Journal of Archives in Military Medicine
Volume:13 Issue: 1, Mar 2025

The widespread use of the internet has resulted in both beneficial and detrimental effects on adolescents and young adults globally. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to examine the prevalence of problematic internet use (PIU) among Iranian adolescents following the COVID-19 pandemic.

We conducted a systematic search using electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, covering the period from January 1, 2020, to January 1, 2025. The search focused on studies examining the prevalence of internet addiction among students aged 13 - 18 years in Iran following the coronavirus epidemic. Data from these studies were analyzed using meta-analysis methods, employing the meta-prop command in STATA-17, and results were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The I-squared test was used to identify heterogeneity between studies.

The meta-analysis results indicate that the prevalence of PIU among Iranian adolescents post-COVID-19 pandemic is 31% (95% CI: 17% to 45%). This finding represents a significant increase compared to pre-pandemic studies. High heterogeneity (I 2 = 99.43%) was observed among the studies, potentially due to variations in study populations, measurement tools, and temporal changes throughout the post-pandemic period.

The findings underscore the urgent need for culturally tailored interventions to address PIU among Iranian adolescents. Recommendations include developing effective prevention strategies, enhancing parental guidance, and implementing educational programs to promote healthy internet use. Future research should focus on understanding the long-term impacts of increased internet use and developing targeted interventions to mitigate associated risks.

Providing guidance and counseling services by advisors provides students with appropriate solutions to solve problems, which increases insight, growth of social relationships, and greater efficiency of the educational and training system.

This study was conducted to investigate the duties and performance of advisors from the perspective of students at Shahroud University of Medical Sciences.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted using a stratified random sampling method on 336 students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2023 - 2024. To collect data, a demographic information checklist and a questionnaire on the duties and performance of consulting professors by Ebrahimi Pour et al. were used. After collection, the data were entered into SPSS18 and analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics.

In this study, a total of 336 people participated in the study, with the average age of the participants being 21.25 ± 1.70 years, most of the participants were female (59.8%), 201 were in the 18 - 21 age group (61%), 311 were single, 116 were in the medical field (34.5%), 122 were in the medical school (36.3%), 211 were in the undergraduate level (62.8%), 300 were in the full-time program (89.3%), 255 were non-native (75.9%), and the duration of counseling was between 0-12 months (87.5%). And except for age group and tasks (0.288), faculty and performance (0.027), section and performance (0.317), and the duration of counseling and tasks (0.071), there was no significant relationship, and there was a significant relationship between the other variables and the mean, standard deviation of the task score 73.27 ± 15.92 and the lowest score was 20 and the highest score was 100. In the case of performance, it was 27.38 ± 7.91 and the lowest score was 14 and the highest was 42.

Although most students were satisfied with the duties and performance of the advisors, it is still necessary to achieve the desired goals and maintain the conditions, and to provide various facilities to provide better advisory services.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains a significant mental health challenge among veterans, with traditional treatments often yielding mixed results. Emerging research suggests that psychiatric service dogs may serve as valuable therapeutic adjuncts. However, longitudinal studies examining their effectiveness in PTSD management remain limited.

This study investigates the impact of psychiatric service dog partnerships on PTSD symptoms, depression, social functioning, and overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among veterans, compared to usual care alone.

A longitudinal study was conducted with 190 veterans diagnosed with PTSD, comparing those paired with psychiatric service dogs (n = 95) to a waitlist control group (n = 95). Participants completed standardized assessments measuring PTSD severity, depression (PHQ-9), HRQoL, and social engagement at baseline, 1-month, and 3-month follow-ups. Difference-in-differences (DiD) regression analysis was applied to assess changes over time between groups.

Veterans with service dogs demonstrated significant reductions in PTSD symptom severity at both 1-month (P = 0.002) and 3-month (P = 0.001) follow-ups, compared to the waitlist group. Depression scores improved more significantly in the service dog group (DiD Coef. = -3.07, P < 0.001), with corresponding increases in social participation and HRQoL measures. No significant differences were found at baseline between groups, confirming comparability.

Findings suggest that psychiatric service dogs provide meaningful mental health benefits for veterans with PTSD, particularly in reducing symptom severity and improving overall well-being. These results support the potential integration of service dog partnerships as complementary interventions in PTSD treatment plans. Future research should explore long-term outcomes and optimize service dog training models for veteran-specific needs.

Psychosis, characterized by a person’s detachment from reality, is one of the most controversial symptoms experienced by humans. Empathy is a complex and multifaceted concept that is considered a crucial component of effective relationships.

The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a tool designed to measure caregivers’ empathy toward patients with psychotic disorders.

This study employed a methodological research design, utilizing a cross-sectional approach. In the first phase, after the initial design of the scale using the Polit approach based on existing literature and tools, the second phase involved the validation process of the tool. Construct validity was assessed through factor analysis with the participation of 300 caregivers of patients. To examine the reliability of the tool, internal consistency and stability were assessed.

After forming the item pool with 120 items in the first stage, 60 items were eliminated based on experts’ opinions. During validation, the number of items was reduced to 21. After performing principal component analysis (PCA) and Promax rotation, five factors with an explained variance of 55.86% were extracted. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.804, confirming good internal consistency, and the intraclass correlation of 0.951 indicated that the tool has acceptable stability.

The data from the present study indicate that the developed tool is accurate, valid, reliable, and culturally appropriate; thus, it can be used to measure the extent of empathy in caregivers of patients with psychotic disorders.

While the growth of communications and technology has provided opportunities in various fields, such as speeding up work and reducing distances, it can also pose a threat. Dependence on mobile phones can lead to a sense of loneliness and undesirable social support.

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between excessive use of mobile phones and social loneliness in the student community.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted using cluster sampling on 384 students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Data were collected using demographic information questionnaires, the Harmful Use of Mobile Phones Scale, and the Adult Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale. After collection, the data were entered into SPSS18 and analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics.

The results showed that the total mean of the emotional and social loneliness questionnaire was 34.31 ± 8.98. An inverse relationship was observed in all areas of loneliness, except for family loneliness, with excessive use of mobile phones. Only the inverse correlation between excessive use of mobile phones and romantic loneliness was statistically significant. A positive and strong correlation was observed between excessive use of mobile phones and depression score. There was an inverse relationship between the social loneliness score and factors such as student age, educational level, marital status, birth order, mother's age and years of education, father's age, father's years of education, and excessive use of mobile phones. Additionally, there was an inverse relationship between excessive use of mobile phones and marital status with students' loneliness; as mobile phone use increased, the feeling of loneliness decreased, and as students' status changed from single to married, the feeling of loneliness also decreased.

Given the relationship between some subgroups of social loneliness and demographic variables with mobile phone use, researchers and psychotherapists should control these factors to improve the quality of life and mental health of students.

Nurses are among the most vulnerable individuals on the front line of patient care, and burnout is a psychological crisis caused by prolonged exposure to workplace stressors. Religious beliefs help individuals cope with stressful workplace events.

Therefore, the present study aims to examine the association between resilience and occupational burnout with religious orientation in nurses working in acute respiratory departments of hospitals in Kermanshah.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted among nurses working in Kermanshah hospitals in Iran during 2020 - 2021. A total of 180 nurses were selected using an available sampling method. The study utilized a demographic information questionnaire, a religious orientation questionnaire, a resilience questionnaire, and a burnout questionnaire.

The mean and standard deviation of religious orientation were 55.07 ± 8.15, while the severity of burnout was estimated at 68.86 ± 20.51. Based on the results of the Pearson correlation coefficient, religious orientation had a significant positive relationship with resilience (r = 0.58), positive acceptance of change in secure communications (r = 0.38), control (r = 0.59), and spiritual effects (P < 0.001). Moreover, religious orientation had a significant negative relationship with both the severity and frequency of burnout (P < 0.001).

Religious orientation is a predictor of burnout and resilience in nurses and other healthcare personnel. Therefore, it is recommended that these individuals cultivate spirituality and strengthen religious attitudes in critical situations to reduce workplace stressors and enhance resilience.

Policymakers are increasingly prioritizing social justice in health, with the WHO's "Determinants of Health" framework advocating for equitable health distribution. Social factors such as income, education, and living conditions play a significant role in health outcomes, including cancer.

This study examines the relationship between social determinants of health and the survival rate of brain tumor patients at Shahid Bahonar Hospital in Kerman, Iran, in 2019.

This cross-sectional study included 363 brain tumor patients, collecting data on demographics, treatment, and social factors. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with survival rates analyzed through Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models.

The mean age of the patients was 45.6 years, and 53.7% were male. Education, employment, family size, treatment type, and place of residence significantly influenced survival rates. Higher education was associated with longer survival, and employed patients had better survival rates than unemployed individuals. Additionally, smaller family size and combination therapy were linked to improved survival, while urban residents had longer survival compared to those in rural areas.

The study highlights the importance of addressing socio-economic disparities to improve brain tumor patient outcomes. Ensuring equitable access to diagnosis and treatment for all individuals is crucial for reducing health disparities and enhancing survival rates.

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