فصلنامه شهر پایدار
سال هفتم شماره 3 (پیاپی 27، پاییز 1403)

The purpose of this article is to investigate and design the optimal governance model of social capital in the formation of sustainable development of Hormozgan province. The research method is developmental in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data type with an exploratory approach and theme analysis. The community of participants included university experts, policy makers, managers and planners of Hormozgan province, which was 11 people using the purposeful sampling method and the principle of theoretical saturation. Data collection was done using semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed using thematic analysis in "MAXQDA" software. In the analysis of the data obtained from the interview, it was found that in the field of causal factors, 28 open codes were classified into four central codes: "social participation, urban infrastructure facilities and equipment, social participation in creating social cohesion and social reorganization". In the field of contextual factors, 49 open codes were identified with key codes including the role of the government in sustainable development, the capacity of the province, the physical condition of the province and the role of urban service organizations such as the municipality and the city council. Identified leaders include social solidarity, avoiding holding various economic sectors, entrusting relevant activities to public institutions to attract their participation in activities, encouraging and strengthening the formation of civil institutions and its consequences also include improving the index of human development and intergenerational justice, good governance of The basis of social commitment, comprehensive growth and development of the province and facilitating the accumulation and attraction of financial and social capital were coded. Key factors including good governance, comprehensive sustainable development and social capital were introduced.

The present study aimed to analyze the interpretive structural (ISM) factors that affect the realization of the learning city in the Ahvaz metropolis; first, the concepts and variables examined in the subject literature were determined using the documentation method. Based on the literature findings and in-depth semi-structured interviews with 15 scientific and executive experts, the factors affecting the realization of the learning city were extracted in the form of 19 indicators to check the agreement between the experts, determine the agreement, and prioritize the indicators. These factors were collectively agreed upon using the Delphi method. During three rounds, the questionnaire tool was used, and on the Likert spectrum, based on the mean and standard deviation, the non-priority indicators were removed. Finally, 13 indicators were agreed upon. In the end, using the method of structural-interpretive analysis, leveling and creating a model, and determining the relationship between the factors and analysis were done. The research findings showed that the criteria of providing high-speed internet and easy access to educational technologies (C1), creating innovative and suitable educational centers for all types of students and students (C2), formulating policies to support education and the development of public education (C8), and supporting industries and startups related to education and technology (C11) are independent variables. These variables have low dependence and high driving power. In other words, high influence and low dependence are the characteristics of these variables. The criteria for using data mining technologies to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the city’s educational system (C3), promote the culture of learning in society (C4), create opportunities for participation in decision-making related to urban education (C7), and develop public transportation systems and the creation of accessible access environments to educational centers (C9) are dependent variables. These variables have strong dependence and weak driving power.

The purpose of this research was to advocate for the creation of child-friendly spaces in the Sardaran neighborhood of Urmia, which holds a traditional and historical significance. Using the "right to the city" model, the study recognizes that the presence and interaction of different age and user groups (commercial, residential, religious, office) are crucial for improving the quality of spaces. This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of the research method and practical in its purpose. The research sample consists of 135 observations selected from 4 different land uses that comprise the most significant percentage of existing land uses in the Sardaran neighborhood. The collected data is categorized into spatial arrangement models, questionnaire responses, and field impressions. The spatial layout model involves extracting the overall depth map from the axial map of the area. By analyzing the topological relations, the continuity and integrity of the area's accesses were represented in maps. The research results indicate that local access areas such as Sahaba, shishegarkhaneh, and Heshmati Alley have the highest connectivity (10) and strong connections with the immediate neighborhood. The information collected suggests that real estate plots in these areas have great potential for development. There is also a focus on promoting child-friendly spaces to cater to the interests of all age groups in the neighborhood. This includes enhancing neighborhood spatial relations, encompassing residential and commercial spaces, to foster social interactions among residents of all ages despite the limited local facilities.

After the constitutional revolution, by the establishment of the legislative institution, laws and regulations became a powerful tool for the government to produce the urban space, transform and control it. The content of established laws is in accordance with the characteristics and the prevailing discourse in each era. If in the first Pahlavi period the laws and regulations were established for the transformation and changing the urban space, in the second Pahlavi period, they were applied for the circulation and consumption of the capital in the urban space, and in post-revolutionary Iran, they are used in order to create added value from the space, provide housing and control the urban space. In the contemporary period, the physical space of Zanjan city, like most of the cities in the country, is drastically changed due to the effects of various factors especially the laws and regulations. Enactment of the laws without considering all their aspects and effects on the one hand, and adopting incorrect land and housing policies on the other hand lead to the supply of land in excess of the city's needs, mainly in the form of land development plans. Subdivided lands are entered into the land market cycle like a commodity, which results in an increase of almost one million percent in the price of land in the last 35 years in Zanjan city. The research method is an ex post facto(post-event) method. Library studies, questionnaires, and aerial photographs are used to collect information. Analytical aspect of the issue can be traced in explaining the results of applying laws on the physical aspects of the city, the price of land and housing, the formation of institutions responsible for the city development, and so on.

Social drivers provide the ground for the attraction of elites and the realization of the knowledge-based city as one of the important paradigms of the future city. The purpose of the present research is to synthesize the extensive literature regarding the influential social drivers in the development of urban innovation and knowledge-based hubs. The current research is a review in terms of its purpose, and its method is qualitative. The statistical community includes all the studies from the 1990s to 2022 (1223 sources). First, 892 sources were removed by reviewing the title, and 156 sources by reviewing the abstract. Then, the content of 175 sources was fully reviewed and analyzed, and finally, 43 articles were selected for final analysis. Cohen's kappa coefficient was equal to 0.733 with a significance level of 0.000, indicating the research's appropriate reliability. The research results show that the social drivers of innovation and knowledge-based hubs have five distinct consisting of sense of place, social capital, social integration, social well-being and socio-cultural development. Also, social drivers have 10 dimensions (including a sense of belonging to the community, social structure, infrastructure of knowledge workers, well-being, community structure, human capital, shared basis, form, image, function, and environment) and 31 components. In total, innovation and knowledge-based hubs have 115 indicators. The category of social integration includes 24% of all indicators. Other categories of sense of place, community capital, socio-cultural development, and human well-being comprise 33%, 20%, 12%, and 11% of the total indicators, respectively.

The intensification of social and economic inequalities in cities around the world has led to the emergence of new urban theories. Inclusive cities are of great importance due to their ability to improve the quality of life of all residents and reduce inequalities. This research aimed to identify the influential factors and how these factors influence each other, which in a way affect the future of the city of Sari and its inclusive status, so that by identifying these factors and driving forces, the necessary basis and context for efficient decision-making in the field of inclusive cities can be provided. Analyzing the structural relationships between indicators will reveal a clearer vision of the city's future. Data and information were collected in the form of documents and fieldwork. The statistical population of the study included 20 experts and specialists, and the sampling method was also carried out purposefully. MICMAC software (for cross-effects calculations) was also used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that urban planning and management indicators, land-based financing, access to financial resources, affordable land and housing, and public space reconstruction are key and effective indicators for realizing an inclusive city. Also, cross-effects calculations showed that the distribution of indicators in the coordinate diagram indicates the unsustainability of the inclusive city system of Sari.