Journal of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Volume:10 Issue: 1, 2009

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is one of the most common malignancies of the salivary glands. Since the microscopic grading of this tumor is one of the important factors for determining the treatment plan and prognosis, it should have standard and applicable criteria. The AgNORs method is able to determine grading, prognosis and power of proliferation of tumors and can be applied for Mucoepidermoid carcinoma grading.The aim of this study was to assess cellular proliferation in salivary glands mucoepidermoid carcinoma with quantitative comparison of AgNORs and its relation to histological grading.In this descriptive-analytical study, formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks of mucoepidermoid carcinoma were selected. Five cases were eliminated due to the exclusion criteria and 7 cases including 5 low grades MEC, intermediate grade MEC, and high grade MEC were studied. After AgNORs processing, NORs were counted by light microscope in magnification 000. The data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA test.Mean AgNORs count for high, intermediate and low grade MEC was. 65±0.7,. ±0.5, and 0.76±0., respectively. There was a significant difference in AgNORs count among the three groups (p <0/05).The findings of this study indicated that this method can be used for microscopic grading of MEC as an accessory method. Future studies are recommended to determine sensitivity and specifity of this method.

Elastic made from natural rubber is one of force supplies in orthodontic practice. Using elastic depends on the extension force of its different sizes as announced by the manufacturers. On the other hand, the elastic’s force is not constant and is decayed gradually.The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare three brands of latex orthodontic elastic with respect to initial force and force decay over a hour period.A sample size of 0 elastic bands from American orthodontics, Dentaurum and Unitek companies was used. Products with identical size were tested (The /6 inch and or. 5 oz elastic from each company). Two statical tests were employed: A dry test for extension force, and a wet test to evaluate force degradation in artificial saliva used to simulate the oral environment. A Dartec testing machine with load cell capacity of 00 Newton’s for testing was used. The extension of the elastic bands was times as much as the marketed internal diameter (standard index). Force measurements were made at 7 time intervals: 0, /,, , 6, and hours. ANOVA and Duncan tests were used.The results showed a wide range of initial force between the brands at the extension of times of the marketed internal diameter. The elastic bands from American orthodontics and Dentaurum generated a force below their marketed force level at times extension of their internal diameter extension. Unitek elastic bands generated a significantly higher force than that marketed at times internal diameter extension (p <0.05). The force decay patterns of all brands were very similar.Most of the elastic bands did not match the specified index using the dry tests. There were notable force degradation of all the types of elastic when they were subjected to artificial saliva immersion, approximating %8.6 during the first hour. An average degradation of % was observed in a period of up to hours.

Index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) has several applications and advantages for determination of orthodontic treatment need. Due to the effects of different factors such as gender, age and socio-economic status on treatment need based on self evaluation, it is important to evaluate correlation between orthodontic treatment need assessed by self- evaluation and real treatment need assessed by IOTN.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between orthodontic treatment need as assessed by IOTN and self- evaluation in 8- year old patients.Of 8- year old patients referred to Shiraz dental clinics, 0 were selected by random cluster sampling method. IOTN and self- evaluation questionnaires were filled in. In self- evaluation questionnaire, the mean scales for all the questions were determined as the scale of patient. The correlation between treatment need as assessed by IOTN and self- evaluation was evaluated by Pearson correlation and Partial correlation statistical analysis.There was a significant moderately positive correlation between Dental Health Component (DHC) and self- evaluation (r=0.5). Also, the correlation between Aesthetic Component (AC) assessed by the examiner and patient and self evaluation was significantly positive. (r=0.9, r=0.)The significantly positive correlation between IOTN and self- evaluation indicates that in assessment of orthodontic treatment need, not only standard indices but also self- evaluation of the patient should be taken into account.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic immunologic mucocutaneous disorder with various types. Erosive and bullous types are painful and require treatment. In treatment of Lichen planus, various topical and systemic corticosteroids are used.The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Adcortyl (Triamcinolone in orabase) and triamciniolone mouthwash in the treatment of oral lichen planus.This experimental study was conducted on 60 patients in two equal groups affected by erosive or atrophic lichen planus. Type and size of the lesions were gathered by mm and the severity of pain by VAS. The first group was treated with %0. triamciniolone mouthwash and the second group by Adcortyl (triamcinolone in orabase). The patients were evaluated after one month. The size of lesions and severity of pain were recorded and compared before and after treatment. The data were analyzed using T- test. This study showed a significant reduction in the size and severity of pain of the lesions after treatment using %0. triamcinolone mouthwash and Adcortyl in each group, but the difference between the two groups was not significant.Adcortyl and triamcinolone mouthwash were useful in healing and reduction of pain from lesion. The properties of triamcinolone mouth wash including internal production of triamcinolone ampoule, easy formulation and availability, convenient use, contact with the distal surfaces of the oral cavity, and preventing new eruptions introduces it as a useful drug to control the symptoms of OLP.

Appropriate diagnosis in oral medicine requires expertise, experience and the use of several other related fields. One of the important fields in this domain is oral pathology.The purpose of this study was to investigate the consistency of clinical diagnosis and pathological reports of oral lesions in patients referring to oral pathological department of Kerman dentistry school during 995- 00.The present research is a descriptive- analytic and retrospective study in which all of the samples referred to the pathology department in Kerman dental school during 995 to 00 were considered. The corresponding data were analyzed by Chi-Squire and T tests using SPSS. 5 program for statistical analysis. The histopathologic finding and clinical diagnosis were in the same line in cases (6.87%) The highest percentage of proper diagnosis was found in the eight decade with the location in gingival lesions. The lowest percentage of agreement was found in the third decade and in the lesions of mouth floor. Based on the findings of the present research, it seems that the clinical diagnosis is not consistent with pathological finding in about one third of cases. Therefore, the students should be provided with sufficient information about the importance of careful recording of the patient’s characteristics and documentation of oral lesions in the charts.

Although acrylic resin materials have great features for making artificial dentures, but still dimensional change is a common problem in processing them. The aim of this study was to compare the linear dimensional changes of two heat-cure acrylic resins. In this descriptive study, twenty specimens in two groups were made by “Acropars” and “Meliodent” acrylic resins according to the manufacturer’s recommendations in a metallic mold. Dimensional changes were measured at one, thirty and sixty weeks after processing with a digital caliper. The results were analyzed using T-test, T-paired test and repeated measure ANOVA. Considering the dimensional changes, there was a difference in the first day equal to 0.± 0.8 mm, in day thirty: -0.09±0. mm, and in day sixty: 0.07±0.mm between the two acrylic resins, showing no statistically significant differences (p =0.). However, there were significant differences between different times of measurements (p =0.00). “Meliodent” acrylic resin had more dimensional stability when compared to “Acropars” resin but there was not any significant difference between the two acrylic resins in the day sixty. There were significant differences between different times of measurements; the maximum difference between these two types of acrylic resins was in first day after polymerization.

Statement of Problems: When implants are used to support an over denture, the optimal stress distribution is desirable to minimize the forces on the implants. The purpose of this study was to compare stress patterns generated around implant supported over denture with two different bar attachment systems ITI (Dolder) and OT with finite element method. In this descriptive study, the stress distribution around dental implants in an edentulous mandible with two different bar attachment systems [OT without spacer and ITI (Dolder) with spacer] was calculated by means of three-dimensional, finite-element model of an entire lower jaw. This model was provided with two endosseous implants in the canine region. The implants were connected to a mm bar height and a vertical force was applied to the first left molar and gradually increased from 0 to 50N. Then, resultant stress distribution was evaluated. In OT and ITI (Dolder) bar attachments, the maximum von Mises stress values were observed in the cortical bone adjacent to the implant neck and this value was higher for OT bar (6.Mpa) than ITI (Dolder) bar attachment (.896 Mpa). This -D FE study suggested that the use of ITI (Dolder) bar attachment with spacer is more advantageous than OT bar attachment for implant-supported overdenture with regard to optimizing stress distribution.

Efforts to find correlation between ossification events in the hand and wrist, developmental conditions of the teeth, and chronological age can lead to assessment of developmental status of an individual as a simple and useful method.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between chronological, dental and skeletal ages among 7 to year old children referring to Orthodontic Department, Shiraz Dental School. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 0 female and male subjects. Sixty two panoramic and hand wrist radiographs were obtained. Dental ages were assessed according to Demirjian based on the lower left canines, first and second premolars and second and third molars. Greulich & Pyle standard atlas was used to determine the skeletal age. The results were analyzed using Pearson coefficient correlation.A statistically significant relationship (p <0.0) was found between dental and chronological ages. The relation between dental and skeletal ages was significant too (p <0.05). At the same skeletal maturity stage, dental maturation patterns of the male subjects were ahead and the G stage of the canine for both sexes (60%) coincided with the MPcap stage.It is suggested that tooth calcification stages in panoramic radiographs might be a valuable indicator to assign timing of growth spurt.

The human teeth have a lot of anatomical variations, and treatment of each tooth is under the influence of its configuration. Therefore, recognizing canal configuration is necessary for proper endodontic therapy, and lack of knowledge about it leads to failure in therapy.Since one of the most effective factors in canal configuration is race, we planned an in vitro investigation in canal configuration of the mandibular first and second molars. This descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 60 extracted mandibular first and second molars, collected from a number of clinics and private offices in Isfahan. Access cavities were made and canal systems were stained with India ink. The teeth were decalcified with 0% nitric acid, dehydrated and cleared with methyl salicylate. Then, they were studied to determine the number of roots and type of canal configuration in each root using Weine classification. Mandibular first molars were additionally cut in cross-sections in three points of the root and then canal configurations of the teeth were evaluated. For statistical analysis, Chi-square test was used.In this study, using the clearing method, out of 80 mandibular first molars, 98.75% had two roots and. 5% had three roots. The mesial roots had type II and III (50.6%,. 65%) configuration. The distal root had I and II (8.8%, 0.%) configuration. Out of 80 mandibular second molars, 90% had two roots, and 0% had single root, 6.5% of which had C-shaped root. In the two- rooted molars, the mesial roots had type I and II (.95%,. %) and distal roots had type I and II (88.88%, 6.95%) configuration. Out of 80 mandibular first molars in the sectional method, the mesial roots had type II and III (5.90%, 6.8%) configuration. The distal roots had type I and II (56.9%,. 65%) configuration. The difference between clearing and sectional methods was statistically significant (p < 0.05).In other countries, many researches have been done using different methods about internal anatomy of teeth; their results are different form those of this study. It appears that these differences are due to genetic or race factors and the methods used. Additionally, the results of different studies indicate that more attention should be paid to new studies on canal configuration of these teeth.

The signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders are highly prevalent. The etiology of temporomandibular disorders is multi-factorial. One of the new reported etiologies is the usage of various hard food items. This study was an attempt to determine the possible relationship between hard food usage and the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder.After elimination of other risk factors of temporomandibular disorders, 670 high school female students in five different areas in Isfahan city were selected by random cluster sampling. Signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (by means of clinical examination and questionnaire) and the frequency of using hard food items (in two groups and subgroups) were assessed. The Chi- square test was used for evaluation of the relationship between the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder and selected hard food usage. In the subjects who consumed selected hard food items more than times a week, the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders was higher as compared with others using softer food. A significant relationship between selected hard carbohydrate usage more than times a week and TMJ pain was found (p =0.09). Moreover, a significant association was observed between using more than times a week of at least one item of selected hard foods with TMJ pain (p =0/09) and TMJ sound (p = 0.0). According to the results of this study, using some selected hard foods more than times a week was related to temporomandibular disorders.

Establishment of VDO (Vertical Dimension of Occlusion) is one of the most important factors in prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous patients. There is no universally accepted method in VDO determination for edentulous patients.The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between VDO and facial proportions.In this descriptive analytical cross-sectional study, sixty four 0-0 year old dental students with class I occlusion were selected. The distances between subnasal to submental areas in the maximum intercuspation, external corner of the eye to corner of the mouth, first one third eyebrows to the ala of the nose and outer corner of one eye to the inner corner of the other eye were measured. Two methods of measurement were used:) electronic digital caliber to measure the indices on the face.) AutoCAD software to measure the indices on the subjects’ digital photos. Pearson and linear regressions tests were used for statistical analysis.The results showed a significant correlation between VDO and measured indices (p <0.00). There was no significant difference between the two methods. A minimal correlation was detected between VDO and the outer corner of one eye- the inner corner of the other eye dimension. A significant correlation was found between VDO and the external corner of the eye- corner of the mouth distance.It is concluded that some guidelines can be used for VDO determination. The vertical distance between the external corners of the eye to the corner of the mouth was the most reliable guidelines.

Evaluation of patients’ satisfaction could be a good index for assessing and improving the future dental care and it has a positive role in elimination of defaults. This study was designed to measure satisfaction rate of those patients who referred to Shiraz Dental School with a hope to solve some of the problems in this school.In this cross-sectional study, 00 patients with different age ranges, filled in a questionnaire containing demographic information such as age, sex, career and education and also some questions about the students’ behaviors toward patients and their ability in handling dental care, personnel’s behavior, hygiene conditions of different departments and guide signs helping patients in finding related departments. The results were analyzed statistically using ANOVA. graphs in relation to questions were prepared. Comparison of satisfaction rate among different departments was shown by 7 graphs.87.5% of the patients were completely satisfied with the health care provided. %8.5 noted that they would prefer to choose this center for further dental care, if needed. Thirty seven percent were satisfied with the appointments procedures.. 5% were satisfied since all their dental needs were performed in dental school. Fifty five percent were satisfied with the student’s clinical capabilities. Pediatric department gained the first rank among other departments in this satisfaction evaluation.Most of the patients were satisfied with their dental care provided in Shiraz dental school, but in some instances such as student’s clinical capabilities, pain control and students- patient relationship, there were some deficits that should be considered in course plans.

The mother’s mood and her attitude towards health services, dental treatment and their effects on her child’s oral health have already been studied. To the best of our knowledge, no research evaluating the direct effect of mothers’ depression on the child’s oral hygiene was found. Considering the fact that maintaining the child oral hygiene may depend on the mother’s willingness and attitude, the issue of maternal depression’s effect on the child’s oral heath is a subject for research.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mothers’ depression on their 5- year old children’s oral health.For this descriptive and cross- sectional study, 58 mothers and their children aged from 5 to years (mean=8.7±.96) were selected through convenient sampling from the department of pediatric dentistry of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The children’s oral hygiene was determined, using OHI-S index. The mothers’ depression was assessed using items Beck depression questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS Ver. 7.5. Descriptive and analytic outputs were obtained. Analysis of variance, t-student, and Chi-Square tests were performed to analyze the data.There was a statistically significant difference between the means of Debri Index (DI) in the two groups of children with mothers with and without clinical depression (.7±0.7 and. 5±0.8 respectively) (p <0.05). These results were confirmed by Chi-square test based on the frequency of children with good and poor debri Index. Based on the above results, oral hygiene in children of mothers with clinical depression is poorer than those with mothers without clinical depression. Children need emotional support, education, supervision and help of their mothers in order to perform their routine oral hygiene practice. Therefore, for improvement of the children’s oral health, their mothers’ mood is of great significance.