فصلنامه اقتصاد مقداری
سال سوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 10، پاییز 1385)

Linear Discrimination Analysis (LDA) is based on normality assumption. When this condition is not the case, nonparametric methods have to be used. In this paper it is assumed that the classes are not normal, but each class includes subclasses with the normal distribution. This leads to mixture discrimination analysis, MDA, and EM algorithm needed for classification between classes. Then, the Human Development data in 2002 has been used and MDA software is adapted to classified countries into three categories. It has been shown that the proposed method has more performance than LDA method.

In order to increase the municipalities revenue, it is necessary to improve orgnizational productivity while keeping the present methods of income acquisiton intact, or to look for new sources of income. Although from 1983, for implimenting the policy of self- sufficiency from government's aid, many efforts have been done, these efforts are not sufficient. In this paper by introducing many criteria such as economic efficiency, administrative feasibility, social and political acceptability, improving productivity or yeild, income stability, vertical and horizental equity, compatibility with strategic plan, I have tried to asses municipalities revenue system. To evaluate the pross and cons of this system, I have proposed some ideas have been proposed. Beside the internal adjustement, to improve municipalities revenue system, it is necessary to aid municipality by urban council, other official and inofficial organizations.

The main purpose of this paper is to examin an appropriate monetary policy in Iran. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that managed liquidity policies is the most appropriate policies for Iran using the Erceg, Christopher J., Dale W. Henderson, and Andrew T. Levin. (2000) model, and 2SLS method for period 1974-2005. The estimated macro-econometrics model has been used to simulate the reaction of four monetary policy to fluctuations of change in inventories shocks. The results reveal that the managed liquidity is expected to yield more stable prices, wage and welfare. In contrast, a managed interest rate policy, in which the interest rate is decreased, will result in the worst kind of volatility in prices, wage and welfare.

Devaluation is one of the important policy for improving the balance of trade. This policy, in spite of many possitive effects, may cause higher inflation. On the other hand, high inflation has undesirable effects on economic development and growth. Investigation of relationship between exchange rate and inflation in every country is necessary. In this paper the relationship between inflation and exchange rate is investigated for Iran during 1338-80. Granger causality and VAR approach are used to estimate the Impulse reponse function and Variance decomposition. Results of this research show that there is not only some relationship between exchange rate and inflation in Iran but also during periods of time, power of relationship is greater.

Dynamic alterations in global economy, the performed efforts by WTO in direction of globalization of economy, formation of thought of global village and increasing of competition, have pushed different countries including developed and/or developing countries to this belief that they should increase the power and ability of competition of their own industries and organizations for the presence and survival in regional and global markets. Among these, satisfaction of customer from the quality of productions and services is just the way of survival in the dynamic competition market. Automobile industry is not an exception in this regard. The manufacturers of automobile are faced to abundance challenges in our country, and the satisfaction of customer and the qualitative performance of these companies are almost dependent on the qualitative performance of part suppliers. The evaluation of qualitative performance of part maker companies and their ranking on this basis will help them raise their final production to reach a desirable quality. In this research, the selected part maker companies have been evaluated qualitatively and ranked on the basis of the attitudes of organizational excellence model using AHP method, which is one of the MADM modes, while the concept of organizational excellence model and its relation with the concept of quality management needs to be explained.