نشریه بانوان شیعه
پیاپی 15 (بهار 1387)

Numerous virtuous and literary women have risen to prominence among Iranian Shiites, of whom one is Parwin Itisami. She was a poetess of virtue and piety. According to her, this world is not a place for negligence, hedonism or wasting life. Based on her views, man must strive to ascent from this earthly world to higher world and acquire human habits. On her point of view, every thing in the world of existence is meticulously calculated and every thing is obedient to the commandment of Allah. In her poems, individual love is replaced by love towards all existents. The dialogues she arranges between animals or objects end in interesting educating morals.

Following foreign Fashions and imitating foreign cultural models is an important social and cultural problem confronted by many countries including our own country. The question is that why foreign models easily influence our girls and what are the factors that play a part in this process. To this subject matter closely, the writer has made a study of the causes behind the girls’ inclinations towards such models. According to this study, in societies, like Iran, girls do not have many entertaining programs including particular TV programs and thus to fill in the vacuum, they are very likely to avail themselves of dish antennas, Internet sources, school friendship etc. As a result, they began imitating western models.

Islam has unprecedentedly sided with woman in financial matters. Putting the responsibility of giving maintenance on the shoulder of man, it has freed woman from shouldering any sort of responsibility in regard with meeting family financial needs. All jurisprudents agree that providing maintenance by man is necessary. Maintenance consists of whatever a woman needs in her marital life including food, cloth, house etc. Thus one of the causes of maintenance is marriage, permanent or temporary, provided the wife obeys her husband. The legal basis of the necessity of giving maintenance is civil law, article 1106 and the jurisprudential basis for this law are the Qura’nic verses and traditions.

The introduction into Iran of feministic thoughts made Iranian thinkers to face new challenges in regard with the position of women in Islam and defend Islam against these new currents of thought. In his Risalatun badia, Allama Sayyid Muhammad Husain Husaini from Tehran, among many others, while commenting on verse “…” has dealt with the objections concerning women’s right to be a judge or a ruler. According to him, preventing women from participating in social affairs such as judging, ruling or holy war and getting mixed with men is snatching women’s right; rather it is a kind of giving right to women in a more superb way. According to this study, the Allam under discussion has ignored the benefits pertaining to the whole humanity and has deduced particular results from general arguments. The present article examines his work from a logical perspective showing logical fallacies this book is inflicted with.

The question that whether hijab is an Islamic achievement for women is some thing that has engaged many minds. To answer this question, this paper tries to pay a cursory glance at Iranian history from the ancient period down to the period of unveiling. According to this study which is in turn based on surviving stamps and carpets and on the accounts travel books have provided, hijab (Islam veiling) is not a culture imposed by Islam on Iranians; rather it is valuable tradition is rooted in the rich Iranian civilization and culture. Accordingly Islam has only confirmed this tradition adding some divine value to it.

Khadija was the Holy Prophet’s first wife who on the basis of popular opinion, who got married with him at the age of forty and remained with him till the end of her life. The Holy prophet of Islam did not remarry as long as Khadija was alive. Compared with his other wives, Khadija was more privileged; to the extent that the Holy Prophet did not forget him even after her death, remembering some of her good qualities including that she confirmed the Holy Prophet and embraced Islam at a time when every boy was rejecting him and that it was she who had the privilege to be mother of the Holy Prophet’s children.

After Khadija, Umm Salam is the best wife of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). Migrating twice to Ethiopia and Medina, partaking in many battles and defending from the family of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him), are among the factors that make her superior to the Prophet’s other wives. She was so reliable that Imam Husain (the third Shiite Imam) on leaving Mekka for Iraq, gave her certain trusts to pay to Imam Sajjad once the latter has returned. According to Suunite source, she is said to have reported some 378 traditions. Introducing her as a Shiite companion of the holy prophet in early Islam, the paper throws light on the historical events related to her.