نشریه مطالعات راهبردی بسیج
پیاپی 46 (بهار 1389)

Genealogy is a way of acknowledging social phenomena. A genealogic pattern is used in circumstances that signs of change, continuity, semantic and forming improvement appear in the phenomenon. Color revolutions are newfound phenomena in international relations. This can be considered in line with democratic revolutions and in the context of third wave democracy. If we consider the French Revolution in 1789 as the first stage of democratic revolution, the events in Eastern Europe that happened 200 years later, in 1989, could be considered as the second wave of democratic revolution. After this historical stage the basis for democratic interferences was founded in the context of color revolutions.This article tries to consider the process and genealogy of color revolutions through comparative analysis of such events. Consequential events of the bipolar system breakdown shows that processes and signs of color revolutions happened to change the regime in target countries. Reviewing these events indicates signs of similarity in patterns and behaviors in these countries that could serve as an organized factor in perceiving color revolutions and United States interferences.

The issue of “Color Revolutions” was considered in the late 90’s along with changes in the structure of the international system and the bipolar order breakdown, created a new agenda in international relations which had a cultural-social nature. Such a process was done based on cultural-media implements and processes. When social environment goes critical or signs of power redistribution are placed on the agenda, the international media attempts to publish agitated literature, concepts and symbols in order to prepare the way for changes in the political space of target countries. Thus, elections can be considered as one of the major turning points of color revolutions in the international environment, as in all of them there are competitions among political elites for handling the political system and power contribution. Therefore, color revolution is the relationship between the international interference of major authorities and the political transformations of the countries which are subjected to political changes that is based on cultural-media implements, social motivation and encouraging political groups to extra-legal actions. This article attempts to evaluate processes of color revolutions in different countries.

Managing urban unrests can be considered as the process of a comprehensive, efficient and prompt usage of available sources in order to control civil unrests with minimal damage. Certainly one of the major functions of managing unrests is to overcome the crisis and return to society’s normal status. This type of management is overt which its performance is in the public eye and develops public confidence. Effective and successful backlash against unrests is the essence of this management, and achieving it requires recognition of its principles and proper planning in facing street riots. This article tries to consider principles of managing urban unrests.

Social doctrinaires believe that the element of leadership, people’s presence, and the existence of a dynamic ideology are crucial for the manifestation of social power and revolution. In the Islamic Revolution of Iran, the deep link and profound devotion existing between the leader and the public was the most essential motivative power of the revolution. Imam Khomeini’s charismatic personality was not the cause of this devotion and captivation, but the historical link between Shia Muslims and authorities was the case which is obvious in different aspects of Iranian life. Thus, unlike other revolutions it was the Iranians who chose their leader consciously and wisely. Imam Khomeini was not only a leading Shia scholar having all the qualifications, but also a leader with an inherent talent, a sage who gave a new meaning to many religious contexts and contents contrary to the policy and manner of other revolutionary leaders, used the gist of his thoughts and actions to defend public rights; and was proud of serving people as long as he lived.