نشریه مطالعات ادب اسلامی
سال سوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 7، پاییز و زمستان 1403)

The symbolic meaning of words is often used for natural phenomena and animals which have maintained their symbolic meaning through different eras; in order to fully understand their meaning, the mere consideration of their apparent meaning is not enough and one must discover their symbolic meaning. The present study was conducted using descriptive-analytical approach to investigate the symbolic meaning of the words “black” and “white” in the Holy Quran in relation to semantic relations including semantic inclusion, synonymy, and paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations. The results obtained from the present study showed that the colors of nature are divided into two general categories in the Holy Quran including melancholic colors which are dark colors, and joyful colors which are bright colors; in addition, black and white are among the colors used for sadness and happiness. Black color is used to denote to adversity and white color is used to denote to felicity, in terms of symbolic meaning, these words have hyponyms whose symbolic meaning is the same as black and white semantically. Also, their semantic connection with their hyponyms in terms of symbolic meaning shows the semantic coherence in the Holy Quran regarding the symbolic meaning of black and white words. It also indicates that these words have maintained their symbolic meaning in their structure and context; in some verses of the Holy Quran, they are synonyms and antonyms not only in their apparent meaning but also in their symbolic meaning. The paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations between these words is indicative of the coherence of the Holy Quran and the semantic relation between the symbolic meanings of the mentioned words.

Semiotic signs in the discourse process lead to the reconstruction of semantic operations. From semiotics point of view, signs are in interaction, opposition, adaptation and competition with each other, and during that, they form performance, state, tensive and existential discourse systems. Relying on semiotics approach, the present study tries to analyze existential signs in Ashbah sermon. Existence or the existential object is in the position between Dasein and Transcendence, and according to the context of the sermon, it achieves its perfection by passing through different Daseins. The goal of this research is to achieve the process of transferring meaning and passing semiotic signs from a negative state to a positive one. The results of this research are as follows: Simultaneously with the operation of discursive attachment or connection, the "I of the speaker" is placed in opposition between imperfection and perfection with the phenomenal presence of " انتت = God" and semantic transformation occurs; Borders and distances between Creator and creature are eliminated, and as a result, the negative state reaches the positive one, namely the transcendence of presence. In this discourse, the subject passes through tension-oriented semiotic signs in order to pass from the negative state to the positive state of Dasein. In the discourses related to the creation of the heavens, angels, and the earth, the intense and extent dimensions of meaning fluctuate and form increasing, decreasing, and ascending schemas that lead to semantic operations. Therefore; The functions of discursive detachment and connection and tension-centered signs in the Ashbah sermon, provide the process of transferring meaning to a positive state.

Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya is a valuable collection of the supplications of Imam al-Sajjad (peace be upon them) that have great importance from various religious and literary angles. One of the ways to uncover the meanings and the Imam’s messages hidden within them is to benefit from theories of linguistics and semantic fields. The semantic field consists of a group of close meanings or words that are characterized by the presence of common semantic elements or features, and thus the word acquires its meaning in its relationships with other words, because the word has no meaning alone, but rather its meaning is determined by examining it with the words closest to it within the framework of one group. The important turning point in the issue of semantic fields appeared at the hands of the German scientist (Trier), and for the Arabs, it began with the emergence of linguistic messages that collected existing words and expressions: such as horse messages, plant messages, and many others. The article seeks to explain the semantic fields of morals words in the Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya and highlight the aesthetics of the word. Imam Sajjad’s morals words were confined to two semantic circles: goodness and ugliness. The researcher also demonstrated the semantic relationships between the morals field in the Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, which is considered a mirror that reflects the contents of the literary text according to the creator. The researcher reached a descriptive analytical approach and achieved several results, the most important of which are: There are semantic relationships within every semantic field, and these relationships in no field do not deviate from the following: synonymy, inclusion or inclusion, the relationship of the part to the whole, opposition, dissonance, substitution, compatibility, and verbal conjunction. The semantic field of good morals in the Imam’s prostration sheet contained many circles, the circle of praise and gratitude coming at the top, and the frequency of many other words increased in varying proportions, including: apology, asking for forgiveness, honesty, chastity, kindness, secrecy, immunity, good speech, and asking. Covering, protection, supplication, etc. Imam's style is unique and distinct, as he chooses his words creatively and organizes them in a pleasant manner that affects the reader's hearing, in addition to his linguistic repertoire and his ability to find the most appropriate word.

The quasi-ring face of the connecting sides is considered a metaphor. The message of each metaphor is quasi-summarized. Therefore, based on it, the degree of innovation, creativity, artistry, purposefulness and conceptual style of each text can be inferred. Nahj al-Balaghah sermons have a unique method in word choice, literary style and rhetorical aspects. One of these components, the study of which can show another part of the genius of Imam Ali's (AS) theology and show the difference of this text with other literary texts, is similes from the perspective of the type of pseudo-face and its relation with similar and It's similar. Brooke Rose and Andre Gottli, two contemporary linguists on how to analyze the pseudonym and its relationship with the parties of the simile, believe that by examining the type of pseudonym and the quality of its interaction with the simile and the simile, the value of each simile can be measured in the text. The present discourse intends to evaluate the similes of Nahj al-Balaghah from the perspective of the opinions of the two mentioned linguists, leaving aside the repetitive topics of simile and what has been said in traditional rhetorical sources about the types of similes. Finally, it has been concluded that the similes of Nahj al-Balaghah are all functional and have a high imaginative and imaginative dimension, which serves to strengthen the thinking, intellect and guidance of human beings, and is completely far from the obvious, ordinaryism and ordinary descriptions.

Islam has become a reason for creating new concepts in literature, or a reason for reforming, approving, or confirming some contents. Poets of early Islam defended Islam with all their literary and military power, and the most prominent of these poets was Abdullah bin Rawahah. In this research, we investigated the impact of Islam on the poetry of Abdullah bin Rawahah and the level of his influence by Islam, then his critical view of some standards in pre-Islamic society and his tireless effort to reform them with the weapon of poetry and literature from the perspective of social criticism in accordance with the descriptive analytical approach. Through this research, we concluded that Abdullah bin Rawaha’s Islamic poetry is full of purely Islamic contents and concepts approved by Islam. One of the most important things that our poet addressed is the subject of martyrdom for the sake of God Almighty, in which he explains that the afterlife is the goal, and that this world, with its trappings, is a means to reach eternal bliss. He calls on everyone to follow the truth before it is too late, to be steadfast in working in it, and to be upright according to the mediators. In his poetry, Ibn Rawaha makes use of Islamic meanings that were not present in pre-Islamic poetry, such as intercession, angels, the message, resurrection, and... One of the most important features of the impact of Islam on his poetry is the reform of some poetic arts such as praise, lamentation, and satire, so these arts came with an Islamic character far from the harshness and abhorrent exaggeration of pre-Islamic times.

In the 20th century, when the views of some Westerners regarding the separate reading of the verses of the Qur'an were proposed, the connection and continuity of the verses, which were discussed in the past under titles such as order and the science of timing, were pushed towards the thematic unity of the surahs. In the last few decades, most of them have a linguistic approach and thinkers in the field of Quranic studies have explained the continuity of Quranic verses by using common and modern scientific methods. Neal Robinson is also among the Quran scholars who, based on a new approach and using rhetorical analysis, which is a method of text analysis, has shown the reverse and symmetrical structure of some long Madani surahs. Considering the importance of adopting linguistic methods in the analysis of the continuity of the text of the Holy Qur'an and the position of the subject in contemporary Qur'anic studies, as well as the lack of consensus on the Meccan and civility of Surah Mutafin, in the present study, an attempt is made to explain the possibility of the continuity of the verses of Surah Mutafin with The use of Neal Robinson's model should be investigated. After determining the sections of the surah, it is shown by the use of hook words that the consecutive sections are related to each other, and the governing structure of this surah is a symmetrical structure, and the pattern of reverse order in this surah is: A B B'A. Also, by relying on verbal signs and key words available with Robinson's analytical model, the Meccanness of Surah Motafafin is strengthened.

In the language of the Qur'an, the infinitives are used as raised and raised. The infinitive appointed and raised have a difference in meaning, sometimes raised is used as a news or starter, and sometimes as appointed as a substitute for the verb or emphasis of the present article with a descriptive method and using the "component analysis" model of meaning, to compare He has discussed the two structures of the infinitive Salam and Al-Naz' and their semantic difference in the Qur'an, and by comparing two selected translations from the literal and the semantic, he has tried to show how the translators have acted in the translation of the two infinitives, and whether for these two infinitives, especially for installed mode, have they achieved an exact equivalent in Persian language or not? The results of the investigation of these two infinitives show that one should not have the same judgment about the infinitives, both in terms of semantic function and in terms of translation. Salam indicates the beginning and salam indicates its response, and salam unlike salam is almost untranslatable. There was. Foladvand in the translation of Salam and Meibdi in the translation of the punishment had a better performance. The future study can be a part of the descriptive studies of the translation from Arabic, especially the verses of the Qur'an. In addition, the present study can be useful in explaining the challenges of translation from Arabic and providing some solutions to solve it.

Symbolism in modern poetry is a common feature among most poets, where the use of symbols varies from simplicity to depth, harmonizing with the intellectual sequence and contributing to enhancing the beauty of the poem, increasing its depth of meanings, and its powerful impact on the reader. Due to this importance, we decided to study the manifestations of symbolism in the poem "With My Soul, I Crave Your Tenderness" by the Saudi poet Luay Habib Al-Hilal. The poem has received acclaim and interaction from the audience, especially the enthusiasts, as it speaks about Lady Khadija, peace be upon her, and narrates the condition of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, after her loss in the year of grief. This study aims, according to the descriptive-analytical method, to analyze the symbols used in the poem, explore its cultural and historical context. The study revealed symbols related to religion, faith, love, loss, the symbolism of women, and their active role in life. One of the most important conclusions we reached is that Lady Khadija, peace be upon her, in this poem symbolizes dignity, strength, and support, while other religious figures symbolize patience, strength, and challenge, such as Lady Fatimah Al-Zahra, Imam Ali, and Qasim son of the Prophet, peace be upon them. As for religious and historical places like the Kaaba and the Shu'ab Abi Talib, they came to reveal the fundamental role played by Lady Khadija, peace be upon her, in the early days of Islam.

Mutakal Taha is one of the prominent contemporary Palestinian poets who has used his poetic art to create valuable works in the field of resistance literature and depicting the horrific events of the Palestinian land, and their sacrifices and struggles. His poetry is a picture of the steadfastness, freedom-seeking and struggles of the Palestinian people and the horrendous crimes of the Zionist occupiers. The poet, with an understanding of the sensitive atmosphere of his time, seeks to fulfill his social mission of raising awareness among the Palestinian people and continuing steadfastness until he achieves his aspirations. However, in the shadow of other great figures of resistance literature, he has not been introduced as he deserves and has been somewhat neglected. In this context, this research, using an analytical and descriptive method, explores the most important themes of resistance in his poetry. The findings of this research show that; With his rich poetic feeling and power of expression, he has been able to beautifully depict the sacrifices of the oppressed Palestinian people and keep the spark of hope alive in their hearts. Description of the savagery of the occupiers and the depiction of their crimes, hope for freedom and liberation and return, struggle and invitation to steadfastness, keeping the Palestinian Intifada alive and supporting it, opposition to dialogue and compromise with the occupiers, peace-loving, description of the hardships of prison and steadfastness in the face of it, depicting the pain and suffering of Palestinian children, betrayal and policies of Arab leaders to the Palestinian cause, raising awareness and warning against trusting the enemy, are among the most important themes of Mutakal Taha's poetic discourse.

This research will focus on Quranic texts that include dialogue between brothers related by blood, rather than brothers in other relationships. The aim of this article is to uncover the argumentative nature of the Quranic story and to illustrate its manifestations and forms through the dialogue between brothers, with the purpose of influence and persuasion. This study relies on a descriptive-analytical methodology, utilizing a pragmatic argumentative approach that describes the argumentative phenomena embedded in the Quranic story and analyzes and applies evidence according to the mechanisms of argumentative theory. The goal is to lead the recipient to accept submission and submission to God – the Almighty. Expected results of this study include: argumentative connections either contributing to the alignment and cooperation of arguments to achieve a single result, or the contradiction of arguments to achieve opposite results intended to be reached. The purpose of argumentative factors is to limit argumentative possibilities and constrain them. Rhetorical argumentation represents a mode of expression that enhances the ability to persuade. Division, or the breakdown of arguments into parts, is one of the most important rhetorical argumentative mechanisms in the story of the dialogue between brothers, especially in the words of the brothers of Yusuf (AS).

Jacobson, a Russian theorist, is one of the experts who has a complete view in the field of verbal communication. By relying on his approach, a comprehensive understanding of speech communication in a story can be achieved. In his theory, verbal communication has six emotional, persuasive, referential, meta-linguistic, empathic and literary components. The story of Hazrat Suleiman is one of the admonition-oriented stories and the element of dialogue has been assigned a high place in this story. The present research has analyzed the story of Hazrat Suleiman based on Jacobson's model with a descriptive-analytical method and explored the linguistic elements of Hazrat in verbal communication. The results of the research show that coherent verbal communication has been established in the story, and the emotional function of the Prophet was manifested in the use of mood adverbs, words and emphatic letters, depending on the audience's situation, and the Prophet used the persuasive function to inform the audience. In the meta-linguistic dimension, the codes are sometimes decoded without a time break and sometimes they are reopened in the next verses. Since his central goal was to guide and convey the message of divine truth, he mixed his words with literary arrays such as similes and metaphors so that the audience would be more receptive to his words.

This research has taken Sheikh Metwally Al-Shaarawy, one of the leading figures in contemporary interpretation in Egypt, as its subject, and his interpretation entitled “My Thoughts on the Holy Qur’an” as the subject of study and analysis. He sought to shed light on his position on the linguistic distinction between words with similar meanings, and from here came this research to stand on the linguistic differences in Al-Shaarawy’s interpretation, in which he took care to clarify the similar words in the Holy Quran, so he clarified the subtleties of Quranic words and their secrets by distinguishing between what is indicated by words that are thought to be synonymous due to the obscurity of their meanings. And the purpose of the research is to observe the differences and investigations and discover the meaning of the word and the purposes of the word, and the multiple meanings in the Qur'anic discourse in the light of this interpretation. And the research was based on the inductive method by following the discussions related to the linguistic distinctions of Al-Shaarawi, and the plurals and anthologies, and then the analytical method by analyzing the models and discovering the foundations of the Al-Manhazh of the Sheikh in explaining the linguistic differences between the Qur'anic words. And I added the search to my list of results; Except that he did not accept the occurrence of synonyms in the Qur'an, and he paid attention to linguistic differentiation, exclusivity, and guidance, and he believed that all words have own meanings