فصلنامه راهبرد
پیاپی 111 (تابستان 1403)

Ensuring food security, sustainable agriculture, and the preservation of basic natural resources. Given the five-year development plans and the country's twenty-year vision document, the limitation of basic natural resources, climatic diversity, and the potential social, economic, and cultural capacities, improving the food security of the land is not possible with solely technical and engineering approaches, but requires policymaking and good governance. In this research, the concept of food security is explained, and then the two-year performance of the Ministry of Jihad and Agriculture and the 13th government is evaluated. In this regard, the SWOT analytical method and the QSPM matrix have been used for ranking the main strategies. Also, at the end of this research, strategic suggestions have been presented to improve the food security conditions. At the same time, the current situation of the country is facing suitable opportunities, which should be used in the best way through rational planning and using governance approaches. Also, the results of the SWOT matrix analysis showed that conservative policies are among the main strategies to ensure food security in the country, and the priority of implementing these conservative policies through the QSPM matrix analysis is with the strategy of creating and strengthening the macro policy and good governance system in the field of agriculture by using the power and capacity of scientific centers.

Cultural governance is a conceptual framework whose implementation on a larger scale leads to a shift in the dominant foundations of policymaking. From one perspective, it can be said that culture is seen as a foundation for governance. On the other hand, given the ecological context and cultural fabric of the Islamic Republic of Iran, paying attention to this approach and organizing the relationships between governance and culture becomes essential. This research aims to answer the question of how to extract the elements of cultural governance based on the thoughts of Ayatollah Khamenei. The author has utilized document-based and library research methods for data collection and has advanced through a grounded theory approach for data analysis. Initially, the speeches of Ayatollah Khamenei from 1989 to 2023 were analyzed, and about 165 speeches closely related to this study were gathered. The extracted content was thoroughly analyzed using the Maxqda software, selecting thematic units that were most relevant to the topic and organizing them into codes and core themes. By examining the speeches, 430 statements, 750 foundational themes, and 195 core and organizing concepts were identified, leading to 43 overarching themes through selective coding. Consequently, this research presents cultural governance as one of the fundamental principles of Islamic government and as a key strategy in Ayatollah Khamenei's theory for achieving the goals of the Islamic Revolution. He believes that Islamic culture, as a fundamental part of national identity, must be considered as a strategic and foundational focus in the country's major policies.

Conceptual models are incomparable in understanding wicked environmental issues and the procedures and management practices. Management that causes the transition of the landscape to regressive states (or vice versa). Such models need to be considered in measuring environmental governance. The purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of these models and provide a more comprehensive conceptual model. Targeted review of sources, comparative analysis of the content of models, and composition have been used. The qualitative content analysis of these models is based on their basic characteristics (main components of the model, main relationships in the model, main focus of the model, and key insights). Also, by quantitatively analyzing the models based on the frequency of words, the general emphasis of the models has been investigated. Finally, a proposed conceptual model with nine dimensions (driving forces, activities, pressures, structure, function, ecosystem services and disservices, advantages and disadvantages, value and human well-being, and finally responses (strategies and actions)) is presented. This cyclic model helps in the timely diagnosis of issues and their location, mapping actors and stakeholders, providing feedback to policymakers, proposing appropriate management responses, and monitoring responsibility. Without such combined frameworks, management research without sufficient understanding of the cumulative consequences of multiple and uncoordinated actions will be limited to a specific field. It will not lead to the improvement of the environmental state. Recognizing how human activities affect the flow of ecosystem services can strengthen adjusting, reducing, or reversing the process and help assign appropriate metrics for measuring governance.

This article aims to identify the indicators of common rationality (as a basis for joint decision-making), collective decision-making, and social justice and measure the type and extent of the relationship between them. A conceptual model is designed to achieve the aims using the research background and interviews with experts. Then, the relationships between the measures and constructs of this model were investigated by distributing the questionnaire to the target population. The target community is the managers of government organizations who are aware of collective decision-making or have experience. In the conceptual model common rationality includes four indicators (common thoughts, common goals, common benefits, and common interests), collective decision-making consists of four indicators (voting, information sharing, meeting, and consultation) and social justice includes four indicators (reducing discrimination, reducing corruption, power distribution, and reducing conflict of interest). The structural equation method is used to achieve the research objectives and Smart PLS 2.0 software is used to analyze the data. To evaluate the overall model fit, the goodness of fit (GOF) is used, which is obtained as 0.516, and this criterion indicates that the overall model fit of the research model is appropriate. The results show that common rationality affects social justice through the mediating variable of collective decision-making. Managers should not ignore collective decision-making if they want to use the common rationality created to increase justice. This study can motivate rulers and managers to use the collective decision-making method in various matters to increase social justice without spending a lot of money.

Southwest Asia and North Indian Ocean are important and strategic regions of the world, which are of great importance in terms of geopolitics and geoeconomics. The question raised in this research is, what is Iran's naval strategy to increase sea power in Southwest Asia and North Indian Ocean? In response to this question, The author expresses that according to the general policies of sea-oriented development, Iran's maritime strategy is not hegemonic, but a peaceful and cooperative strategy. To implement this strategy, Iran has two opportunities: transportation and energy, which will expand its maritime credibility and become the foundation of Iran's maritime power. However, the Islamic Republic of Iran is facing obstacles from its competitors in the region to use these two mentioned opportunities. Despite this, one of the main goals of Iran's competitors is to isolate the country. They are looking for the Islamic Republic not to use the two mentioned opportunities, so that the country will be in economic trouble and lack of global acceptance and cause the reduction of Iran's presence in the sea. It also provides the arena for other regional and extra-regional forces.Therefore, the solution for Iran's strong presence in both transportation and energy sectors is to activate Chabahar port and pay attention to regional and extra-regional energy needs. Qualitative method, library and internet sources have been used to investigate my research.

Emerging technologies are technologies that are expected to reach maturity within a time horizon of 10 to 20 years and present opportunities but also challenges for defense and armed forces acquisition system decision makers. The meaning of the system here is the norms, laws, expectations, goals, institutions and motivations that guide the response of military organizations in the face of emerging technologies, as well as the infrastructures and exchanges that are necessary for military organizations to enter this field.Systems that have a regular structure of basic components (parts, relationships and behavior) and are in dynamic interaction with each other and the environment. The present article is trying to systematically review the findings of the studies conducted in this regard using the meta-combination method and analyze them based on the formation process and the output achievement.For this purpose, by referring to valid documents and documents available in electronic databases in the period from 2008 to 2023, among 235 selected articles, 64 suitable articles were identified.In order to analyze the selected articles and identify the effective dimensions and components in the design of the acquisition system of emerging technologies, the content analysis method was used. Next, in order to validate the extracted concepts, the Delphi method was used with the presence of a number of experts.Findings in the form of 6 dimensions and 24 components including "Intelligent strategic technology surveillance"., "strategic management of combat power", "strategic management of technology", "strategic management of technology acquisition", "strategic management of technology life cycle", and "Technology leadership" was presented.

This article introduces and examines the Nature-Oriented Governance (NOG) model, a practical approach based on environmental principles and prioritizing nature in governance mechanisms. The main objective of this research is to develop a conceptual and analytical framework to adapt to various needs and address current socio-environmental challenges in Iran. This framework was developed through a literature review, practical experiences, and collaboration with national and international researchers and local stakeholders, emphasizing the integration of different sciences, human-natural interactions, and adaptability. The analytical framework of the NOG model includes adjustable variables and indicators, allowing stakeholders to participate in the decision-making process. The primary tool of this framework is Nature-Based Solutions (NBS), which helps accelerate the governance paradigm shift and create better alignment between human actions and environmental requirements. The NOG model has been examined on Qeshm Island, a region rich in biodiversity, economy, and social aspects, and the results of this examination significantly influenced the refinement of the conceptual and analytical model. The significance of this research lies in its potential to transform governance paradigms, aligning with the theory of evolutionary governance, and paving the way for more informed decision-making at the intersection of human and natural systems. The research results provide a practical strategy to tackle socio-environmental challenges and offer a model for other regions and countries to achieve nature-oriented governance and harmonize human development with environmental needs.