فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت (بهبود و تحول)
پیاپی 59 (زمستان 1387 و بهار 1388)

The past two decades have witnessed great interest into market orientation concept, based upon the premise that such activities enhance business performance. However, evidence has not confirmed regularities in different international market settings. This study investigates the market orientation construct and its measurement and its influence on the performance and the moderating role of environmental factors on the relationship between market orientation and performance. Through a survey administrated to 373 companies in Iran, 141 usable responses were received representing a response rate of 37.8 percent. Financial performance was measured both subjectively through the questioners and objectively through the data extracted from financial statements of company's annual reports. The findings show that market orientation has a significant and positive influence on both subjectively and objectively measured financial performance. Buyer power plays a limited moderating role in the effect of market orientation on the subjective performance, while market turbulence and competitive intensity show no moderating role. Finally implications of these findings for practitioners and academicians along with contributions to marketing literature are discussed.

The informational sources and channels play an important role in the process of tourist's decision making at different travel phases. Therefore in the meanwhile of reviewing the literature, at the first step, the informational sources and channels being used by tourists before travel departure phase, were identified through distribution of 98 questionnaires. Then at the next step, after travel phase, 480 questionnaires were distributed among tourists. Afterward, in the meanwhile of summarizing the information relevant to the personal characteristics and travel and situational characteristics, the necessary analysis related to the relationship of informational sources and channels, regarding the above mentioned characteristics. were accomplished. Also the significant differences between the informational sources and channels, at the before and after travel phase, by using SPSS software and Chi-square and Wilcoxon tests, were investigated.

Today, participation has been considered as one of the major and important concepts in the process of sustainable development. Administration and urban planners have always tried to get citizen involve in this process. Related scholars have dealt with those variables which influence citizen participation and involvement. This study utilized different means of data and information collection. Findings revealed that taking advantage of participative activity benefits, free time, citizen social confidence and urban administrative accountability were analyzed as having significant factors affecting municipality affairs performance. If urban administrations tend to better achieve organization goals and objectives, according to study findings, they need to cultivate a culture of public participation in their working life. In addition, holding.

At present age, In conditions that Marketing reviews a new generation of concepts, Social Ethics and Responsibilities has got a special place. Human health, pollution and scarcity of primary sources are tile subjects that vindicate attention to social responsibilities. One of the important tools for differentiating from competitors in this competitive world and getting competitive advantage for increasing market share is paying attention to Social responsibilities in business. In this paper, has been tried to investigate the relationship between attention to social responsibilities and marketing performance. In this research marketing performance has been measured by these three factors: Market share, brand reputation and getting Competitive Advantage. According to data collecting method, research method is descriptive. For collecting data has been used questionnaire. Because of newness of subject between this state's producers, this research has been accomplished as a Case study and excellent exporters of food industrial of eastern Azarbayjan has been chosen as statistic sample. Collected data was analyzed by 16' s version of SPSS software. At last, the results show that there is a positive relationship between social responsibilities and marketing performance. In other words, attention to Social Responsibilities cause increasing market share, Brand reputation and getting Competitive Advantage and improve the marketing performance of company at all.

Making decision on different management process is the main visible side of management in enterprises and is depend on availability of accurate information which is the most important part of it. In this respect, using computerized networks and integrated systems are increasing daily. this paper is about to evaluate the efficiency of implementing such systems on the process of proper decision making aiming to achieve to the prospected goals of enterprises considering the high costs of implementing integrated systems due to providing hardware and software. This paper aims to define the indicators and ingredients of evaluating the efficiency of integrated systems. Through the integrated designing of process with using integrated application within internal aspect of enterprise and using web tools in the form of integrated web portals on intranet and/or internet network platforms regarding to external aspect of enterprises, the implementation of integrated systems could be possible. In this respect XML language and SOAP. WSDL and UDDL protocols as the main tools for integration can be used which has been regarded in this paper and on the basis of abovementioned definitions, a conceptual model which indicated the efficiency of Enterprise integration on decision making process is proposed. In this study an applicable model for evaluation the efficiency of integral systems on management decision making process on the basis of 28 defined ingredients is designed and examined its results in Iran Electronic Industrial Company (!El).

This paper looks at small industries entrepreneurial development based on structural approach with special reference to practices in Iran, Arak Industrial zone public seminar and hearings can effectively improve trust and accountability relationships between urban organizations and citizen.

In this century, something that cause benefit of competition in organizations is human resources with quality, creativity and activity. Trough knowledge workers as important capability for organization to gain benefit competition and also main invisible asset. Nowadays old capital substitute with knowledge. Therefore, knowledge is not just a benefit competitive resource. But the only source and asset competitive. If an organization cannot use the correct form of knowledge as personal or organizational, tacit or explicit, in correct position then in competitive field will encounter with problems. Unfortunately, organization has some parts of internal knowledge and other sections depends on individuals. This duality between individual knowledge and organizational knowledge wants different strategies knowledge.

In this paper we exploring that how we can choose the best structure for an organization by using the concept of knowledge management also we examine the above issue in the an organization with organic structure (Leaming organization) and with stable structure (status quo organization).Thus, these strategies used to different models to planning, maintenance, compensation and control of human resources. Then, we present new propositions based on knowledge management strategies in human resource management.