نشریه اصول بهداشت روانی
سال هشتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 30، بهار و تابستان 1385)

Some psychopathologies and high rates of stress have been reported among medical students higher than others in some reseavehes. Based on importance of mental health in physicians and their responsibilities we designed this study to assess the role of field of study in psychopathology of college students. Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional study, 69 medical interns and 57 MSC & PhD students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, were assessed by a questionnaire concerning age, sex, marital status, habitat and income. Psychiatric evaluation was performed by the use of SCL-25 pnestionaire. The two groups were selected by simple cluster method, then they were compared in their 9 subscore of SCL-25 onestionair Relation between the age, sex, and other variables and psychopathology was assessed. There was no signification difference between the two groups in 9 sub scores of SCL-25 one stionaire (p>0.05). Psychopathology in general and interpersonal hostility in especial were higher among male students of the two groups. Somatization in married students and depression in single members of both groups was highest. Phobia and paranoid ideas were not related to age, sex, and marietal status. Based on this study no endence was Round to rvove the velation between psychopathology and standing Medicine but other factors like sep and marietnl field of academic study does not related psychopathology and such factors as sex and marietal status seem to need move resemches and have move important role.

It was showed that family relationships affect on adolescent academic achievement. Regarding to the parenting style importance on academic competence, this study was carried out to determine relationship between parenting style and academic competence in adolescents.Methods and Materials: This is a descriptive correlational study with multistage cluster sampling of 360 adolescents studying in Tabriz high schools. Questionnaires using in this study were parenting style inventory II and Academic Competence Scale. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD. According to the finding the majority of adolescents (%39.7) reported authoritative parenting style and high academic competence (39.2%). Relation between parenting style and academic competence (F=187.8, P = 0.000) was significant. Regarding the fact that the majority of adolescents reported authoritative parenting style and relation between parenting style and academic competence was significant, so parents’ education for adolescence’s characteristic and parenting style outcomes lead to promoting adolescent academic competence.

Despite of rapid alteration incidence and prevalence of tobacco use, some scattered and limited studies has been conducted in Iran, so more dynamic information is needed. This information could be useful and effective for the decision makers to make them sensitive and let them know the relation to mental health problem. Methods and Materials:This research was cross sectional study using a demographic questionnaire included Fagerstrom for nicotine dependence. All the population aged 12 and over was asked to complete the questionnaire (census sampling). 2100 questionnaire were distributed among people, of which 1670 of them were useful for analysis from statistic point of view (Respondent rate 80%). 49.3 percent were female and 50.7 percent were man. 18.5 percent of the sample had history of tobacco use or were dependent. Tobacco dependence was 7.3 percent and there was significant difference between men and women (P<0.001). According to the tobacco users and tobacco dependents the most important person that encouraged them were friends at first and at last were their sister or brother. There was no Hubble-bubble and calumet (pipe with long stem) user in our sample. The mean use of cigarette was 11 per day. The average attempt to abstinence was 3 times. Tendency to abandon was very high (90.7%). the prevalence of Tobacco use and dependency in our sample was very high especially in men. With respect to peer's role, high abstinence tendency it is reasonable that related organization try more to improve the learning of social skills in one hand and to prepare accessible facilities for those who have tendency toward give up in other hand.

Suicide by burning is a rare condition in the developed countries (0.06% -1% of all suicides), but is more frequent in the developing countries (up to 40.3% of all suicides). In different parts of Iran, between 1.39- 9.50% of patients that attempted suicide and 25.0-40.3% of patients who committed suicide have been reported through deliberate self-burning. Self-burning (immolation) comprises between 0.37% and 40% of total burn center admissions around the world and in Iran, it is comprises between 4.1% and 36.6% of admissions in Iranian burn centers. Approximately, 80% of hospitalized self-immolation patients die. The goal of this study was to identify the epidemiologic features, causes and potential protective factors of suicide by burning in Kermanshah province in the west of Iran, and to develop the effective intervention programs based on the Public Health Approach to Prevention.Methods and Materials: Over the course of a year, from 21 March 2004 up to 20 March 2005 (Based on Iranian Calendar), the authors examined all the suicidal patients who were admitted to the emergency department of hospitals in Kermanshah University of Medical Science. Examination included a retrospective cross-section observational study, via demographic questionnaires and suicidal checklists. Over the period of study, 1820 patients who attempted suicide and 90 patients who successfully committed suicide were admitted. 41% (37 cases) of patients who committed suicide were via self-immolation. 81% of self-immolation patients were female (p<0.0005), and the female: male ratio was 4.3. 86.6 and a half percent of the patients were in the 11- 30 years of age group. The mean age was 24.9 years (range: 14 - 50 years). Forty-nine percent of cases were single, 84% were illiterate or in low level of education. 78.5% were housewives, and 14% were unemployed. Also, most of the patients (53%) were living in rural area, ninety-seven percent did not have a previous history of suicide attempt, and 67.5% regretted their self-immolation act. The majority of the self-immolation (64.8%) occurred during daylight hours, and the most common self-immolation motivation factor was marital conflict (32.5%). Overall, this study demonstrates that self-immolation should be considered as a mental health problem in our society. It is necessary to implement programs and strategies to prevent this problem. The public health approach provides a framework for a National Prevention Strategy to address this serious national problem. Local data on victims and victim stories from self-immolation provided the stimulus for community action.

This is a correlation or association research which is aimed at analysis of relation between time management behaviors (setting goal and priorities, mechanics of time management, control of time and organization) and occupational stress (role overload, role ambiguity and role conflict) of Medical Surgical ward’s Head nurses of educational hospitals depend on shaheed beheshti Medical University. Methods and Materials: 30 Head nurses (all of the samples) participate in this research. A questionnaire which had 32 questions and an observation sheet which had 20 items were used to measure time management behaviors (T.M.B) of Head nurses. In addition 10 questions was related to personal characteristics. For determination occupational stress a questionnaire which had 15 questions was used. For data analysis X2 and pearson correlation coefficient were used. The result indicate that in general most of nurses in our sample located in good level of T.M.B. In addition most of sample (50%) experience occupational stress in the normal level. There was no meaningful relationship between occupational stress and personal characteristic Finally Meaningful relation is seen between T.M.B and occupational stress (r= -0.81 P< 0.001).

The study of personality characteristics of students has always been considered important to pedagogic system’s specialists, consultants, psychologists and mental health professionals. Schools and their media have great impact on the development of the students’ personality. The present study was designed to evaluate possible personality differences between students of gifted high schools and students of ordinary high schools. Methods and Materials: Two hundred students (97 gifted and 103 ordinary) in their third year of high school in Shiraz participated in this study. They were assessed using NEOPI-R (NEO Personality Inventory-Revised) and General Health Questionnare (GHQ-28). The results show that students of gifted schools obtained higher scores on the openness to experiences domain of NEO PI-R and had lower scores in the agreeableness domain when compared to students of ordinary schools. Female subjects had higher scores in the agreeableness domain as compared to male subjects. The results show that students from gifted schools have better mental health condition when compared with students from ordinary high schools. The findings suggest that students attending gifted high schools have different personality characteristics and mental health conditions when compared with ordinary high school students.