Iranian Journal of Management Studies
Volume:18 Issue: 2, Spring 2025

This study aims to identify the factors that can determine Human Resource Information System (HRIS) readiness, in the context of technology readiness in Statistics Central Agency (BPS) as a public organization in Indonesia. This research is related to organizational readiness theory in terms of information technology support according to several references. The research was carried out using a cross-sectional survey with a quantitative approach, consisting of two stages of a questionnaire: first, open questions were posed to 126 respondents; secondly, closed statements were administered to 207 respondents. Questionnaires were randomly distributed to BPS employees throughout Indonesia at headquarters, provinces, and Regency/Municipality BPS Offices. Based on the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), two dimensions were extracted, namely "Perceptions of the HR System Characteristic" and "Perceptions of the HR System Sustainability." Moreover, this study suggests not only focusing on the development process of HRIS, as indicated by the first dimension, but also on maintaining HRIS in accordance with internal and external development processes.

Financial literacy is a key component of productive financial decision-making related to investment; an investor with sound financial knowledge can make better financial decisions. Therefore, this study aims to discover an association between financial literacy and investors’ decisions, particularly regarding Islamic banks in Pakistan. When people tend to invest, religiosity may play a significant role in decision-making. This study also examined how religiosity moderates investors’ decisions to invest in Islamic banks. A multi-group analysis was conducted to check the impact in detail. Questionnaires were used to collect data; out of 248 responses received, 218 were used to run the final statistical tests, and PLS-SEM was used. The findings indicate that financial literacy has a substantial influence on the intent to invest and is significantly associated with investment decisions in Islamic banks. Moreover, the outcomes revealed that although religiosity is a valid moderator, it does not have any impact on the intention to invest and investment decisions in Islamic banks. This research can help policymakers understand the significance of financial literacy in enhancing their productivity and investments from investors.

The dynamic environment of gastronomy firms in developing economies demands the implementation of strategies to enhance innovative performance. This study examines the mediation of realised absorptive capacity and customer orientation in the link between organisational creativity and innovative performance. Using a sample of 207 gastronomic firms in Arequipa (Peru) - a UNESCO Creative City of Gastronomy, the theoretical model was tested using Partial Least Squares structural equation modelling. The results indicate that organisational creativity positively impacts innovative performance, an effect amplified through realised absorptive capacity and customer orientation. The study extends theoretical insights on organisational creativity and innovative performance in gastronomic firms and enriches the dynamic component model by incorporating these mediators. Additionally, it deepens the understanding of open innovation theory by validating the model proposed, contributing to strategic approaches for fostering innovation in the gastronomic sector of developing economies.

Behavioral finance is the investigation of distortions and irregularities in the behavior of investors. Herding behavior, as an instance of such distortions, is not limited to investors alone, as corporate managers also exhibit this type of turmoil. The collective behavior of investors and managers can create asset bubbles, causes market inefficiencies, and slows the incorporation of new information into stock prices. It also causes managers to focus on short-term results at the expense of long-term value creation. Understanding these consequences is crucial for investors to make more informed decisions. The present study, using the composite data model from  2021 to 2024, selects and studies a sample of 156 firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange by the systematic elimination method. The results of this study indicate that the investors' herding behavior affects the expected returns of shareholders; however, the effects of the herding behavior of managers are not statistically significant.

The cultural tourism industry has undergone a significant metamorphosis driven by the emergence and integration of social media into mainstream marketing and consumer engagement. This paper investigates the development of a customized sales leadership model informed by the dynamics of social media within the cultural tourism context. Recognizing the influence of digital platforms on consumer decision-making and the planning of travel experiences, the study emphasizes the need for a strategic overhaul in marketing and sales leadership. Employing a qualitative research paradigm, in-depth thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with industry leaders revealed the central role of intelligent data-driven strategies, interactive storytelling, and innovative organizational culture. The study identifies social media as a critical sales technology that shapes effective sales strategies and pivots on the enhancement of customer experiences and satisfaction. A cutting-edge sales leadership framework emerges as crucial for bolstering competitiveness, capturing customer intelligence, and adapting to evolving sales techniques within the cultural domain. Ultimately, the findings illuminate the pathways through which cultural tourism enterprises can utilize social media to refine their sales approaches, optimize the tourist experience, and secure sustainable industry growth. With a high degree of respondent validation and methodological rigor, this research bridges a scholarly gap and provides actionable insights for cultural tourism operators, signaling towards an optimized digital future.

The current study investigates the effect of enterprise risk management (ERM) on the agility of capital structure (CSA) by considering the role of the board’s characteristics. The data from 124 publicly listed companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) between 2013 and 2022 were collected, and hypotheses were tested using a multivariable regression model. Flannery & Rang's (2006) model, and Aprelia et al. (2022) model were used to evaluate CSA and ERM, respectively. The results provide evidence of the usefulness of employing ERM in adjusting capital structure toward the optimal state, and that ERM mechanisms significantly enhance this agility. Additionally, the board's independence strengthens the impact of using ERM on the CSA. Therefore, it is suggested that companies by forming and strengthening the position of the risk committee could achieve the optimal capital structure and minimize capital costs. Moreover, independent managers will increase the agility of the movement toward the optimal state.

Job rotation is defined as workers rotating between tasks with different exposure levels and occupational demands. Implementing effective job rotation strategies poses challenges, especially in determining the optimal timing and sequencing of rotations to ensure that employees are suitably matched with job roles. Existing studies indicate that many expectations regarding job rotation have not been fully achieved, as the prediction and measurement of its impact on organizational and individual productivity have not been adequately researched. A critical factor influencing individual productivity is the fluctuation in employee performance, driven by the cyclical mental and physical characteristics of employees, known as biorhythms. Current job rotation models do not adequately address biorhythms, which are inherently difficult to predict. No methodologies have been proposed to model, analyze, or predict these fluctuations in the context of job rotation strategies. This research addresses this gap by developing an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm capable of modeling complex biorhythmic patterns derived from employee performance data. The proposed model refines job rotation strategies by optimizing the alignment between worker capacities and workstation demands. The method is also applied to an industrial case study, demonstrating its applicability and potential to improve overall operational efficiency.

The core aim of the current study is to examine the relationship between compulsory citizenship behavior and emotional exhaustion. It also covers the boundary condition of proactive personality. Data for the current study were collected from banking and IT employees in Pakistan, using a convenience sampling technique. In total, 278 filled responses were found suitable and used for analysis. The findings of the study reveal that compulsory citizenship behavior is positively related to emotional exhaustion, while proactive personality dampens this relationship. Implications and future directions of the study are also discussed.

This study raises concerns about the potential of Bitcoin as a new alternative investment. This article aims to analyze the properties of Bitcoin in terms of speculation, diversification, hedging, safe haven, and it is qualified as efficient in a well-diversified portfolio during the COVID-19 epidemic using the GARCH model, the DCC model -GARCH, and the BDS test for the period from March 1, 2019 to March 31, 2022. The results indicate that Bitcoin can play an important role in portfolio diversification and that it can serve as a speculative asset. However, the authors argue that Bitcoin is a safe haven, a hedge, and is efficient. The conclusions of our results have important implications for investors and market participants who are deeply concerned about investment strategies and risk management.

Considering the influential role of banks in balancing the supply and demand for available financial resources, banks must disclose the social and environmental aspects of their financing activities in addition to the financial information disclosure requirements. The primary purpose of the research is to identify the factors influencing the formulation of the sustainability reporting framework in the banking industry.

The current research is descriptive-survey type. Meta-composite qualitative analysis and fuzzy Delphi method are the data collection tools. In meta-composite qualitative analysis, concepts and critical indicators of sustainability reporting in the banking industry were extracted and classified by reviewing the relevant literature and interviewing experts. In the second step of the research, the fuzzy Delphi method was employed to confirm the validity of the concepts and critical factors of sustainability reporting.

The most significant motivating factor for conducting this research is the lack of suffiecient academic studies that seek to aggregate different sustainability criteria and provide a multi-dimensional measure of sustainability for the banking industry. This research provides a comprehensive framework for sustainability reporting in the specific banking industry.

This paper examines the impact of sociocultural constructs such as family orientation and religiosity on attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, which influence purchase intentions toward online food purchases. The study was conducted in two Indian cities: Hyderabad (South India) and New Delhi (North India). The target sample was selected using convenience sampling, and participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Relationships between these constructs were assessed using Structural Equation Modelling with SPSS AMOS version 26. Participants with higher religiosity showed unfavorable attitudes toward purchasing food through online retailers. Family orientation negatively impacted attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control regarding buying food online. However, participants with favorable attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control showed a higher intention to purchase food through online channels. The findings open up opportunities for managers to create awareness among consumers about the food delivery process to align with family values and religious beliefs.

This article investigates how technological businesses can resiliently exploit opportunities through their business capacity to reduce their vulnerability. We analyzed qualitative data derived from the real experiences of 19 technological firms that were involved in epidemic crises such as COVID-19. Using a qualitative approach, this article introduces a new framework comprising three fields: vulnerability, resilience, and opportunity. This paper first examines what factors lead to the vulnerability of businesses in epidemic crises such as COVID-19. Four levels of vulnerability (Individual, business, national, and international) were identified. Then, by focusing on the business resilience capacity and creating a link with the three perspectives of opportunity (allocative, discovery, and creative), it proposes strategies to reduce vulnerability. To reduce vulnerability, technological businesses are moving along a continuum from optimal resource allocation to opportunity creation based on their business capacities. In this spectrum, enablers and inhibitors are the factors that mediate the speed of their movement toward resilience and stability. This research links three perspectives of opportunity with business resilience during the epidemic crises and shows that technological businesses can reduce their vulnerability through absorptive capacity, adaptive capacity, and transformative capacity, and exploit opportunities accordingly. Since vulnerability assessment is a critical element in the field of disaster risk reduction and sustainability, this study contributes to the literature on sustainability and disasters.