Journal of Studies in Medical Sciences
Volume:35 Issue: 10, 2025

The advancement of health information technology has had significant impacts on hospital management and health service delivery. The hospital information system, with its automated data management, reflects one of these impacts. The present study identifies and analyzes the key indicators and components of health information technology in hospitals across the country.

This study was conducted using a mixed-method approach (qualitative and quantitative). In the first part, using the meta-synthesis method, 299 articles from domestic and foreign databases were analyzed, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 41 final articles were selected for coding. In the second part, 20 participants were selected using the Delphi method, including managers and experts from hospitals in West Azerbaijan province who had at least 5 years of work experience in the field of health information technology or management. Data collection was carried out using a researcher-made questionnaire derived from the findings of the meta-analysis section. In this method, indicators and components were extracted through three stages of validation.

The results obtained can be used as a basis for the design and development of hospital information system models in Iran. Improving access to patient information, facilitating decision-making, improving service quality, saving costs, and improving management efficiency are among the key outcomes of the Health Information Technology Index.

The findings of this study provide a foundation for designing and developing hospital information system models in Iran. The Health Information Technology Index highlights key benefits, including improved access to patient information, enhanced decision-making, better service quality, cost savings, and increased management efficiency.

Stroke is the leading cause of death and long-term disability in adults, and ranks among the top causes of death worldwide, after cancer and heart attack. Following a stroke and a decrease in oxygen supply to brain tissue, changes occur in energy production mechanisms, leading to an increase in the production of free radicals. When the production of free radicals increases, the body's defense mechanisms become insufficient, making it possible for the body's biomolecules to be destroyed and cell function to be disrupted, which will ultimately cause a disruption in motor functions.

In this review, 70 articles indexed in scientific databases, including ISI, PubMed, and Scopus, were reviewed from 2018 to 2024. Eighty percent of these studies were conducted on animal models, and 20% were clinical studies. Given the importance of the topic, this review focuses on the protective effects of natural compounds on stroke-related damage.

Natural compounds, which have fewer side effects than other stroke-related drugs, may have significant protective effects in the treatment of stroke and improve the damage caused by it by affecting the complex processes that occur during a stroke.

By exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects, preventing edema, and reducing the volume of tissue damage, natural compounds can have protective effects on stroke and warrant further study as an ideal option.

A healthy organization makes greater efforts in dealing with problems to solve them. In these organizations, human resources are also committed and conscientious, and this commitment leads to their loyalty and retention in the organization. Additionally, it can have an impact on the performance of employees. Hospitals are among the important organizations in society, and the performance of their employees can be effective in improving service delivery. The emergency department is one of the important units in the hospital, and the purpose of this study is to investigate the organizational health, commitment, and performance of emergency personnel.

This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 50 emergency room staff members of Abadan and Khorramshahr hospitals using a convenience sampling method in 2024. The data collection tools were three questionnaires: organizational health, organizational commitment, and emergency performance. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation), as well as independent t-tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

In this study, the majority of the participants were female (54%), had postgraduate education and above (52%), and were married (60%). The average scores for organizational health, organizational commitment, and emergency performance were 2.76 ± 0.33, 63.84 ± 13.84, and 240.44 ± 28.96, respectively. Organizational health and organizational commitment had a positive and significant correlation (r = 0.77, p < 0.0001), but emergency performance was not significantly related to organizational health or organizational commitment (p > 0.05).

Creating a healthy organizational environment can lead to improved employee commitment. When an organization meets the needs of its employees effectively, they become more committed, leading to the promotion and progress of the organization. Therefore, improving the organizational environment is very important.

The return or passage of stomach contents into the esophagus, commonly called gastroesophageal reflux, is an involuntary physiological process that often occurs in healthy infants and children. But GERD causes increasing and frequent symptoms depending on age. Previous studies have shown evidence of a relationship between GERD and esophagitis in infancy with food allergies. The present study was conducted with the aim of Evaluating the frequency of allergic disorders in children with refractory GERD from march 2020 to march 2022 in Urmia Motahari hospital.

This study was conducted in a cross-sectional and descriptive manner. The sampling method in this study was a complete count, with 87 people enrolled in the study, and all children hospitalized in Shahid Motahari Hospital in Urmia with a diagnosis of refractory reflux between 2010 and 2011 who underwent endoscopy were included in the study. Demographic characteristics were collected along with allergy history and endoscopy results. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 22 software.

 158 children (mean age 8.5 ± 4.08 years, 58.9% girls) were included in the study. There was allergic rhinitis in 6.4%, food allergy in 4.4% and cow's milk allergy in 1.3%. 8.2% and 7.6% of parents had allergic rhinitis and food allergy, respectively. 11.4% had eosinophilia in peripheral blood. Gastritis was present in 18.9%, esophagitis in 12.3%, duodenitis in 7.6% and Esophago-gastro-duodenitis in 11.4%.

The results of this study showed that allergic disorders (asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies) have a relatively significant frequency in children with resistant reflux and their parents in Urmia city, and that additional allergic examinations of these patients can be helpful in their treatment process.

The increase and decrease in the number of emergency department visits is one of the challenges in the healthcare sector, which makes it difficult to plan for providing optimal services to patients. Several factors, such as demographic changes, air pollution, and pandemics such as COVID-19, can affect the trend of visits. The aim of this study is to examine the time series trend of cardiac and respiratory visits to the emergency department in Urmia.

In this cross-sectional study, data recorded at the 115 Emergency Center of Urmia were collected from the beginning of April 2019 to the end of October 2024. All cardiac and respiratory visits to the Urmia Emergency Department during this period were included in the study. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 22, MINITAB version 16, and SAS version 9.2 software.

The average number of visits to the Urmia emergency department for cardiac causes per month was 470.37 ± 59.89, and for respiratory causes, it was 491.51 ± 453.97 Time series analysis showed no significant trend in the increase or decrease in visits, and no seasonal changes were observed during the 67-month study period (p < 0.05).

The results of this study showed that emergency visits due to cardiac and respiratory diseases did not increase during the study period, and no seasonal changes were observed. However, factors such as the increase in the average age of the population, air pollution, and the COVID-19 pandemic may play a role in future changes in these visits, warranting more detailed studies.

Osteomyelitis is a bone infection, most commonly transmitted hematogenously; however, it can also be transmitted through other routes, such as direct spread or fractures. The most common age of occurrence of this disease is 3 to 12 years, and it is twice as common in males as in females. In 50% of cases, Staphylococcus aureus is the causative microorganism. The present study was designed and implemented to investigate the clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics of patients diagnosed with osteomyelitis admitted to Shahid Motahari Hospital from 2011 to 2021.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, all medical records of patients diagnosed and treated for osteomyelitis at Shahid Motahari Hospital in Urmia from 2011 to 2021 were extracted. The required information was collected using a checklist. An ESR above 30 was considered abnormal, and a CRP slightly above 6 mg/dL was considered positive. The data were entered into SPSS software version 20 and analyzed.

In this study, 59% of patients were boys. Most patients (34.6%) were in the age group of 60–120 months. The most common clinical symptoms, in order of prevalence, were localized pain (83.3%), edema (79.5%), redness (60.3%), limited range of motion (55.7%), tachycardia (53.8%), and non-weight bearing (51.3%). The most common sites of involvement were the tibia (35.9%) and femur (24.4%). A history of trauma was reported in 34 patients (43.6%).

The majority of patients were boys, and a high percentage had a history of trauma. Given the high prevalence of osteomyelitis in boys and the role of trauma in causing the disease, more attention is needed to prevent bone injuries in children. Additionally, early diagnosis and prompt treatment play an important role in reducing the serious consequences of this disease. Increasing awareness among physicians and parents about the symptoms of osteomyelitis can help reduce cases of late diagnosis and its complications.

Accurate diagnosis of pleural neoplasms, especially in the early stages, is crucial for improving patient prognosis. Imaging tools such as CT scans play a significant role in identifying the type, location, and extent of pleural involvement. This study aimed to investigate CT scan findings in patients with pleural malignancies and analyze their association with demographic factors, smoking history, tumor type, and disease duration.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted on patients with pleural malignancies. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical tests, including Chi-square, Fisher's Exact test, and ANOVA.

Among 100 patients (68 men and 32 women), the mean age was 54.32 ± 16.99 years, and the mean disease duration was 5.74 ± 3.48 months. Fifty-seven patients had a history of smoking. Fourteen patients had primary tumors, while 86 had metastatic tumors. CT scan findings included pleural involvement (100%), pleural effusion (100%), lung volume reduction (92%), pleural thickening (85%), pleural nodularity (57%), lymphadenopathy (56%), lung parenchymal infiltration (45%), mediastinal shift (28%), and pericardial thickening (24%).

CT scan findings in pleural malignancies, except for lung parenchymal infiltration, which was more common in men, showed no association with age, gender, tumor type, disease duration, or smoking history. The origin of metastatic tumors only influenced the occurrence of lymphadenopathy. This study demonstrates that CT scans are a valuable tool for diagnosing and evaluating pleural malignancies.

Breast cancer, as one of the most common types of cancer, remains a significant threat to women's health worldwide. Due to the high incidence of side effects associated with chemotherapy, the search for natural compounds with anticancer properties and fewer side effects is of great importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Piper cubeba L. on breast cancer cells.

In this study, MCF-7 cancer cells were exposed to different concentrations of the hydroalcoholic extract of Piper cubeba L. Subsequently, cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. Additionally, morphological changes in cells and the occurrence of apoptosis were investigated using Giemsa staining and ethidium bromide-acridine orange staining methods.

The results showed that the extract, in a concentration-dependent manner, reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cancer cells. A concentration of 1 mg/mL was determined as the IC50 of the extract in this study. Moreover, the observation of distinct morphological changes in cells treated with the extract indicated the induction of apoptotic cell death.

The findings of this study demonstrate that the hydroalcoholic extract of Piper cubeba L. has significant cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These findings indicate the strong potential of this plant as a natural source for the development of new anticancer drugs.