adolescents face many mood and anxiety symptoms, and one of the possible effective methods in this field is mindfulness training. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness training on mood and anxiety symptoms in adolescents with addiction to online games.

The present research was semi-experimental with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The research population was 9th and 10th-grade male students addicted to online games in one district of Ahvaz city in the 2021-2022 academic years. The research sample for each group was calculated to be 15 people, and these numbers were selected by purposive sampling method based on the inclusion criteria and by simple random method with the help of a lottery assigned to two equal groups. The experimental group underwent eight sessions of 90 minutes of mindfulness training, and during this time, the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools included the demographic information form, online game questionnaire and mood and anxiety symptoms questionnaire. The data were analyzed using chi-square and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-24 software at a significance level of 0.05.

The findings showed no significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding demographic variables of age and educational grade (P>0.05). Also, the mindfulness training method significantly reduced general distress and anxious arousal and significantly increased anhedonia in adolescents with addiction to online games (P<0.05).

Based on the results of this study, to reduce mood and anxiety symptoms in adolescents with addiction to online games, mindfulness training, along with other effective training methods.

 Nurses experience compassion fatigue from prolonged exposure to sick patients and stressful situations, particularly during the COVID-19 crisis. A 2020 study assessed compassion fatigue and related factors among nurses at Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan.

pleted the questionnaires on contextual variables, compassion fatigue in nurses, job stress, and Eisenberg organizational support. The results in SPSS: v16 software were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and stepwise regression.

The study found that 93% of nurses experienced moderate to severe compassion fatigue, with the average score being 112.53±16.58. A significant relationship was identified between compassion fatigue and factors like gender and musculoskeletal disorders. Other variables like stress, perceived organizational support, age, work experience, and overtime did not show statistically significant relationships with compassion fatigue. Gender explained about 4% of the variance in nurses' compassion fatigue.

The study found that nurses, especially female nurses and those with musculoskeletal problems, experienced moderate to severe compassion fatigue. Nursing managers should provide support and resources to improve female nurses' physical and mental health. This may include offering physical fitness courses and teaching effective coping methods for managing critical situations.

Today, coronary artery disease is a significant health problem in developing and industrialized countries. The first step in taking care of these clients is diagnostic measures and exercise testing, which the lack of familiarity and cooperation of the client while doing it can lead to anxiety and false changes in the results of the exercise stress test. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of implementing the awareness-raising program on the state anxiety of the clients undergoing exercise stress testing.

In this quasi-experimental two-group study, 60 patients undergoing exercise tests referred to the cardiovascular clinic in Nahavand City were included in two intervention and control groups (30 people in each group) based on the Convenience sampling method. The data collection tool included a demographic questionnaire and Spielberger's specific State Anxiety Inventory. The intervention consists of informing and preparing the client in connection with the exercise stress test, implemented as a combination of face-to-face and virtual education through mobile phones for eight days, and showing images and educational videos through virtual space applications. Finally, the data was statistically analyzed using SPSS version 26 software.

The study showed significant changes in the mean scores of the intervention group's post- and pre-test state anxiety, decreasing from 56.53 to 36.87 (P=0.001).

The awareness-raising program implemented to reduce the clients' anxiety levels is adequate. Implementing an awareness-raising program through face-to-face and virtual education by nurses can be beneficial as a cheap, cost-effective, and accessible method.

Identifying neuromuscular adaptations in knee muscle activity after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in daily tasks has clinical value. This study aimed to investigate the electromyographic activity of selected lower limb muscles in people with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and healthy people descending from two heights of 25 and 40 cm.

Ten males who had undergone Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (experimental group) and ten healthy males (control group), all aged between 20 and 30, were included in the study. The electromyographic activity of the Vastus Medialis Oblique, Vastus Lateralis, Rectus Femoris, Biceps Femoris, and Gastrocnemius muscles in landing from heights of 25 cm and 40 cm was measured using a surface BTS-EMG system (2000 Hz). The signals' maximum Root Mean Square values were normalized based on Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction and then compared between the two groups.

At a height of 25 cm, the muscles' EMG activity, except for the RF muscle, was lower in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction group than in the control group. The root mean square of Vastus Medialis Oblique in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and control groups were significantly different (P=0.026). The results showed that at the height of 40 cm, the Root Mean Square in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction group was lower than that in the control group. Also, the level of Biceps Femoris activity in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction group and the control group was statistically significant (P=0.013).

Two years after anterior cruciate ligament surgery, there were no differences in knee muscle activity during landing from different heights. More research is needed on gender differences, graft types, functional status, and the association between muscle activity patterns and re-injury risk.