فصلنامه مطالعات بین رشته ای دانش راهبردی
پیاپی 57 (زمستان 1403)

Managers always play an important and vital role in organizations.the influence of outstanding managers on organizational success is undeniable. On the other hand, the quick response to the threats and opportunities of today's period has raised the manager as a vital resource in solving problems in organizations. Based on this, one of the most important concerns of country officials in different societies is the design of a suitable education and training system for managers of organizations. The aim of this research is to achieve the desired system of education and training of strategic managers. This research is applied in terms of purpose and exploratory in terms of nature, and in terms of research method, it is a descriptive-survey type of research. The data collection tools are library studies and document review; This means that the collection of books, theses, domestic and foreign articles and databases related to the research topic were examined and the dimensions and elements of the education system were identified. Then, the research questionnaire was designed and presented to the experts to measure the research tool, and its validity was determined to be 93.1 and its reliability was determined to be 0.96. Based on the findings of the research, the ideal educational and training system for Iraqi strategic managers consists of four dimensions/pillars: Inputs with 4 main variables and 18 sub variables; Processes with 4 main variables and 15 sub-variables; Outputs with 3 main variables and 9 sub-variables and consequences with 3 main variables and 15 sub-variables.

Ignoring the Oriental narrative for institutional domination and overcoming its resistance as the opposite party of the West has formed the framework of post-colonial domination. The attitude towards the conflict between Iran and the West over the nuclear issue in the form of this approach is something that has received less attention and research so far. Therefore, with the aim of understanding why the agreement in the 13th government was long and at the same time difficult, this research raises the question; How has the West's post-colonial attitude towards Iran's nuclear issue affected the decision-making pattern of the Raisi’s government? The findings of the research showed that the West's attitude towards Iran's nuclear challenge from the point of view of post-colonialism caused Raisi’s government to look at them as the opposite party of Iran with the same actions as in the past, and as a result, it caused the predominance of the model of early recognition with the aim of canceling sanctions, lack of trust and providing guarantees from the West, and this has made reaching an agreement at most impossible and at least difficult. The method of this research is qualitative and its approach is descriptive-analytical based on documentary-library tools.

Method of discourse analysis has provided a special opportunity to explain discourses systematically in the field of political sociological studies. In examining the political developments in contemporary Iran, the two discourses of the Islamic Republic and liberalism are prominent and significant. One of the most important issues in contrasting the discourse of the Islamic Republic with the discourse of liberalism is the type and view of the role of the people in government.the main question is what is the position of the people in the government in the discourses of liberalism and the Islamic Republic? In the present study, the main assumption is based on the fact that the above two discourses have a conflicting discourse on the goals and principles of government and governance methods, but they have a common opinion regarding the people's role.Accordingly, the three components of government legitimacy, political participation, and freedom were examined to determine the semantic system of each discourse regarding the position of the people in government.Our research data confirms the hypothesis; Based on the fact that both discourses, despite the differences in the type of government formation, have a common view and opinion in terms of people's roles.Both discourses emphasize the presence of the people in the political arena and consider the people's role and opinion necessary for the formation of the government. Political freedom, participation in various social and political arenas in both discourses is the necessity of government acceptance in order to exercise sovereignty over the people.

Soft power in the United States of America is based on public diplomacy, a set of measures to influence public attitudes that are effective on the development and implementation of the foreign policy of countries and people. In confrontation with Iran, America used all its forces by using hard power and using it to overthrow this country, but it failed. (The failure of the Tabas operation, Iraq's 8-year war against Iran and economic sanctions, etc). In the continuation of this confrontation;American statesmen adopted the procedure and thinking of using soft power and changed their approach by using the components of soft power and indirect intervention in mass society and elites in the direction of transforming the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The purpose of this research is to identify and explain the influence of the US soft power in the Islamic Republic of Iran and how to implement the influence through the components of soft power.This research investigates this question. There is how America has played a role and deepened its influence through its soft power in the 11th and 12th governments, so the hypothesis that includes these things is that; Due to its domestic and international capabilities, America has strengthened the foundations of political instability and influence in the political and cultural fields by influencing the level of awareness, changing lifestyles and increasing political demands in the 11th and 12th governments. The research method in this research is descriptive based on the library method.

In Air agencies the realization of the mission depends on the existence of aircraft and equipment that can be properly prepared at any time in accordance with the operational needs of the force and respond to the assignment mission, so maintenance and repair is doubly important. Today, a new method called Total productive maintenance to improve the quality of maintenance has been proposed, the use of which has been considered by organizations. Therefore, this research has been conducted with the aim of developing maintenance strategies for Air agencies aircrafts in the total productive maintenance method, which is presented in this article.This Applied-Developmental has been done by field-case research method and data analysis has been done using internal and external factor matrices and SPACE diagram and advanced SWOT technique has been used to formulate the strategy. The statistical population was also experts in maintenance and repair of Air agencies.The results are fifteen combined strategies that can be used to develop the aircraft maintenance in TPM method.

Occurrence of crisis in the sea and delay and uncoordinated management of relief efforts lead to increase economic and social damages to the countries. Considering the importance and necessity of investigating crises and how to respond to them in the navy of countries, this study aimed to provide a suitable and optimal model for an effective and favorable response to the Strategic Navy Logistics Management in the rescue and relief operations of marine disasters. In this research, at first, a stochastic programming model was developed considering three dimensions of economic cost, operational time and human losses (three objective functions) using the mathematical method. After that, this random model was combined with compromise programming method.Then, based on the findings of research and existing relief facilities, a favorable naval logistics system rescue model for sea crisis was developed after expert approval. Finally, the proposed model is evaluated and analyzed within the marine-controlled regions of the Sea of Oman up to North Indian Ocean on the basis of a true marine accident specimen. The results of this study show that the higher speed aid vehicle is optimal at low distances and at lower speeds. However, when the condition of the cases is higher, the higher speed of the motor vehicle becomes more important when its intensity is higher.

In this applied study, analysis of Iranian society and its threshold of tolerance has been done in a descriptive-analytical method. The society were professors of universities and the sampling size were 133. Data collection was done in archive and field methods. The reliability of the questionnaire was 89%. A multilayer perceptron artificial neural network was created to predict and model the human development index of the 38 target countries. Four input parameters were life expectancy at birth, expected years of schooling, mean years of schooling, and gross national income per capita". The response parameter was the human development index. The 4000 structures were developed, trained, validated, and tested by changing the variables of activation function, training function, and the number of neural neurons in the hidden layer. The optimal neural network in terms of network performance measures was the network with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE = 0.01156), Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE = 0.00124), and R squared (R2=0.99620). The optimal network had ten neurons in the hidden layer, a tansig activation function, and an RP training function. The artificial neural network model had a high accuracy in predicting the human development index. Based on the results of sensitivity analysis, the most influential factors were mean years of schooling, "life expectancy at birth, expected years of schooling, and gross national income per capita, with the relative importance of 33.63%, 24.43%, 23.83%, and 18.11%, respectively.

In 2020, Iran was the second largest holder of gas reserves and the third largest producer of gas in the world. The role of natural gas in the world’s plan for the next 100 years is undeniable. Iran has preferred to adhere to the basic provisions of its contract with Turkey in terms of price and volume. In this essay, while identifying the causes of gas price dispute between Iran and Turkey and presenting contractual and trade solutions in line with national interest and security, it is tried to minimize the grounds for contract disputes and using the game theory and Mr. Stuckelberg's model, to maximixe the national interest. In addition, the contract has been evaluated economically by optimizing the volume and price of Iranian gas exports to Turkey. The results indicate that by adopting the method of concluding short-term contracts, negotiating the price review clause or adopting the method of determining the price of Iranian gas in a competitive or hub-based manner or using a combination of these methods, the ground of price disput will be minimized. In various scenarios in the second half of the implementation of the contract Iran's revenue could have been up to $ 9.4 billion more. The possibility of extending the sale and purchase contract for the gas to Turkey for Iran is low.

The quality of social capital in any organization paves the way for its future development in cultural, political, social and knowledge dimensions. In this regard, the aim of this research was to help the trustees to make policies in the field of social capital of Aja employees by identifying and evaluating the solutions to increase it. This research was applied in terms of purpose, inductive in terms of approach, qualitative-quantitative in terms of data type, and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. With library studies, solutions to increase social capital were collected and provided to 20 experts and specialists in the field of social capital (who were selected in a purposeful and judgmental way) And by using the Delphi technique in three rounds, they were asked to present their proposed solutions while confirming or rejecting the identified solutions. In the following (in order to evaluate the solutions) by designing a questionnaire of approved solutions, it was given to 20 of the same experts and finally the evaluation of the solution was also done. Based on the final results of the research, the solutions for increasing the quality of ethical leadership, expanding organizational justice, voluntary participation of employees, strengthening the popularity of the army, increasing the living conditions and scientific level of employees, etc. have been ranked highest.