فصلنامه برنامه ریزی رفاه و توسعه اجتماعی
پیاپی 60 (پاییز 1403)

The method of conducting the research is mixed exploratory and to answer the questions, the method of topic analysis and topic network has been used. In data collection, using targeted sampling, 12 development governance managers in the country were interviewed. Specialized committee meetings, reports received from high-level documents, international comparative study, interviews, observations and personal notes were used as research sources. After collecting the data, the coding of the data was done and after checking the extracted codes, the similar and common items were organized in the form of a single theme.

261 basic themes were obtained. Four overarching themes and 19 organizing themes were assigned and the institutional model of the banking industry's place in development governance was presented in the form of a theme network.

The effect of financial development on the country's growth is positive and statistically significant. The variable coefficient of financial development from the bank credit channel is greater than the capital market channel. The results show that good governance strengthens the effect of financial development on growth by improving the conditions of resource allocation, and the effectiveness of financial development to realize economic growth increases with the improvement of the level of governance.

According to North's new theory of social order, governments have a facilitator role in development. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the welfare policies of the 9th and 10th governments and to compare it with the concepts of this theory by examining library documents and reports from journals and authoritative scientific articles using a descriptive-analytical method. The findings of this research showed that despite the dominant role of the aforementioned governments in the field of social policy including housing, it faces criticisms such as its low quality and resistance. Additionally, despite the social insurance of about 39 million people, a large part of the country's population is still not insured. Also, the share of health expenditure and education credits was 1.8 and 3 % of the GDP, which is far from the global standards. The general conclusion is that due to the lack of attention to the components of the North, instead of a facilitative role in the process of social welfare, the government played a centralized role with a view from top to bottom along with a limited access order to create benefits for the elite due to the strengthening of the social base. Also, the non-participation of civil institutions in this field led to the lack of balanced social development and the failure of the aforementioned governments to achieve social justice.

Considering the close relationship between social policies and the increase or decrease of social cohesion, this article seeks to answer the question of what relationship (increasing and positive or erosive and negative) the policy of targeting subsidies can have with social cohesion in Iran? For this purpose, the opinions of citizens on the Instagram social network (April 2017 to the end of August 2023) as well as the published opinions of experts in this field have been analyzed. Sampling of Instagram data was multi-stage. Also, experts' opinions (189 sources including articles, interviews, media meetings and newspaper notes) have been counted and analyzed in this regard. Based on the theoretical implications of the research and the qualitative analysis of the opinions of the users of, as well as the views of experts, the following themes were reached: "short-term policymaking", "state-nation conflict", "supporting the policy", "subsidies' ineffectiveness" and "dual interpretation of fair distribution". Also, a three-dimensional model of social cohesion in relation to the policy of targeting subsidies (including "vertical trust", "inequality assumption" and "social polarization") was presented. According to this research, although selective cash support at the beginning of the introduction and implementation of the policy, increases trust and improves the relationship between the government and the nation, it causes discrimination, protest, tension and, as a result, a decrease in social cohesion.

The situation of health and life expectancy among the people of a particular society is a criterion of that country's tendency to provision health goods and services. Governments can be effective in improving life expectancy by spending more share of the budget on these areas. Despite the importance of this issue in the development of countries, some of them need the help of international organizations, including the United Nations, due to lack of financial and capital resources or low quality of investment in the health and service sectors. The United Nations has taken effective steps in order to provide Official Development Assistance to various countries according to Millennium Development Goals. Due to the importance of this issue, this study examines the impact of formal per capita development aids and education on life expectancy in selected countries of the Eastern Mediterranean region during the period 2000-2019 by using FMOLS and DOLS estimators.The results indicate that Official Development Assistance Per Capita, education, health expenditures, and GDP have had a positive and significant impact on the life expectancy index in this paper. Also, the research findings indicate a negative and significant effect of maternal mortality rate on life expectancy in these countries. Keywords: Net Official Development Assistance Per Capita (ODAPC), Education, Life expectancy index, Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO)

 Social happiness is a set of individual and social conditions that cause people to have positive attitudes towards the environment that surrounds them. This research was conducted with the aim of "investigating some factors affecting the social happiness of students" using a survey method. The sample size of 400 people was determined and the samples were selected using stratified random sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect research data. The mean social happiness of the students was 2.31 (from 1 to 5). The findings of two-variable analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables of security feeling, social health, feeling of injustice, social capital, feeling of relative deprivation, the amount of use of cyberspace, feeling of social alienation, and religious adherence with the social happiness of students. However, there was no significant relationship between the age and social happiness of students. Also, there is a significant difference in the social happiness of students according to their sex and marital status. The results of the multiple regression analysis also showed that except for the variables of feeling of relative deprivation, marital status, security feeling, social capital and the amount of use of cyberspace, other independent variables were removed from the regression equation. These variables have been able to explain 28% of the variance of the dependent variable of social happiness.

Rural women's microcredit funds are often considered as one of the important mechanisms for empowerment. In this study, it has been tried to identify and discuss the empowering dimensions and challenges of these funds based on the experience of women benefiting from these credits, as well as their proposed solutions to reduce or adjust the challenging funds of these activities. Based on this, after the participatory observation of the studied field, in-depth interviews were conducted with ten rural women. The women studied in this research had at least two and at most 5 years of membership in their village fund. The data obtained from these interviews were analyzed by maxqda software and with thematic analysis technique under the three main categories of empowering dimensions, challenges and solutions. The themes obtained in the empowering dimensions section refer to the ability to attract investors, increase bargaining power, increase social capital, the extent of communication network and elimination of middlemen .The findings of the challenges section were also identified under the two subheadings of individual and structural challenges, and finally, were proposed solutions such as creativity-oriented ability, the need to improve skills, determining the limits of government intervention, prioritizing production tools and paying attention to comparative advantage to improve the performance of the microcredit fund rural women.

The low-income housing policy in Iran cannot meet the housing needs of the target groups and the problem of housing aggravates by the day. Therefore, there should be a major revision in the process of policy-making, management and planning. The present research was carried out through one-to-one interviews, discourse analysis, and interpretive structural modeling, and 41 experts participated in this study. The policy of low-income housing has not been successful and it needs structural and radical modifications. In order to have a successful policy, 1. All sciences must be included in the process of policy-making, 2. Land policy-making must be modified, 3. Housing policy must be made in every province separately, 4. Main modifications are required in the tax and tenancy system, 5. The vacant houses should enter into consumption cycle. Generally, the present article describes the low-income housing policy and provides propositions to modify the content of the policies. The policy of low-income housing has not been successful and it needs structural and radical modifications. In order to have a successful policy, 1. All sciences must be included in the process of policy-making, 2. Land policy-making must be modified, 3. Housing policy must be made in every province separately, 4. Main modifications are required in the tax and tenancy system, 5. The vacant houses should enter into consumption cycle.

One of the most important causes of family Breaking and instability is disputes within the family. The aim of the present study is to survy the sociological factors affecting disputes within the family during coronary quarantine. The research method was survey-analytical, it was an individual analysis unit and data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with a reliability of 79.9%. The statistical population were of men and women refer to the Dispute Resolution Council.According to Krejcie Morgan table, 180 people were selected by available sample method. Correlation coefficient findings showed that economic, social, cultural, emotional factors, adherence to health protocols and parent-child relationships were significantly associated with disputes within the family. children's inattention to health protocols has had the greatest impact on their differences with their parents.Multiple regression showed that these factors have the ability to predict the variance of disputes within the family.Path analysis showed that economic factors had the most direct impact (0.374) and cultural factors had the most indirect impact (4.393) on disputes within the family. Also, economic factors and parent-child relationships were the most affected by other variables. The results showed that conflict and map overlap affect disputes within the family during the corona and require re-learning and revision.

In various studies, growth has been seen as a function of labor and capital, These two factors account for about 50 percent of economic growth. On the other hand, growth endogeneity is an issue raised by Romer et al. The present article examines the process of per capita income convergence in a set of 16 border provinces of the country for the period 2000-2019 with special attention to the role of social capital as a preparatory factor by the data panel method. According to the results, convergence is a function of factors such as accumulation of human capital, accumulation of physical capital and social capital. Different dimensions of social capital have different growth effects based on the level of development of the border province. Therefore 1- Trust (inverse per capita number of lawsuits related to issuing misplaced checks, embezzlement and bribery). 2. Participation (turnout rate) also controls different stable states between countries. The per capita income growth rate coefficient in the last 5 years is meaningless and since the convergence coefficient is not significant, as a result of this model is not convergent and there is always a stable difference in terms of per capita income between the border provinces of Iran. And the current levels of human, social and physical capital cannot be effective in reducing the difference in income levels of border provinces.

The subjective well-being of immigrants in the host society and what factors affect it, including social exclusion, is one of the basic problems of social sciences in recent years. Subjective well-being refers to people's emotions, perceptions, cognitions, and life experiences of each person. The study examines the relationship between perceived social exclusion and subjective well-being.This research has been done by survey method. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire administered to a sample of 380 Afghan immigrants 15-59 years old, living in Shiraz, who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. It was observed that in general, the subjective well-being of immigrants has been moderate to high and the rate of social exclusion in this study was moderate. The correlation test revealed that greater feelings of social exclusion and poor subjective well-being are associated and vice versa. Further, the result showed that social exclusion and its two dimensions of social participation and material deprivation were significant predictors of the outcome variable on subjective well-being.The perceived social exclusion in the host society is related to immigrants' assessment of their present and future lives. In order to reduce the feeling of being neglected and increase the sense of well-being in the immigrants' communities, designing community-based interventions to solve the mental health and social health issues is mandatory.

Considering the continuation of the problem of Ilamian women suicide in the past years, this article tries to deal with the variable of University Entrance in Reducing Suicidal Tendencies in Ilamian Female Students. The theoretical approaches of social pressure, human and gender development, and identity Reflexive have been used to formulate hypotheses. The statistical population are Ilamian Female Students, the sample size is 384 according to the unlimited population, based on Cochran's formula. Data collection have done through an online questionnaire and have analyzed using SPSS and Lisrel software. The findings show that entering the university through increasing access to equal opportunities and human development indicators; The reduction of social pressure and rethinking of girls in their gender identity has affected the reduction of suicidal. To the extent that women and girls improve in terms of human development indicators they are equally successful in reducing social pressure, and are less likely to be drawn to thoughts such as the desire to commit suicide. The link between the university (especially related fields) and the society, especially with women who are vulnerable, using the university as a thinking room for the formulation of guidelines or the socio-cultural application of interventions to reduce suicide and increase the empowerment of women and girls by organizations in charge, are the suggestions of this research to reduce the problem of suicide.

Socialprogress is considered to be the ability of human societies to meet their needs, achieve well-being and use their members' opportunities in life.This feature can be realized by activating active mechanisms,that is, socialdemands.In case of dispersion of demands,It will be associated with the possibility of abnormality and mutual destruction of the society and the government.Socialsecurity is defined as one of the most important sociological mediators in accelerating or delaying socialprogress.The aim of the current research is to empirically examine the direct and indirect relationship between socialdemand and social progress through social security based on theories such as social development, reflective demand and communicative action.The current research is done quantitatively and with the secondary analysis method.Data related to social,different independent social demand and social security mediator from officially recognizable data from the websites of Social Development Organization,World Bank,LegatumandShiller Government from2011 to2020 for four countries of Iran,Saudi Arabia,Iraq and UAE,all of which have common economic and religious characteristics,has been compiled.Despite confirming the validity and reliability of the mentioned variables,in the present research, the convergent and divergent validity has been confirmed again with the method of confirmatory factor analysis of Cronbach's alpha indices Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling method in SPSS27 and Smart Pls3 software.The results show that citizens' social demands have a direct and indirect relationship with social progress through the mediation of social security