فصلنامه آموزش مهندسی ایران
پیاپی 31 (پاییز 1385)

This paper is the second part of a research project on the brain drain phenomenon in Iran with the emphasis on its causes and roots. In the first paper, the history of brain drain was explained on the basis of 3 ages: I) Kingship age II) Revolution age, and III) Relative relaxation age. In addition the brain drain growth rate in each age was mentioned. In this part the reason and factors affecting the promotion of experts and graduated student’s migration to overseas are evaluated based on the information collected from many experts, university academic staffs, research workers and sociologists. The results show that the brain drain phenomenon in our country is real, highly serious and adversely affects our national economics growth rate. Several suggestions are presented in order to convert brain drain to brain circulation.

Despite the fact that technology is a world that often is used in conversations and texts; it is a difficult task to offer a comprehensive and putative definition for it would not be exaggerating to say that it is possible to offer many definitions for technology from different angels. Although, there are similarities among them. In this article in addition to considering the advanced technologies the selected technologies for some countries has been reviewed. These countries were successful in choosing and developing such technologies. After presenting technology models in Iran, we examine the procedure of selecting advanced technologies in our country. In addition to considering the role of government, industry and university in this regard, we will study the development of advanced technologies in different industries, specially in the aerospace industry.

The main emphasis of the science and technology policy is on three axes s of science creation, science dissemination and science application. There is no doubt that the road of advancement of technology is passing through field of science development. New achievement and expansion of science, specially in the field of engineering, is driven by the system developed from different technologies. There fore science and technology progresses are two elements with mutual interaction and should be evaluated in parallel. Science and technology progresses may be evaluated by various organizations in any country. However, one common approach is comparing such policies with the programs of other countries and making use of the good experiences of those who have succeeded in promotion of science and technology for the advancement and welfare of their people. In the present article, attempt is made to identify various evaluation criteria for the advancement of science and technology and to compare the trend of science production in Iran with that of some other countries of the region from 1981 up 2004. Details of the study are focused on the comparison with South Korea which has the same initial condition with our country on 1981. Findings show that we are far behind from South Korea and we need a more intensive effort to approach such state of advancement in science and technologies.

Training employees is one of the most important parameters for continuous improvement for industries. The main goals for the managers of any industry are to determine the training contexts and methods, to identify employees at risk and to develop learning activities. So it is essential to have a training guideline in order to help employers to develop the learning activities. In this article the guidelines provide the employers with a model for designing, conducting, evaluating, and revising training programs. We tried to study lift truck as one of the main vehicles in material handling, because using transportation means has an important role in industries, and efficiency would decrease without using them.

The volume of the learning matter increases continuously with advancements in science and technology. Teaching the new material to students is a serious challenge for the country’s educational authorities. Increasing the teaching time in schools and universities and creating advanced courses for accommodating the new material is not economically viable. Increasing the attendance time in schools and universities reduces the working period in later life and lowers the personal and social economical efficiency. The best way out of this impasse is to allocate part of the teaching responsibility, specially the technological teaching to industrial organizations. Those who are the direct beneficiaries of education should teach their employees their craft during their day to day work. The purposes and duration of teaching programs in schools and universities are also discussed.

This lecture discusses distance learning on power systems, benefits of it and its sources and different methods of delivery and internet courses, their problems and faculty-student interactions and the future of distance learning.

This article reviews the rapid rate of development relating to lifelong learning with higher education. More emphasis on the development of learning models to support lifelong learning and its Position in discussed.