نشریه رویش روان شناسی
سال سیزدهم شماره 12 (پیاپی 105، اسفند 1403)

The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of the educational program based on psychological well-being in improving positive thinking and marital satisfaction in infertile women. The current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a three-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the study included all infertile women who received donated eggs and were treated at the Mam Infertility Treatment Center in Tehran in 2023, who were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. All of them completed the automatic positive recognition questionnaire of Ingram et al. (1988, APAC) and the consent of Afrooz wives (2019, AMSS) before the intervention. After that, the experimental group received the educational program based on psychological well-being in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and once a week. The research data was analyzed by variance analysis with repeated measurements. The results showed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test among the groups (p<0.05). Also, the results showed that there is a substantial difference in the variables of positive thinking and marital satisfaction between the two groups in the post-test and follow-up stages (p<0.05). Based on this, it can be said that using an educational program based on psychological well-being can be effective in increasing positivity and marital satisfaction in infertile women.

The present study was conducted to investigate the mediating role of the fragile and coherent sense of self in the relationship between pathological personality characteristics and borderline personality traits. The current research was a descriptive-correlation type of structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all students of the state universities (affiliated with the Ministry of Science) of Tehran in the academic year 2023-2024, among whom 510 individuals were selected as the sample group using convenience sampling.  Research tools included the Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Brief Form-Adult (PID-5-BF, Krueger et al., 2013), the Sense of Self Scale (SOSS, Flury & Ickes, 2007), and Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI, Leichsenring, 1999). The data were analyzed using the structural equation analysis method. The results of the structural equation analysis indicated the appropriate fit of the model. The findings showed that pathological personality characteristics and fragile sense of self directly and significantly predict borderline personality traits (p<0.01), and pathological personality characteristics indirectly predict borderline personality traits through the mediating role of fragile sense of self (p<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that pathological personality characteristics which reflect the degree of compatibility/incompatibility of personality function and personality traits, in conjunction with the level of integration and coherence of sense of self, can explain the pathology of borderline personality traits.

This study aimed to determine the nature and indicators of job crisis based on the lived experiences of nurses. This research is a qualitative study in which the researcher collected and analyzed data using the grounded theory method. For this purpose, 21 nurses working in Tehran hospitals in 1403 who had experience facing a job crisis were selected purposefully and interviewed until the data reached saturation. Data analysis was conducted using the Strauss and Corbin method (2014). The "occupational crisis of nurses" was identified by analyzing the data as the core issue. In the section on causal conditions, "improper job planning" and "challenging environmental conditions" were identified. The intervening conditions section highlighted "coordination-related challenges" and "communication and challenges related to resource provision" were highlighted. In the contextual conditions section, "incorrect management policies", "pressures from family and relatives", and "cognitive distortions" were identified. In the outcomes section, "negative self-efficacy", "experiencing stress and anxiety", and "feelings of indifference" was found to impact the nursing community. Various factors, including improper job planning, challenging environmental conditions, coordination and communication issues, and incorrect management policies, were identified as the main reasons for this crisis. To address these challenges, the use of problem-solving skills, management of relationships with colleagues, and the creation of a secure work environment were recommended.

The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of compassion-focused art therapy on psychological capital and Anger rumination in abused and orphaned adolescents. The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all abused and orphaned adolescent girls supported by the Bushehr welfare organization in 2023 in Bushehr. The research sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) by Luthans and Avolio (2007) and Anger Rumination Scale (ARS) by Sukhodolsky et al., (2001) were utilized to collect data. The data was analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis. The results showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there is a significant difference (p<0.01) between the post-test of the experimental and control groups in psychological capital (efficacy, hope, resilience, optimism) and anger rumination (Angry Afterthoughts, Thoughts of Revenge, Angry Memories, Understanding of Causes). Consequently, it can be declared that compassion-focused art therapy is an efficient treatment for enhancing psychological capital and decreasing anger rumination in abused and orphaned adolescents.

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Guttman group marital enrichment program on difficulty in regulating emotions, communication patterns, and attachment styles of couples in Qom province. This research was a semi-experimental method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all the couples who were referred to counseling centers and psychological services in Qom in 2022, 40 people were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (20 people in each group). became The experimental group received 8 sessions of Gutman's group marital enrichment program (one 90-minute session each week), but the control group did not receive any intervention. To collect data from the Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (DERS) (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), Communication Patterns (CPQ) (Christense & Sullaway, 1991), and the Adult Attachment Style Scale (RAAS) (Collins & Reed), 1996) was used. The results of data analysis using multivariate covariance analysis showed that by controlling the pre-test effect, there was a significant difference between the post-test mean of difficulty in emotion regulation, communication patterns, and attachment styles in the two experimental and control groups at the 0/05 level. Based on the results of the present research, it is possible to use the Gottman group marital enrichment program to improve the difficulty in regulating emotions, communication patterns, and attachment styles of couples.

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of group training based on transactional analysis on creating differences between self and fetus and presenting maternal feelings in pregnant women. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and control group design with a 3-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the study was all women with their first pregnancy who were referred to selected healthcare centers in Tehran in 2023, from which 30 people were selected using purposive sampling. This number was randomly assigned to two groups of group training based on interaction analysis and a control group. Data were collected using the Maternal-Fetal Attachment Questionnaire (MFAS, Cranley, 1981). The group training intervention based on interaction analysis was held in 8 90-minute sessions once a week. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The findings showed that the difference between the pre-test and post-test stages of creating a difference between self and fetus was significant (P<0.05). Also, the difference between the pre-test and post-test stages of presenting maternal feelings and the pre-test and follow-up of presenting maternal feelings was significant (P<0.05). From the above findings, it can be concluded that group training based on transactional analysis is effective and sustainable in improving the creation of a difference between self and fetus and presenting maternal feelings in pregnant women.

This research aimed to determine the mediating role of committed love in the relationship between psychological needs and marital satisfaction in married students. The present research was a descriptive-correlation type of structural equation modeling. The statistical population in this research included all the married students of Islamic Azad University, Rasht branch in 2023, from which 210 people were selected as a sample using the available sampling method. Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale (STLS; Sternberg, 1997), Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scales (PNSS; Deci and Ryan, 2000), and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale (EMS; Olson, 1989) were used to collect data. Data analysis was done by structural equation modeling method. The results showed that the proposed model is a good fit. Also, the results showed that the direct effects of psychological needs and committed love on marital satisfaction were significant; Also, the direct effect of psychological needs on committed love was significant (P<0.05). The results of the bootstrap test showed that committed love played a mediating role in the relationship between psychological needs and marital satisfaction (P<0.05). In general, it can be concluded that psychological needs (autonomy, relatedness, and competence) have a direct effect on marital satisfaction with the mediating role of committed love.

This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of emotional dysregulation in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and mother's perceived parenting styles with anxiety in pregnant women. The current research was a descriptive-correlation type of path analysis. The study population was all pregnant women referring to health centers, midwifery centers, and gynecology offices in Tehran in 2022, who were in the early months of pregnancy until the seventh month. Among them, 397 people were selected as samples. Research tools included: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS, Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), Difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS, Gratz & Roemer, 2004), Young Parenting Inventory (YPI, Young, 1999), and Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ, Young, 1990). The data were analyzed using the path analysis method. The results of path analysis indicated the appropriate fit of the model. The findings showed that impaired autonomy and performance, vigilance and inhibition, and inhibitions and other orientations were able to directly predict anxiety (p<0.001). Also, disconnection and rejection, impaired autonomy and performance vigilance and inhibition, and the mother's perceived parenting styles can indirectly predict anxiety in pregnant women through emotional dysregulation (p< 0.001). These results show that disconnection and rejection, impaired autonomy and performance over vigilance and inhibition, and the mother's perceived parenting styles can explain anxiety in pregnant women due to the important role of emotional dysregulation.

The purpose of this research was to the effectiveness of Paradox Therapy on distress tolerance and experiential avoidance of conflicted women referring to counseling centers. The current research method was a semi-experimental design with a pre-test and a post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the present study was all conflicted women referring to counseling clinics of regions 1, 2, and 3 in Tehran in 1402-1401. Among them, 30 conflicting women who volunteered and qualified were selected in the framework of available non-random sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Distress Tolerance Scale (Simmons and Gaher, 2005) and Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (Games et al., 2011) were used to collect data. For the experimental group, 6 90-minute sessions of treatment programs based on paradox therapy were implemented. Descriptive statistical methods and multivariate covariance analysis were used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there is a significant difference (P<0.05) between the mean of the post-test of distress tolerance and experimental avoidance in the experimental and experimental groups. Therefore, by using paradox therapy, it is possible to increase the distress tolerance level of conflicted women and reduce experimental avoidance.

The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of emotional self-control training on impulsivity and parent-child relationships of boys with cyberbullying. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all the male students in the second year of high school in Tehran (regions 1 and 2) in the academic year of 2022-2023, 39 of whom were selected by Purposive Sampling method after screening and in experimental groups (n=19) and control (n=20). were placed. The experimental group underwent eight 75-minute sessions of emotional self-control training (Leahy, et al., 2012). The data collection tools included the cyber-bullying/victimization experiences questionnaire Antoniadou et al (2016, CBVEQ), the parent-child relationship survey Fine et al (1983, PCRS), and the Barratt impulsivity questionnaire- 11 Patton et al (1995, BIS-11). The results showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there is a significant difference at the 0.01 level between the mean post-test impulsivity and parent-child relationships in the two experimental and control groups. As a result, emotional self-control training can be used as an effective treatment method to reduce impulsivity and improve parent-child relationships in adolescent boys with cyberbullying.

This study aimed to determine the mediating role of cyber victimization in the relationship between emotional self-disclosure and loneliness in adolescents. The present research method was descriptive-correlational structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study consisted of all junior high school students in Isfahan in 2024. Questionnaires were administered to 200 selected students using cluster random sampling. To collect data, the Cyber ​​Bullying Scale (CBS; Menesini et al., 2011), the Emotional Self-Disclosure Scale (ESDS; Snell et al., 1998), and the third version of the Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS3; Russell, 1996) were used. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings showed that the proposed model was a good fit. The findings showed that the direct effect of emotional self-disclosure and cyber victimization on loneliness was significant; Also, the direct effect of emotional self-disclosure on cyber victimization was significant (P<0.05); the results of the bootstrap test showed that cyber victimization had a mediating role between emotional self-disclosure and loneliness (P<0.05). In general, it can be concluded that emotional self-disclosure directly affects adolescents' loneliness through cyber victimization.

The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy on the perception of social interactions and lovemaking in married students. The method of the current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all married students of Islamic Azad University, Rasht branch in 2023. The required sample size for each group was determined to be 15 people and a total of 30 married people (n = 30); First, they were selected by the available sampling method and after screening, they were placed in control and experimental groups by simple random method. To collect data, the Social Interaction Perception Questionnaire (SIQ; Kalish & Edelstein, 1996) and Sternberg Triangular Love Scale (TLS; Sternberg, 1997) were used. The experimental group received schema-based group therapy for eight 90-minute sessions once a week, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was done with the statistical test of multivariate covariance analysis. The results showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there was a significant difference at the level of 0.05 between the mean scores of the post-test of social interactions and lovemaking in the two experimental and control groups. In general, it can be concluded that schema therapy had an effective role in improving social interactions and lovemaking in married students.

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of time perspective training on academic commitment and engagement in male students with low academic performance. The present research method was a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test and control group design. The statistical population included all male students with low academic performance in the ninth grade of Bahar City in the academic year 2023. The required sample size for each group was determined as 15 people and a total of 30 individuals (n=30); they were initially selected through purposive sampling and after screening, they were placed in the control and experimental groups using a simple random method. The Academic Commitment Scale (ACS; Vogel& Human-Vogel, 2016) and the Schoolwork Engagement Inventory (EDA; Salmela-Aro & Upadyaya, 2012) were used to collect data. The experimental group received time perspective training as a group for ten 60-minute sessions once a week, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that by controlling for the pre-test effect, there was a significant difference at the 0.05 level between the mean post-test scores of academic commitment and engagement in the experimental and control groups. Overall, it can be concluded that time perspective training had an effective role in academic commitment and engagement in students with low academic performance.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and the Contribution-Based Approach in a group format on the spiritual health of women seeking divorce in Tehran. The research design was a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all women seeking divorce in Tehran in 2022, from which 45 participants were selected using available sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (ACT and the Contribution-Based Approach in group format) and one control group. The Spiritual Health Questionnaire (SHQ) by Polotzin and Ellison (1982) was used for data collection. The ACT protocol (8 sessions of 45 minutes each, once a week) and the Contribution-Based Approach in group format (10 sessions of 90 minutes each, twice a week) were implemented for the experimental groups. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The results of the analysis showed that after controlling for pre-test scores, there was a significant difference between the post-test spiritual health scores of the three groups (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the findings indicated that there was no significant difference in post-test spiritual health between the two experimental groups (p > 0.05). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that both interventions, ACT and the Contribution-Based Approach in group format, are effective in improving the spiritual health of women seeking divorce.

The present study aimed to model marriage orientation based on psychological capital and attitude toward premarital relationships with the mediation of the social desirability of unmarried students. The present research was a descriptive-correlation type of Path Analysis. The statistical population of the research included all single students of Islamic Azad Universities in Isfahan province in 2022; According to the number of research variables and conventional statistical methods, a sample of 500 people (303 girls and 197 boys) was used for the Gwanji Marriage Orientation Questionnaires (2019), Luthans Psychological Capital (2007), attitude towards relationships. Before marriage, Kardlow (2010) and social desirability were answered by Crown and Marlow (1964). The results indicated that the proposed model had a good fit. Psychological capital showed a significant positive relationship with marriage orientation (P < 0.001). Additionally, the direct effect of social desirability on marriage orientation was positive and significant (P < 0.001). The indirect effect of psychological capital on marriage orientation, mediated by social desirability, was also significant (P < 0.001). However, no significant direct or indirect effect was observed between attitudes toward premarital relationships and marriage orientation (P > 0.001). Based on the findings, it can be concluded that social desirability mediates the relationship between psychological capital and marriage orientation, while no such relationship exists between attitudes toward premarital relationships and marriage orientation.

The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of marital forgiveness in the relationship between attachment styles and emotional expressiveness with sexual satisfaction in employed couples. The research method was descriptive-correlational using path analysis. The study population included all employed couples in Tehran in 2023. A sample of 434 individuals (217 couples) was selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSQ) by Larson (1988), the Adult Attachment style Interview (AAI) by Hazan and Shaver (1987), the Emotional Expressivity Questionnaire (EEQ) by King and Emmons (1990), and the Family Forgiveness Scale (FFS) by Pollard et al. (1998). The findings indicated that the proposed research model had a good fit and that attachment styles, emotional expressiveness, and marital forgiveness had both direct and indirect effects on the sexual satisfaction of employed couples (P<0.05). Ultimately, the results demonstrated that attachment styles and emotional expressiveness significantly influenced sexual satisfaction through the mediating role of marital forgiveness. These findings can be beneficial for psychologists, counselors, family and couples therapists, and other professionals in understanding the correlates of sexual satisfaction in employed couples and enhancing it.

The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy with schema therapy on marital forgiveness and cognitive emotion regulation in conflicting couples. The present study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population included all conflicting couples referring to the Nihad Counseling Center in Tehran in 2023-2024, from which 60 couples with marital conflict were selected as a sample. The research tools included the Pollard Forgiveness Questionnaire (IFS, 1998) and the Garnevsky Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ, 2001). The emotion-focused couple therapy intervention was conducted in 8 90-minute sessions and schema therapy in 10 90-minute sessions. The research data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures. The findings showed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test means of the three groups in marital forgiveness and cognitive emotion regulation (P<0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference between the post-test and follow-up of the groups (P<0.05). There was also a significant difference between the post-test means of the two experimental groups in marital forgiveness and cognitive emotion regulation (P<0.05). From the above findings, it can be concluded that schema therapy was a more efficient and effective intervention than emotion-focused couple therapy.

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on sexual intimacy, marital relationship quality, and marital silence of conflicting couples. The research method is semi-experimental with a pre-test, and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all conflicting couples who were referred to counseling centers in Kerman City during the six months of summer and autumn of 2023. from this population, 30 couples were selected using the available sampling method and randomly divided into experimental groups and control groups. The research tools included the Sexual Intimacy Questionnaire (SIQ, Batlaei et al., 2010), the Marital Relationship Quality Questionnaire (RADS, Busby et al., 1995), and the Marital Silence Questionnaire (MSQ, Rezaei and Rasouli, 2019). Participants in the experimental group were placed in a 75-minute cognitive behavioral therapy session for 10 sessions, one session per week. Multivariate analysis of the covariance test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that, after controlling for the pre-test effect, there was a significant difference at the p<0.05 level between the mean post-test scores of sexual intimacy, marital relationship quality, and marital silence of conflicting couples in the experimental and control groups. The findings of the present study indicate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on sexual intimacy, marital relationship quality, and marital silence in couples.

The present study was conducted to predict suicidal ideation based on the brain-behavioral systems with the mediating role of emotion regulation in depressed patients. The present research method was the descriptive-correlation type of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all women with depression who were referred to the psychological clinics of Tehran in 2022, from which 320 people were selected by non-random and available sampling methods. To measure the research variables, Beck et al.'s Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II, 1996), Beck et al.'s Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI, 1979), Carver and White's Behavioral activation systems/Behavioral inhibition systems scale (BIS/BAS, 1994), and Gross & John's Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ, 2003) was used. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient test and structural equation modeling. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the behavioral activation system and emotion regulation with suicidal ideation (P<0.01). There is a positive and significant relationship between behavioral inhibition systems and emotion regulation with suicidal ideation (P<0.01). Other results indicated the confirmation of the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between behavioral brain systems and suicidal ideation in depressed patients (P<0.01). Also, the results showed that the proposed model had a good fit. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the regulation of emotion and brain-behavioral systems in preventing suicidal thoughts in psychological programs and interventions.

This research was conducted to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the Persian version of the Overt and Covert Reassurance Seeking Questionnaire in Iranian women. The current research was practical in terms of the correlation method. The statistical population of this research was all the women of Tehran city in 2024, who selected a sample of 461 people using the available method and completed the questionnaire. Research tools included: Covert and Overt Reassurance Seeking Inventory (CORSI, Radomsky & et al, 2021), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ, Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group, 2001), Self-Esteem Questionnaire (RSE) (Rosenberg, 1965), and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS, Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). Research data were analyzed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and Pearson's coefficient. The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that the research instrument has a four-factor structure after removing items 1 and 7, which was confirmed in the subsequent confirmatory factor analysis. This tool has a direct correlation with depression, anxiety, stress, and obsessive beliefs and has an inverse correlation with self-esteem, which shows the divergent and convergent validity of the research tool (p<0/001). Cronbach's alpha was used to determine reliability, and the obtained values were higher than 0.70, which indicated adequate reliability. The Persian version of the Overt and Covert Reassurance Inventory has good psychometric properties and can be used.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of self-directed learning in the relationship between the character strength and academic vitality of students. The research method was descriptive-correlation of structural modeling type. The statistical population included the 11th-grade students of Khodabande city in the academic year of 1401-1402, 220 people were selected as the sample size using the available sampling method. The research tools include the Academic vitality questionnaire (AVQ) by Dehghanizadeh and Hossein Chari (2013), the self-directed learning readiness scale (SDLRS) by Fisher et al. (2001), and the Character strengths Questionnaire (CSQ) by Peterson and Siegelman (2004). Structural equation analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed the optimal fit of the research model. The results showed a significant direct effect of character strengths on self-directed learning (P=0.004) and the direct effect of self-directed learning on academic vitality (P=0.004). However, the direct effect of character strengths on academic vitality was not significant (P<0.05). Also, the results showed the indirect effect of character strengths on academic vitality with the mediation of self-directed learning (P=0.004). These results show that character strengths can indirectly affect academic vitality through self-directed learning and do not have a direct role in it.

Self-compassion is a relatively new concept in personality psychology, which has great importance in reducing negative consequences and increasing positive psychological consequences. The present study was conducted to identify the level of self-compassion in different demographic groups and predict it based on demographic variables. In terms of its purpose, this research is part of basic research, and in terms of data collection method, it is a descriptive (survey) type of study. The statistical population of the present study was made up of all people aged 18-65 who lived in Tehran in 1400. A sample of 1358 people was selected from the statistical population of the study using available sampling. The self-compassion scale (Neff, 2003) and the demographic characteristics questionnaire were completed online by the participants using the Pressline software. Data were analyzed using RStudio software (2022.12.0 Build 353). Research findings showed a significant difference between different groups in terms of age, marital status, employment status, and education (p<0.001). However, the effect sizes of these variables were small. There was no significant difference between women and men in terms of self-compassion (p>0.05). Also, age over 50, being married, and working could explain 4% of compassion scores (p < 0.005 and F = 11.34). Accordingly, it seems that the determinants of self-compassion go beyond demographic factors and the contribution of other factors such as personality, parenting styles, and cultural teachings should be considered.

The current research aimed to predict academic well-being based on the Classroom Social-Psychological Climate of the class with the mediating role of academic engagement and Academic Buoyancy. The method of the current research was descriptive-correlation of the type of structural equations. The statistical population of the present study included all male students of the second secondary level of Damghan City in the academic year 2023-2024. Of these people, No 270 were selected by the multi-stage cluster method and according to the entry and exit criteria according to Klein (2023). The data collection tool is the Classroom Social-Psychological Climate Questionnaire (PCIF) Fraser et al. (1995), the academic well-being questionnaire (AWQ) Tuominen-Soini et al. (2012), the academic engagement questionnaire (ABQ) Martin and Marsh (2008) and the Academic Buoyancy questionnaire (AEQ) Fredericks et al. (2004). Analysis of research data was done through structural equation modeling. The results showed that the data had an acceptable fit with the conceptual model and it was confirmed. Also, according to the structural model of the research, the direct effects of the Classroom Social-Psychological Climate, academic engagement, and Academic Buoyancy on academic well-being were significant (P<0.01). Also, the indirect effects of the Classroom Social-Psychological Climate on academic well-being through academic engagement and Academic Buoyancy were significant. (P<0.01). It seems that the results of this research can provide useful information for educational officials, researchers, and academic advisors to reduce the academic problems of learners.

The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training and compassion-based training on emotion regulation in patients with coronary artery disease. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design, a control group, and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population was men with coronary heart disease who were referred to the specialized center of Shahid Rajaee Hospital in Tehran in 2024. 45 people were selected voluntarily and randomly assigned to two experimental (30 people) and control (15 people) groups. The measurement tool included the Gross and John Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2003, CERQ). The first experimental group received mindfulness-based stress reduction training in 8 face-to-face 90-minute sessions, and the second experimental group received compassion-based training in 8 face-to-face 90-minute sessions. The analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data. The analysis of variance showed a significant difference between the groups in pre-test, post-test, and follow-up reappraisal and suppression (p<0.05). Also, both mindfulness-based stress reduction training and compassion-based training were effective on reappraisal and suppression, mindfulness-based stress reduction training was more effective on distress tolerance (p<0.05). Therefore, it can be said that mindfulness-based stress reduction training can be effective alone or with complementary treatment in regulating emotions in men with coronary artery disease.

The current research aims to determine the effectiveness of parenting based on acceptance and commitment to the experiential avoidance and sense of competence of mothers of children with ADHD. The research method was a semi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all mothers with 8- to 10-year-old girls with ADHD who were studying in Isfahan primary schools in the academic year of 2022-2023. 30 children were selected in a purposive sampling way and were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people, experimental and control, and the mothers of the experimental group received parenting intervention based on acceptance and commitment for two and a half months and during 10 sessions of 90 minutes. To collect data, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire – version 2 (AAQ-2; Bond et al., 2011) and the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOCS; Gibaud-Wallston & Wandersman, 1978) were used. To analyze the data, the multivariate covariance test (MANCOVA) was used. The findings of the research showed that by controlling the pre-test effect, there was a significant difference between the post-test average in the variables of experiential avoidance and sense of competence in the experimental and control groups (P<0.05). As a result, parenting based on acceptance and commitment is an effective intervention in reducing experiential avoidance and improving the sense of competence of mothers of children with ADHD.