فصلنامه روان شناسی و دین
سال هفدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 68، زمستان 1403)

The present study aimed to investigate the Effectiveness of Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on the Mental Health and Social Adjustment of Students (with an Emphasis on Religious Teachings). The research used the quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test and a follow-up period (3 months) including an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population included all female students in the second year of high school in Isfahan in the academic year 1401-1402. 40 students were randomly selected using cluster sampling method and were assigned to two experimental groups (20 students) and control group (20 students). The intervention program was administered for 8 sessions of 90 minutes. For data collection, the Goldberg and Hiller Mental Health Questionnaire (1979) and the Lambert et al. Adaptive Behavior Questionnaire (1974) were used. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS-23 software. The results showed that group education based on acceptance and commitment with emphasis on religious teachings has a significant effect on increasing the mental health and social adjustment of students (P<0.001).

Existential loneliness is among the main problems of couples with marital conflicts. Different ways can be envisaged to reduce this feeling. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of religious spiritual therapy training in reducing existential loneliness in couples with marital conflicts. The present study is quantitative and quasi-experimental. The statistical sample included 60 couples with marital conflicts in Shabestar city. The participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group (30 people) and control group (30 people). The content validity of the educational package was confirmed by 6 professors. A researcher-developed questionnaire on existential loneliness was used to collect data. The designed training program was implemented as an independent variable in 8 one-hour sessions. A post-test was administered to both groups after the training and a follow-up test was administered one month after the post-test to examine the stability of the intervention effect. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance in SPSS version 22. The results showed that the designed training package was effective in reducing existential loneliness in all 3 dimensions of meaninglessness, abandonment, and anxiety. As a result, religious spirituality therapy training can reduce some of the challenges in the lives of couples with marital problems, including their existential loneliness.

Children spending the first part of their lives in the orphanage are mostly deprived of supportive environments and are more at risk of behavioral problems such as aggression and antisocial behaviors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of teaching religious and spiritual beliefs on the social development of orphaned adolescents in Kerman. The research method is experimental (pretest-posttest design with control group) and the statistical population consists of over 200 adolescents living in the industrial orphanage of Kerman. 30 people were randomly selected as the sample group, 15 of whom were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group. Data were collected using the Wiseman Social Development Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using the covariance test. The research findings indicate that teaching religious and spiritual beliefs had an impact on the social development of adolescents in orphanages in Kerman city.

The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with an Islamic approach on dysfunctional attitudes and coping styles of students. The research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design and included an experimental group and a control group with a follow-up period (4 months). The statistical population included all second-year male high school students (5936) in Khoy city in the academic year 1402-1403. The statistical sample included 40 students selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling and divided into two experimental and control groups (20 people in each group). The data collection instruments were Weissman and Beck’s Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (1978) and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire of Lazarus and Folkman (1988). The intervention program of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with an Islamic approach was taught to the experimental group for 10 sessions of 90 minutes each. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with an Islamic approach was effective on the components of dysfunctional attitudes and components of coping styles (P<0.01). The effectiveness was also maintained at the 4-month follow-up. The results of this study confirm the usefulness and impact of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with an Islamic approach on students' dysfunctional attitudes and coping styles.

The aim of this research is to study the perception and understanding of Minab’s junior high school teachers of the concept of "religious identity" using the "phenomenography" method. The research population included junior high school teachers (with 15 to 25 years of experience) working in junior high schools in Minab city, Hormozgan province. Using the "purposive sampling" method, participants were selected and the data collection process continued until finally, based on the theoretical saturation model, 16 teachers were studied using a semi-structured interview. The data were examined using thematic analysis. After identifying categories, the main codes and their prominent themes, the internal and external horizons were drawn and the research result space was designed. In the conclusion section, the perceptions and experiences of working teachers were studied and identified using the “analysis” method. The perceptions of teachers were categorized into four main themes: “being a religious role model”, “building an identity”, “the ability to interact and communicate positively with others”, “the ability to influence the environment”, and “appearing in multiple roles while observing professional principles”.

Studies on the Quranic teachings about the role of emotions in rational activities and guidance indicate that emotions can play a role in both weakening rationality and guiding individuals through strengthening them. The Quranic approach to the relationship between emotions and certainty and their role in guiding individuals is thought-provoking. Using the descriptive-analytical method, in this article, an attempt is made to examine the teachings of the Holy Quran on the role of emotions in practical rationality and guidance and salvation of humans despite their knowledge and certainty. From the perspective of the Quran, there is no connection between certainty and guidance, and humans may act contrary to their certainty under the influence of various emotions. The power of emotions is great in the view of the Quran. Therefore, to reduce the weakening role of some emotions in rationality and guidance of individuals, the Quran uses the power of emotions and argues that strong emotions that reason creates must accompany knowledge and certainty.

Spiritual endurance is a relatively new variable that helps individuals overcome challenges throughout life. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the mediating role of spiritual endurance in the relationship between religious/spiritual conflicts and attachment to God. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive, correlational in terms of data collection. It has used structural equation. The research population includes all the students of the University of Isfahan, who were selected using the convenience sampling method. To estimate the sample size, the Morgan table was used and 380 people were selected. SPSS version 22 and path analysis were used to analyze the research data. The questionnaires of religious/spiritual challenges (Oxlin et al., 2014); spiritual perseverance (Ventungren et al., 2019) and attachment to God (Beck and McDonald (2004)) were used to collect data. The results of the study showed that religious/spiritual conflicts have a positive effect on spiritual perseverance. Religious/spiritual conflicts have a negative effect on attachment to God, and ultimately spiritual perseverance plays a mediating role in the effect of religious/spiritual conflicts on attachment to God. Spiritual perseverance can serve as a mediating factor for coping with conflicts, including religious/spiritual conflicts.