فهرست مطالب

Journal of Medical Education
Volume:5 Issue: 4, Nov 2003

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1382/08/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Page 1
    A survey was conducted of physicians in practice, to determine the criteria that would lead the study of a particular condition to be an important component of clerkship training in internal medicine. Four such criteria weresuggested: the prevalence of the condition in practice, the urgency with which it requires attention, the severity in terms of morbidity and mortality and the cost effectiveness of the intervention. The responses suggest that those inpractice see prevalence, urgency and severity as criteria of almost equal weight, but place cost-effectiveness on a much lower priority. Unexpectedly, those who have been in practice many years are more concerned about the role of the cost-effectiveness of the intervention than recent graduates. Also specialists see this as being a more importantcriterion that family practitioners. Those with a faculty position in academic medicine have views which are similar to those who do not. Thus, in attempting to design the ideal clerkship, there is a widespread view that the role of cost effectiveness in treatment should receive a lower priority in determining curriculum content than prevalence, urgencyor severity. On the basis of these data, the request that there be increased weight of cost-effectiveness in determining curriculum content, will not receive strong endorsement from those in practice.
  • Page 2
    Background
    Lesson plan plays an important role in structuring the activity of the teacher and hence facilitates learning. It seems that our faculty members don''t have enough knowledge about appropriate lesson planning.
    Purpose
    The objective of this study was to determine if the educational workshops could improve the design of the lesson plan.
    Methods
    251 lesson plans from 235 faculty members were evaluated before and after the workshops, arranged to pave the way for appropriate design of lesson plan and application of cognitive domains action verbs according to bloom''s taxonomy of cognitive domain and Indiana university lesson plan format.
    Results
    Before workshops, 20.9% of the staffs'' lesson plans designed correctly, 12% designed incorrectly and 67.1% of the staff didn''t have lesson plan. After the workshops correct designs increased to 49.3%, incorrect design 17.4%and lack of lesson plans decreased to 34.3%. correct application of action verbs before the workshops showed 51.5% which dropped to 31.7% after workshops.
    Conclusion
    Lesson planning workshops have considerable effect on the level of cognitive domain (in terms of bloom''s taxonomy) and also improve the abilities of staffs in appropriate design and format of lesson plans.
  • Page 3
    Purpose
    Students are presented with a variety of case formulas to promote the development of clinical reasoning..
    Methods
    120 third-year medical students at our medical university were randomly assigned to 18 small groups. After each ICM (Introduction to clinical Medicine) course, they were given a paper case. A few days later small group sessions were formed and students asked tutors some questions to have more history and physical examinationdata and discussed and developed a differential diagnosis list. Then, all small groups met in a large group session for further discussion. After that, back to small groups, students ordered paraclinical tests and they were given the results by tutor. At this stage, each group tried to further narrow the differential diagnosis list and to determine the mostprobable diagnosis. Finally, in the large group session a consensus diagnosis was reached after reflective observation. A questionnaire was used before and after intervention. The small group tutor rated student’s abilities at the end of first day and last day.
    Results
    The attitude of students about the positive effects of MPCD increased significantly from the first day to the last day (P<0.05). the progress checklist of the student’s abilities showed a statistically significant improvement post intervention.
    Conclusion
    Our study suggests that using MPCD method is an effective way to increase clinical reasoning skills of medical students.
  • Page 4
    Objectives
    The present study aims at evaluation medical interns about ambulatory prevalent diseases at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
    Methods
    This is a descriptive, analytic study, which aims at assessing the clinical competence of medical interns in relation to clinical prevalent disease using the OSCE. The instrument used in this study was 20 OSCE staions designed by medical experts in this field.
    Results
    The results of this study revealed that 29 persons (86.7%) of the participants in the test were competent competently and 1 person (13.3%) was incompetent; that is, to say that one person in the whole group had not acquired sufficient clinical competence in managing ambulatory diseases. Moreover, the results of this examination correlated with the participants final grade point averages Namely, the top students in OSCE were also the top students in their medical education. Male interns performed better than females in this examination.
    Conclusion
    In spite of the fact that these students’ performance in medical knowledge and clinical judgement were favourable, they functioned incompetently in clinical skills and interpersonal attributes. Thus, education in these fields requires revision and new strategies for the promotion of medical education.
  • Page 5
    Background
    This research was done in the year 2002 in order to compare the effectiveness of video-based education with demonstrating method on gaining practical learning skills. The importance of practical skill learning especially in the branches of medical sciences, the existing contrasts in the effectiveness of educational methods and theadvantages of using some methods in learning, facility, rate and expenditure made us think about it as an important subject.
    Materials And Methods
    The research was experimentally done on 40 students of Nursing and Obstetrics education. The samples were randomly divided into 2 groups depending on their educational branch. The pre-test was done inthe form of written and short-answer tests in the recognizing domination in order to measure the participants’ knowledge, also in the form of a checklist in the psychological domination to measure their skills. Each group was thought one skill by the routine method, demonstration, and another skill by the video-based education method. Theskills were changing a wound dressing and washing the hands in the surgical way. The post-tests, similar to the pretests, were done 24 hours afterwards and the results were judged statistically.
    Results
    The total learning rates in demonstrating method were more than the video-based method (P < 0.043). The learning rate in the recognizing domination in hand washing using demonstrating method was 16.20±1.5 while using video-based method was 15.25±1 (P > 0.068). The learning rate in the psychological domination in hand washing using demonstrating method was 16.85±1.5 while using video-based method was 15.94±1.4 (P < 0.026). The learning rate in the recognizing domination in changing a wound dressing using demonstrating method was 15.60±1.8 while using video-based method was 15.5±1 (P > 0.831). The learning rate in the psychological domination in changing a wound dressing using demonstrating method was 16.87±1.3 while using video-based method was 16.12±1(P < 0.036).
    Conclusions
    The routine educational method, demonstration is more effective in practical learning skills in comparison with the video-based education method especially in the psychological domination. It is therefore recommended to apply this method and also to do researches in other skills and in other educational university branches.
  • Page 6
    Background. One of the main reasons of inefficiency in traditional medical education is the application of diseaseoriented educational system in continuing medical education, instead of a symptom-oriente approach.Purpose. To determine the most common and important symptoms and complaints among Iranian nation according to the viewpoints of general parishioners.Method. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire consisting of demographic data and 153 scaled-questions about body systems and organs, which were designed based on Likert style. A pilot studywas performed. Of 26217 GPs all over the country, 5000 physicians were selected by stage randomized sampling method. Of this number, 1714 GPs answered and returned the questionnaire.Result. Demographic data, the relative number of male and female GPs, and relative and absolute distribution of GPs were described and analyzed using Chi square test. The difference of GPs’ opinions about the most common symptoms were analyzed according to the physicians’ gender, duration of practice and their province of practice;there were significant differences found in some systems.Conclusion. It seems that continuing medical education programs should be planned based on a modern evidencebased approach and according to the society’s and practicing physicians’ needs in order to achieve a communityoriented medical education system.
  • Page 8
    History has repeatedly acknowledged the contributions of Iranian scientist to man kind. In recent years the courageous integration of medical education with health unique in its characteristic and dimension had reshaped the face of Iran''s Medical as any other change there has been short comings but the potentials created is promising. The article gives a brief history of science and specially medical in Iran. Present potential and possibilities of future is overviewed.