مجله مدیریت نوآوری
سال سیزدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 49، پاییز 1403)

Financial mechanisms for innovative enterprises vary throughout their life cycles, encompassing personal resources, banking, venture capitalists, crowdfunding, and the stock market. Different actors employ various financing methods based on their situations, collectively shaping the innovation financing system.This article aims to identify what policy changes are necessary for the development of crowdfunding platforms in Iran, given the various challenges. To this end, a qualitative research method based on semi-structured interviews is employed to gather the necessary data, and a content analysis method is pursued. Based on the research findings and literature review, seven integrated themes are identified: factors affecting financing from the investors' perspective; factors affecting financing from the entrepreneurs' perspective; marketing factors related to crowdfunding; risks associated with crowdfunding; institutional, organizational, and executive issues; legal issues, and environmental issues. Challenges in the development of platforms and corresponding solutions are derived from these seven dimensions, and appropriate policies for the development of crowdfunding platforms in Iran are proposed.

Fintechs, by leveraging new technologies, have revolutionized the provision of financial services, introducing new possibilities and innovations. These innovations have been accompanied by both threats and opportunities for traditional banks and have created diverse approaches among banks and fintechs. This research, conducted with a mixed approach, identifies the most important factors affecting the extent of fintechs' role in bank money creation, considering the diversity of fintechs and the status of banks, in order to provide a framework and to be considered as a moderating factor in research results in this area. To this end, in the qualitative section, factors were analyzed in several stages using the fuzzy Delphi method and interviews with banking and fintech experts. In the first step, factors affecting bank risk management were extracted based on a review of previous research and interviews with experts. In the second step, 28 extracted factors were screened and 13 factors were selected for final prioritization by distributing a questionnaire among experts and using the fuzzy Delphi method. In the third step, the factors were prioritized based on the Marcus method, in which the fintech's field of activity and the central bank's role in regulating the fintech sector were identified as the most important factors by experts.

A better understanding of the impact of universities on regional innovation systems can lead to improved collaborations and the creation of effective solutions to enhance local capabilities and increase economic competitiveness. Therefore, this research aims to systematically review the existing literature on the role of universities in regional innovation systems to identify relevant components, using the Antecedents, Decisions, and Outcomes (ADO) model. In addition, this study employs the PRISMA framework to select 42 articles related to the role of universities in regional innovation systems. The results indicate that the antecedents include the development and management of knowledge bases, attracting human capital and talent, the existence of connections between universities and other stakeholders, government support, providing and improving infrastructure, access to financial resources, and support for innovation and entrepreneurship. The decisions include promoting and sharing knowledge, training human resources, aligning educational programs with regional needs, collaborating strategies with companies, collaborating strategies with the government, and enhancing innovation capacities. The outcomes include the application and commercialization of knowledge, the development of human resources, facilitating and strengthening cooperation among stakeholders, improving the quality of life for citizens, addressing and solving community problems, regional branding, cultural development and strengthening, enhancing entrepreneurship and innovation, increasing business competitiveness, raising employment rates, and economic transformation. These results can help policymakers develop more effective strategies to strengthen university-industry collaboration. Also, financial and infrastructure support for universities should be prioritized to contribute to sustainable development and enhance regional economic competitiveness. Strengthening connections between universities and other stakeholders, especially in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship, can lead to the creation of a conducive environment for economic and social growth.

Accelerators play a crucial role as one of the most important components of the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem, significantly contributing to the development of startups and new businesses. Over a decade since their inception in Iran, the performance and impact of these accelerators have become a major concern in innovation and entrepreneurship policy-making. Despite government efforts and support from institutions aimed at enhancing the role of accelerators, fundamental challenges persist, including a lack of financial resources, weak networking with industry, and limited access to specialized human resources. This research employs a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews with experts from the innovation ecosystem and accelerators to examine the challenges faced by Iranian innovation and business accelerators. It also provides managerial and policy recommendations for improving and enhancing the performance of these accelerators. The study's participants include managers of Iranian innovation and business accelerators and those involved in organizing and supporting these entities, employing a non-probability, purposive sampling method. Through thematic analysis, challenges confronting accelerators are identified at three levels: micro (accelerators), meso (innovation ecosystem), and macro (economic, social factors, etc.). Finally, policy and managerial solutions for addressing these challenges and improving accelerator performance are presented at both the innovation ecosystem level and the accelerator level.

Metaphors play a key role in simplifying complex concepts and guiding public discourse, serving as essential tools in governance and policymaking. The field of technology and innovation, due to its interdisciplinary nature and rapid pace of change, can benefit greatly from these tools. This research aims to examine the multiple roles of metaphors in the governance of science and technology and to provide an operational framework for their use. This study investigates the impact of metaphors in conveying abstract concepts, enhancing communication among stakeholders, and designing technology and innovation strategies. A meta-synthesis method was used to analyze the data, and 23 scientific articles that examine the role of metaphors in technology and innovation were analyzed and coded. The research findings demonstrate that metaphors are effective tools for interpreting technological phenomena, creating innovative conceptual frameworks, and facilitating the understanding of complex governance issues. The proposed framework can assist policymakers in using metaphors to enhance policy communication and improve messaging in the fields of innovation and technology.

Positive deviation in the workplace is the voluntary behavior of employees aimed at improving organizational well -being and finding innovative ways to solve work challenges and improve performance. The presence of positive deviation characters in a work environment and their sense of agency and their influence among employees is essential to make effective changes. This study seeks to interpret the semantic interpretations of positive job deviation among innovative and creative people in the working environments (sample workers of the festival of 2016 to 1402) as individuals with positive job deviation by adopting a qualitative approach. The main question of the study is what semantic implications do positive job deviation between innovative and sample workers and what are the dimensions of this phenomenon. In this study, data saturation was obtained by targeted sampling and semi -structural interview with 20 sample workers. The content analysis method has also been used for analysis of qualitative data. The participants in the study defined this concept as the four main indicators, including: positive job deviation as: organizational change, organizational innovation and creativity, organizational assistance and participation, development of organizational ethics, and their realization. Also, the components and subordinates of positive job deviation were identified from the perspective of exemplary and innovative workers.