فهرست مطالب

International Journal of Cancer Management
Volume:1 Issue: 1, Winter 2008

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1386/12/20
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Asadi, Lari M., Madjd Z., Akbari Me. Page 1
  • Zali Ar., Abolhassani F., Khayamzadeh M., Moradi Lake M., Jamali A., Salmanian R., Naghavi M., Mirzaei Hr., Kazemian A., Akbari Me Page 6
    Objective
    The policy makers and social managers need some criteria for building up the appropriate health status of the community and observe the equity and equality on it. They have to know the burden of diseases as a main determining factor for decision making,planning and programming. Disability adjusted life years (DALYs) is a criteria which shows the wasted life time due to early death and also wasted time due to disease morbidity and disability. Central nervous system malignancies are important especially in children and estimating the burden of these malignancies in Iran will enable the health policy makers to share the community sources, as appropriate.
    Material And Methods
    The estimation of burden of disease and risk factors was a national study that began on 2003 by the ministry of Health and Medical education (MOH&ME) afterestablishing cancer registry in the country. Here by we discussed about the burden of CNS malignancies as a part of this study. This study was performed by a special modeling and new software.
    Results
    Due to wasted life time of early death and morbidity, CNS malignancies are the third malignancy in Iran. Year waste in Iranian Population is 0.69 in each 1000 person.
  • Hanachi P., Fauziah O., Asmah R Page 12
    Objective
    In this study, we have undertaken efforts to ascertain the anticancer potency of S.crispus (SC) extract on diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and acetylaminofluorene (AAF) induced HCC with special attention to hepatic drug metabolism and to investigate the effect of SC on preneoplastic marker enzyme activity specifically of microsomal aniline hydroxylase (AH) activity and lesion scoring in rats treated with DEN and AAF and controls.
    Materials And Methods
    Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided to six equal number groups. In the first three groups, hepatocellular carcinoma was induced with diethylnitrosamine and acetylaminofluorene. Three groups in each branch were randomly assigned to receive 5% w/v of SC extract, glycyrrhizin or no treatment. After 12 weeks of treatment, the rats were sacrificed. Lesion scoring analysis and Aniline hydroxylase assays were performed as outcome measures.
    Results
    The obtained results have shown a significant, increase (p<0.05) of liver microsome AH in cancer group rats after 12 weeks. Treatment with glycyrrhizin caused decrease in liver AH activity compared to control group. Meanwhile, treatment with SC caused overall decrease in liver AH activity almost near to control group. Meanwhile, microscopic observation of the lesion score during hepatocarcinogenesis revealed that cells of cancer group without treatment were severely necrotic at week 12. S. crispus treatment reduced the severity in cancer group rats at week 12.
    Conclusion
    S. crispus only ameliorated the cancer incidence in the liver, however did not fully recover the liver tumor similar to the normal cells. This might be due to short experimental duration. The chemopreventive action may be due to the scavenging of the reactive oxygen radicals from the system, as well as inhibition of the enzymes responsible for the activation of DEN. In this study, SC extract may act as a chemopreventive agent which exerts its protective effects by inhibition of enzymes involved in metabolic activation of carcinogen (phase I enzyme i.e ANH)
  • Khodabakhshi R., Yahyazadeh S.H., Shahidi J., Mortazavi S.H., Alidoosti A., Mosavi, Jarrahi A., Shahrad B Page 17
    Objective
    Several studies have been published on the epidemiology of childhood malignancies worldwide. The primary objective of this study is to determine the relativefrequency of pediatric cancers in Iran.
    Methods
    Using a retrospective approach, all confirmed cases of malignancies aged 14 years old or less at the time of first referral to the department of radiation oncology of Jorjani hospital entered to the study. Registered pediatric cancers from 1972 to 2001 were classified into 12 groups according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC).
    Results
    Among 1881 registered malignancies, leukemia was the most common form (36.8%).Thereafter, in descending order of frequency were lymphoma (16.6%), CNS (14.2%), kidney (7.1%), soft tissue (5.8%), bone (5.2%), retinoblastoma (4.9%), sympathetic nervous system (3.5%), epithelial (2.3%), and germ cell tumors (2.1%). Only five patients (0.3%) had liver cancer.
    Conclusion
    Like other similar studies worldwide, leukemia, lymphoma, and CNS tumors were the most common types of childhood cancers in our study. Since relative frequency of cancers in referred patients to a radiation oncology department cannot give a precise estimation about cancer prevalence in the country, establishing a national cancer registry can lead to achieve more accurate cancer prevalence and incidence rate.
  • Mokri M., Guity M., Shariat Torbaghan S., Arab Kheradmand A., Arbabai E., Bagherzade M., Atri M Page 23
    Objective
    Evaluating the usefulness of the Triple Test Score (TTS) in breast lesions.
    Materials And Methods
    Medical records of 100 cases were evaluated and TTS was calculated based on of physical examination, mammograpby and fine-needle aspirationcytology findings. The diagnostic value of TTS was assessed according to histopathology results.
    Results
    Of the 23 lesions with score of 5, which considered as suspicious, 7 were benign and 16 were malignant. TTS less than or equal to 4 has a specificity of 100% and TTS greater than or equal to 6 has a sensitivity of 100%.
    Conclusion
    The TTS reliably guides evaluation and treatment of breast lesions. TTS 3 or 4 are always benign and breast lesions with scores greater than or equal to 6 are malignant and should be treated accordingly.
  • Shojaie N., Tirgari F Page 26
    Objective
    Detection of P53 gene mutation on its codon 248 between Iranian women with breast cancer by PCR-RFLP.
    Material And Methods
    DNA extraction of tumor tissues was performed in 53 patients with primary breast cancer. Designing primer for the sub-studying codon was performed with NTIVector software and detection of codon 248 mutation was done by Msp I PCR_RFLP.
    Results
    The somatic mutations of P53 on codon 248 were observed in 11.3% (6 of 53) of our cases, in which 9.4% were heterozygote mutation and the rest were homozygote mutation.This ratio is the highest reported percentage in the world.
    Conclusion
    This perusal indicates genotyping of P53 gene on codon 248 is important for Iranian women with breast cancer risk factors.
  • Motalleb G., Hanachi P., Fauziah O., Asmah R Page 33
    Objective
    Cancer is the second cause of death worldwide, among them liver cancer is the fifth most important malignancy. The aim of this study was to investigate chemopreventive activity of Berberis vulgaris fruit extract in hepatocarcinogenesis Sprague dawley rats.
    Materials And Methods
    Fourty-four Sprague dawley rats (6-8 weeks old, 150-250 g) were divided into normal and cancerous. The rats in cancerous groups induced cancer byintraperitoneally injection of 200mg/kg diethylnitrosamine (DEN) follow by acetyllaminofluorene (0.02%AAF) dissolved in corn oil. Animals in each branch were randomly assigned to receive either no treatment or 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg of Berberis vulgaris fruit. The animals were sacrificed after 11 weeks of treatment and evaluated for liver enzyme activities. In addition, Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to identify the expression of genes encoding markers in hepatocytes (albumin, α-fetoprotein).
    Results
    The activities of GGT, GST and ALP between the Cancerous and Normal groups were significantly different (P< 0.05). In cancerous groups treated with Berberis vulgaris, the enzymes activities of GST, GGT and ALP were significantly lower than control group (P< 0.05). RT-PCR as a very sensitive method did not show gene expression of AFP in cancer groups treated with Berberis vulgaris fruit.
    Conclusion
    Berberis vulgaris fruit can reduce the activity of liver enzymes and inhibit the gene expression of AFP in rats during hepatocarcinogenesis. These results suggest thechemopreventive activity of Berberis vulgaris fruit against hepatocarcinogenesis in animal models.
  • Mozaffar M., Abdollahi S.M. Page 45
    Objective
    To report a case of pancreatic pseudo papillary solid cystic tumor, known as Frantz tumor, which was discovered after a blunt abdominal trauma and to carry out a review of literature.Case report: The patient was a 14-years old girl who came to the emergency room after blunt abdominal trauma with an intense abdominal pain. She underwent emergent laparotomy because of the positive peritoneal signs and circulatory instability. The exploration revealed a large retroperitoneal mass. Therefore, an incisional biopsy was done and the patient was referred to our center.CT-Scan was performed and revealed a large cystic mass (about 14×10cm) in left side of upper abdomen, which was located posterior to the stomach. Laparatomy revealed a very large pancreatic tumor with extension to spleen, stomach and transverse colon. A distal pancreatectomy, sleeve gastrectomy, segmental resection of large bowel and splenectomy was performed. The pathologic report was a pseudo papillary solid and cystic tumor of pancreas. Clinical evaluation has been satisfactory without recurrence after 12 months of follow up.
    Conclusion
    Frantz tumor has benign behavior and treatment of choice consists of surgical resection. Pseudo papillary tumor may spread outside the pancreas, particularly in peritoneal cavity. Met static spread may be promoted by trauma, including tumor biopsies which should never be performed. The outcome after surgical resection is excellent with 90% survival in the long term. Recurrence has been described in approximately 10% of the patients.