فصلنامه روان شناسی بالینی
سال شانزدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 63، پاییز 1403)

Academic procrastination is one of the psychological characteristics of students that causes emotional, behavioral and academic problems for them.The present study was conducted to determine the mediating role of perfectionism dimensions between Ego Strength and Academic Procrastination levels of students.

The type of research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the research included students of different grades of Kharazmi University who were studying in the academic year 2023-2024. In recent research 300 students filled out ESS (Ego Strength Scale), TMPS (Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale) and APS (Academic Procrastination Questionnaire) questionnaires as data collection measures. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-29 and Amos-28 software and the statistical method of structural equation modeling.

The findings of the research showed that Ego Strength directly and significantly predicts students' academic procrastination with an effect coefficient (β= 0.21*); In addition, ego strength had an indirect and significant effect on academic procrastination with a coefficient of -0.08, indirectly and through the mediation of perfectionism dimensions.

It can be concluded that personality traits such as ego strength and perfectionism dimensions can play a role in the variance of students' academic procrastination and should be taken into account in programs to improve performance and reduce procrastination.

Irritable bowel syndrome is one of the most well-known gut-brain interaction disorders and is characterized by symptoms of chronic abdominal pain along with changes in bowel habits. This disease has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and psychological well-being in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

The present study was descriptive-correlational using structural equation modeling. The statistical population was patients with irritable bowel syndrome who referred to Gastrointestinal Health Center, Alzahra Hospital in Isfahan city in year 2023. The sample size was selected based on Kline model and with convenience sampling of 300 patients. Using psychological well-being scale, cognitive flexibility inventory (CFI) and self-efficacy questionnaire data was collected. Using SPSS version 28 and AMOS software data were analyzed.

The results indicated that Problem solving process (sig= 0.001,β=.62) and perception of controllability (sig= 0.001, β=.49) predict psychological well-being and self-efficacy has a mediating role in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and psychological well-being.

The findings of this research have practical implications for therapeutic interventions focusing on cognitive flexibility and self-efficacy to improve the psychological well-being of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Opioid relapse remains one of the major challenges in the treatment of addiction. Effective therapeutic methods can play a significant role in reducing relapse rates. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in reducing relapse rates among individuals with opioid dependence. A quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and control groups was employed. The statistical population included individuals with opioid dependence who attended an addiction treatment center in Sarpol-e Zahab during the first half of 2017. Among eligible volunteers, 36 participants diagnosed with opioid dependence were randomly assigned to three groups of 12 (CBT, MBCT, and control). Data were collected using the Relapse Prediction Scale. The MBCT intervention consisted of eight 2-hour sessions, while CBT was delivered in twelve 90-minute sessions. Analysis revealed significant differences between the three groups in terms of their effects on craving intensity (η²= 0.36, p< 0.001), likelihood of substance use (η²= 0.41, p< 0.001), and the linear combination of craving intensity and likelihood of use (η²= 0.77, p< 0.001). The MBCT group showed significantly lower scores in craving intensity and likelihood of substance use compared to the CBT and control groups. Both CBT and MBCT are effective in reducing relapse among individuals with opioid dependence. However, MBCT demonstrated superior effectiveness, highlighting the importance of incorporating mindfulness-based interventions in addiction treatment programs.

The present study aimed to investigate the structural relationships between alexithymia and perfectionism with the mediating role of anxiety sensitivity in predicting obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in students. The design of this study is quantitative in nature. The research method is descriptive-correlational and was conducted through structural equation modeling. The statistical population in this study included all high school students in Khorramabad during the academic year 2023-2024. The sampling method used was cluster random sampling. The research instruments included the Revised Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R), the Perfectionism Inventory (PI), the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Descriptive findings were analyzed using SPSS26 software and inferential findings were analyzed using AMOS24 software. The direct effect of maladaptive perfectionism (β=0.36, p<0.001) and alexithymia (β=0.31, p<0.001) on obsessive-compulsive disorder was significant. Additionally, the direct effect of maladaptive perfectionism (β=0.43, p<0.001) and alexithymia (β=0.48, p<0.001) on anxiety sensitivity was significant. The indirect effect of maladaptive perfectionism and alexithymia on obsessive-compulsive disorder through the mediation of anxiety sensitivity was also significant (β=0.15, p<0.03 and β=0.168, p<0.001, respectively), and the model fit was confirmed. The results showed that maladaptive perfectionism and alexithymia significantly predict OCD symptoms through anxiety sensitivity. The conceptual model of the study had a good fit (CFI=0.98, RMSEA=0.05), indicating that the hypothetical structure of the model effectively explained the relationships between the variables. Therefore, psychological interventions aimed at reducing anxiety sensitivity and managing perfectionism and alexithymia can be effective in reducing OCD symptoms.

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of group schema therapy in reducing perceived rejection, social anxiety, and rumination in adolescents from divorced families. This study employed a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population consisted of all adolescents aged 14 to 18 from divorced families in Jowim County in 2023. 30 adolescents were selected based on inclusion criteria using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental (n= 15) or control (n= 15) group. The experimental group received group schema therapy intervention in ten 45-60 minute sessions. Data were collected using the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents, the Peer Rejection Scale, and the Ruminative Responses Scale. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results indicated that group schema therapy significantly reduced post-test mean scores of perceived rejection, social anxiety, and rumination in adolescents from divorced families (P< 0.05). Group schema therapy is an effective intervention for improving the psychological and relational problems of adolescents from divorced families.

Gender dysphoria is a psychological condition that presents individuals with identity challenges from childhood to adulthood. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Reality Therapy based on Choice Theory and Schema Therapy on dimensions of identity in individuals with gender dysphoria (transsexuals). The present study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, control group, and follow-up period. The population consisted of all individuals with gender dysphoria referred to the Mehtaa Association in Tehran in 2023. A purposeful sampling method was used to select 45 individuals who were randomly assigned to three groups of 15: Reality Therapy, Schema Therapy, and a control group. Data was collected using the Chick et al. (2000) Identity Dimensions Scale and analyzed using mixed-design ANOVA. The results showed that both Reality Therapy based on Choice Theory and Schema Therapy were effective in improving the personal and relational dimensions of identity in individuals with gender dysphoria but had no significant effect on the social and collective dimensions of identity. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the mean scores between the post-test and follow-up phases, and the effectiveness of the interventions was maintained during the follow-up period. The findings suggest that both Reality Therapy based on Choice Theory and Schema Therapy are effective in improving the dimensions of identity in individuals with gender dysphoria. Therefore, by employing the techniques of these two approaches, the dimensions of identity involved in gender dysphoria can be strengthened or preserved.

The study of the theoretical background and research literature suggest that negative emotion plays a significant role as a foundational factor in the pathology of emotional disorders. However, it seems that other variables such as mania and dysphoria are also involved in this relationship. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of negative affect, dysphoria and mania in predicting the signs and symptoms of emotional disorders.

The statistical population of this study included all students of Tabriz University who were studying between 2023-2024. For that purpose, a sample comprising 380 students were selected using available sampling. An online execution forms was prepared and participants completed Positive and Negative Affect Schedule- Expanded Form (PANAS-X), Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS), Nepean Dysphoria Scale (NDS), and Altman Self-Report Mania Scale (ASRM) via online forms. Data was analyzed by path analysis and multiple regression in SPSS V.24.

Results showed that negative emotion, dysphoria and mania positively and significantly predicted panic, social anxiety and depression.

Based on this, it can be concluded that traditional constructs in psychopathology, such as dysphoria and mania, still play an effective role in explaining the variance of emotional disorders, and relying only on negative emotions will have theoretical and clinical limitations in treatment. Because after the accurate identification of the effective factors in emotional disorders, it is possible to design suitable therapeutic intervention for each disorder.