پژوهش نامه نظم و امنیت انتظامی
سال هفدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 67، پاییز 1403)

Smuggling of goods as a sinister social phenomenon has a significant impact on the economic security of countries and it is one of the important components of economic corruption, it is considered a global threat to economic security. The basic prerequisite for combating smuggling, is to identify the factors that lead to its formation. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors affecting the smuggling of goods and its effect on economic security.

The statistical population includes smugglers with a history of goods smuggling in Hormozgan province, who were selected as a sample by a total number of 200 people using a targeted and available sampling method. This research was done by survey method and using questionnaire technique that validity of the questionnaire was measured by the formal method and its reliability was measured with the help of Cronbach's alpha statistic. After collecting the questionnaires, the data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software. First, the tables related to hypothesis testing were calculated, and then the prediction equation related to the relationship between independent variables affecting goods smuggling and economic security was calculated.

The results of the research showed that social, cultural, structural, executive-management, geographical factors as well as economic security indicators (political stability, legal system health, administrative system health, political violence) have an effect on goods smuggling. In the step-by-step regression analysis, after entering all the variables, finally seven variables which include the variables of political stability, health of the legal system, geographical factors, social factors, health of the administrative system, cultural factors and structural factors were entered into the regression equation and with According to the coefficient of determination (R2), these variables explained 96.6% of the changes in the dependent variable.

It can be said that with the increase in the smuggling of goods, the health of the legal system, the health of the administrative system and political stability will decrease and on the other hand, with the increase in smuggling, the amount of political violence increases. Therefore, the existence of economic pressures, inconsistent administrative system, weakness in the support, monitoring and law enforcement system can be the main factors in the increase of goods smuggling and consequently have major effects on economic security.The results of the research showed that there is a significant relationship between factors of social, cultural, structural, executive-management and geographical with the smuggling of goods. Also, there is a significant relationship between economic security indicators (political stability, legal system health, administrative system health, political violence) and goods smuggling. In the step-by-step regression analysis, after entering all the variables, finally seven variables which include the variables of political stability, health of the legal system, geographical factors, social factors, health of the administrative system, cultural factors and structural factors were entered into the regression equation and with According to the coefficient of determination (R2), these variables explained 96.6% of the changes in the dependent variable.

the police force, as the body that has the most contact with the people, needs to acquire the necessary skills in order to achieve the goals of the organization, which of course is to maintain the order and security of the country, and in this regard, police women are no exception to this rule and acquire Skills are mandatory for them, so a mechanism should be developed so that these skill trainings are analyzed in order to progress according to the organizational goals. In fact, analysis makes the results of the evaluations to be presented to the members and employees and their activities are carried out correctly. to be
In terms of purpose, the current research is applied and is included in the survey studies, and in terms of the method of data collection, it was done using a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) method. The statistical population of the commanders and managers employing female officers in the specialized jobs of police awareness throughout the city of Tehran - the professors of specialized courses in triads - the line commanders of the Kausar complex - the designers of triads courses in Amin University of specialists, using the sampling method were selected purposefully.
The findings showed that in relation to the triangulation theory, four categories (educational needs assessment, educational design and planning, educational implementation, and educational evaluation) are the process dimension categories of the pathological pattern of skills training in female police officers. There are also damages outside the training process that have disrupted the effectiveness of skills training activities. In this context, two general dimensions of method and content were considered.
The results showed that female police officers’ skills training is damaged in the method dimension. This dimension consists of three categories: the lack of an integrated system for managing skills training in Faraj, the existence of a centralized and inefficient organizational structure in the educational, administrative, and financial sectors, and the lack of appropriate implementation mechanisms to maximize the use of potential capabilities.

 The purpose of this research is to design a model of self-care for employees of the police command of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Self-care means conscious, acquired and purposeful activities that people do in order to preserve life and provide, maintain and improve their health.

The research is applied in terms of purpose, mixed in terms of the nature of the data, and exploratory in terms of the implementation method. In the qualitative part, semi-structured interview and data base theory have been used. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research was the police chiefs of different provinces, 15 of whom were purposefully selected based on the principle of opinion saturation. The statistical population in the quantitative section was all the employees of the police command of Ardabil province, 335 of whom were selected based on the available non-random sampling method.

The findings show the self-care pattern of the employees of the police command of the Islamic Republic of Iran under the categories of self-confidence and organizational trust, self-awareness, personal and professional goals, adaptive intelligence and emotional regulation, independence in decision-making, self-care, reward and encouragement system, organizational support, learning and development opportunities, Employability and exercising responsibility, organizational culture, effective leadership, creating a safe environment and accepting mistakes, attention to health, relaxation and stress management, and constructive communication were categorized and fit in terms of validation (p<0.05).

Finally, creating educational and awareness programs, improving the level of internal communication of the organization, establishing a balance between work and personal life, providing psychological support services, planning and regular follow-up of the health and hygiene of employees, and periodic assessment of the satisfaction and psychological level of employees can lead to the development of self-care of law enforcement officers.

 The improvement and reconstruction of organizations starts with the pathological stage and then enters the active intervention stage. Injuries, if they are not recognized correctly and in time, and related treatment prescriptions are not complicated for them, will bring the organization to face many problems. Therefore, the main goal of this article is the pathology of in-service training courses in the Preventive Police Training Complex of the Police Command of the Islamic Republic of Iran. 

This research was conducted in terms of objective, applied type, and in terms of quantitative method, descriptive survey type and positivist paradigm. The statistical population includes 5000 employees who have participated in Faraja Prevention Police Training Complex in 1402. Its statistical sample was considered to be 360 ​​people based on Cochran's formula. The method of stratified random sampling and the data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, whose content validity was confirmed using the opinion of organizational experts and its validity was confirmed as 0.98 through Cronbach's alpha test. Inferential tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-sample t and Friedman's rank test) were used for statistical analysis of the obtained data.

The findings of this research showed that in-service training courses were accompanied by a variety of injuries and significant statistical results were obtained in this regard. Behavioral injuries have the highest value with 2.24 and contextual injuries have the lowest value with 1.86. 

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the educational courses implemented by this educational complex have educational disadvantages. Therefore, in order to improve the current situation and improve the quality of educational processes, there is a need to revise and adjust the future prevention policies and training programs of the police by implementing the research proposals.

 Despite challenges such as the need for increased security in places and sports spaces, citizens are still interested in sports. The aim of this study was to explore the components of police performance management in securing the public sports places and spaces of Kish Island.

This research is descriptive (cross-sectional and applied) and field-based. The statistical population of this study was all police personnel working on Kish Island. The sampling method was stratified (based on military rank) and accessible, with a total of 196 samples selected. A researcher-made questionnaire, including 8 components, was used to collect data. The face and content validity of the research tool was confirmed by sports management professors, and the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed based on Cronbach’s alpha test 0.78. All descriptive and inferential statistical calculations were performed using SPSS (version 25) software.

Eight components of cultural and educational factors, equipment and facilities, prevention, laws and planning, management, information supervision, human resources, budget and finance were effective in providing and feeling security in sports places and spaces, respectively.

The Security guards, and institutions responsible for managing and securing sports spaces and venues must cooperate with each other and based on the eight components examined in this research, strive to maintain and enhance the security of these spaces. The police, as the most important organization for establishing security, not only ensure security through these indicators but also reduce social abnormalities and strengthen the sense of security in sports places and spaces.

 One of the important features of the 20th century is population density in cities, economic and social segregation in the outskirts of cities and the formation of the phenomenon of marginalization and the spread of social and urban harms. In this research, while investigating the marginal areas of Father, Sar Asiyab, Sidi and Kerman city, it aims to investigate the environmental, cultural, social and management situation based on the sociological analysis of informal settlements in these areas.

This research is of the type of applied research of the type of combined research (qualitative + quantitative) . The statistical population of this research is in a quantitative part with a sample size (N=380) of the residents of the outskirts of Kerman and the tool of this research is a researcher-made questionnaire with a reliability of 0.98. Data analysis was done using spss22 statistical software. Correlation tests (Pearson) and regression tests have also been used for more certainty. In the qualitative method, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 20 experts and city officials of Kerman, using a targeted cluster sampling method until theoretical saturation.

The study indicates that the most important factors affecting the marginalized areas of Kerman city are the environmental factor with a correlation coefficient of (0.115) and a significance level of (0.021), the cultural and social factor with a correlation coefficient of (-0.001) and a significance level of (0.997), and the managerial factor with a correlation coefficient of (0.032) and a significance level of (0.403).

The results showed that the most important factors affecting the tendency to migrate to satellite towns around Kerman city are: lack and insufficiency of medical facilities and services, lack of leisure spaces, and lack of a sense of complete security; Therefore, it seems that improving the criteria and indicators of a healthy city in new cities, towns, and satellite settlements, with an emphasis on three cultural, social, and managerial indicators, can have a significant impact on reducing the tendency of households living in satellite settlements. Keywords: informal settlements, marginalization, migration