فصلنامه اقتصاد مقداری
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 5، تابستان 1384)

The conventional and traditional view regarding the theory of economic growth is much different than the modern one. According to the traditional view, growth is based on and as a consequence of the long-run increase of capital stock, labuor force and technology under the condition of competition. For this reason, almost in most situations, labuor and capital face similar returns. In contrast, in the modern view, economic growth happens because of different aspects of production structure in which it has to react to the continuous changing of demand. Trade liberalization in these mentioned models has shown different results. For instance, in some empirical cases it has been observed that more liberalization could lead to worse economic growth even if after liberalization some relevant sectors vanish with the spreading of technology, the worsening remains.

Nowadays, relative advantage in production and export cannot insure the success of companies in global market, and competitive advantage is probably the most suitable condition for being successful in markets. Thus, the survey of competitive advantage and its determinants is important. In this regard, the determination of competitive advantage in Iranian Auto parts Industry, by using method Poter, is studied in this paper. The result shows that this industry has not been able to be utilized from the determinants of competitive advantage.

This research was to determine the most important economic variables which affect inflation in Iran and the calculation of their impact rates in inflation increase by annual data during the years 1338-1382 taking monetary variables in this model. The method of research is analytic and descriptive; as the effect of monetary factors is considered by model variables with vector auto regressive (VAR) and co integration test. The VAR technique is based on static hypothesis and time series in order to measure the existence of a long-term relation ship between the variables and to estimate the relative parameters. In this research, we use variance analyses and impulse response functions that make inflation reflex in proportion to any of the available variables in the model. The results of this research explain that the importance of monetary in changes of inflation level is more than the other variables so that in the fifth period of case study changes of inflation level is explained by 23.18% with monetary, 1.76% with exchange rate and finally 0.12% with person income.Consequently, inflation is the result of effective demand in Iran so the ideas are: 1) Central bank must control monetary management and distribution independently. 2) Policy of stabilization and regulation in Foreign exchange market is necessary to control price level.3) Income distribution must be equal in the society.

Today, human resources, development of educational level and effective use of powerful forces have more importance than before. During recent 40 years, especially after the Islamic revolution, more facilities and educational opportunities are provided for women. This has created some changes in the outlook of the society toward women’s pursual of education. The increasing numbers of educated women and the increase in the age of marriage have led to the decrease of births and the promotion of the cultural level in the society. However, in recent three decades, the rate of women employment has decreased. The increasing of responsibility and the poverty are some of its undesirable results. The changes in women employment in different economic parts has been in such a way that we can observe the most decreases of women employment in industrial sect. In addition, regarding the increasing number of high educated women, the concept of "sexual discrimination" has appeared. In comparison to the increasing rate of educated women, it has not provided necessary conditions for management promotion and employment in high-level positions.

Arrigation is One of the most important factors in Agricuture. Designing and constructing a water distributive network is of greate importance. This paper aimes at investigating that which irrigation system is the optimal one for sugarcane farms in Khuzestan. To this end 12 techinal and economic indices have been selected as criteria and multiple criterion decision making method has been applied to find the optimum solution among 4 alternatives. The data was gathered for the period 1991-2001 using postal questionnaires and face to face interviews. The findings show that amongst 4 alternatives the optimal distributive system is the channel irrigation system in this case.