نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 2، بهار 1383)

Most of the psychologists believe that most of problems and suffers are resulted from depriviations. So depriviation of present causes other problems like depriviations in child. The current study goal is to define educational economic and social status of shahid's children comparing to shahid's students in Urmia city. Statistical analysis showed that control group's educational status was better than that of experimental groups, but considering their social and economic status, the difference was not significant. In the high school level, only on the second term of grade two the experimental group's educational, social and economic status was better than control groups. Methods & Materials: The present study is an analytic one. The samples were gathered from the students who were studying in Urmia 1379. A questionnaire was used as a data‑gathering tool. The study done on 534 people who were studying in different educational levels e.g., guidance school, high school, 120 people for each group and university level (27people for each group). Considering education in the university level. The difference was not significant, but regarding their economic and social status the control group's status specially considering the number of rooms and welfare was better than the experimental groups. Considering the rest of the factors, the two groups were the same. In order to results of this study children in primary school, high school and university didnt have difference and just in guidance school they had meaningful difference, so we suggest this problem should study.

Parasitic infections have got on importance in Iran and is considered as one of the health problems in our society. Upgrading hygienic level in different rural and urban centers, decreased its prevalence. This study tries to in investigate the frequency and number of infectious and noninfectious intestinal parasites. The patients characteristics were filed in the laboratory in special notebooks. Then all of the stool samples were investigated by direct observations Formalin ‑ ether concentration method and by staining. The results were referred to the physician. To all of the 1788 patients referring to Ghods clinic, 182 patients were infected by parasites. Form all the positive cases, 92.85 % were infected by protozoan parasites whereas 7.14% were infected by helminthic parasites. Giardia by 59% was the most prevalent. The percent of the parasitic infections were as following. Entamoeba histolytica (1.65%), Entamoba coli (21.97%), (Chilmastix mesili (7.69%) Lodamoeba butschlii (1.09%), Blastoeystis hominis (0.55%), Trichomonas hominis (0.55%), Taenia saginata (0.55%), Hymenolepis nana (1.65%), Ascaris lumbricoides (0.55%), Oxyuris (4.39%). Parasitic infection is one of the important hygienic factors in every society. As its frequency differs in different times and places, so its periodical investigation is quite necessary, This study showed that parasitic infections reduced during recent years but it also showed that Giardia has got the highest rank among all other parasites.

Hemophilia is a disabling disease that appears is in two forms (A and B). It causes many problems for the patient and his or her family. A descriptive study was done for determining of educational needs of parents about caring of their hemophilic children in west Azarbaijan. Date gathering was done by a questionnaire and interview. Data was analyzed by X 2 and Pearson tests. Every patients were <15 years old. 72.22% of parents had a poor knowledge about hemorrhage prevention. 65.37% needed education about hemorrhage complications, and 72.22% of them needed education about intra ‑ arther hemorrhage. 69.47, of them had a poor knowledge about mouth and tooth care and 43.05% had a poor knowledge about a good nutrition for their children. A proper education about caring of a hemophilic child can prevent from disease complications. Educational classes for parents and patients based on new information are recommended.

Diabetes is the most common metabolic diseases in children. The patients can enjoy from a normal life, if they receive a good nursing care. An education about nursing care in home was done and the reaction of diabetic children families was evaluated. the reaction of 27 diabetic children families was evaluated. Data was gathered by a check list about their interest for cooperation with researches, permission for attending in their home, attention to self care, interest for taking part in group sessions and asking for information about diabetes. 59% of families had a positive reaction to nursing care education and 38% had a fairly positive reaction, rest of families had a negative attitudes. the diabetic families must be awarded about diabetes complication for good cares from their child. Health professions, especially nurses have an important role for helping.

Operation depends on psychosocial and physiologic factors of patients and is unique experience for every body. It is a stressor and a potential risk for his or her health and interrupts in satisfaction. Awarded patients take part in recovery process and a short recovery period of pain complications will be appeared. Education of correct care methods, control of pain and anxiety can help patients after operating phase. A descriptive study for determining of educational needs of operated patients was done by a questionnaire in Imam Khomeini hospital in Urmia. Most of cases were female (63.3%), married (91.3%), graduated from primary school (42.3%) and (65.4%) of them were operated for the first time. 20% of them had a middle knowledge and 50% had a good knowledge about pre‑operation cares 60% of cases had a poor knowledge a 40% had a good knowledge about post‑operation cares. Most of cases didnt know about education of post‑operation care. Many works must be done about teaching them Nurses and other health professionals.

The nursing principle and spirit is producing and establishing of nurse /client communication. In order to have as suitable communication with clients, nurses need to have knowledge, perception and squiring special skills in establishing human communication. For the aim of having most efficiency nursing students must acquire necessary knowledge and skills for their future profession, because they will graduate very soon and must fulfil conferred duties. Therefore in order to recognition of students communicative skills and offering guidance's for increasing their skills, performing of a study in this field seems to be necessary. Methods & Materials: In order to investigation of communication skills of student nurses, a descriptive study was carried out by researchers. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire. The study population included all nursing students of Urmia nursing and midwifery College that all of the senior students (40) have chosen among them. Results Showed that most of the samples (82. 5%) had moderate levels of communication skills with their clients, and % 11. 11 of the 8th semester students owned good levels of communicative skills, respectively. Paying attention to the research main objective» Appointing senior nursing students communicative skills with their clients «, the results showed that most of the senior students had moderate levels of communicative skills with their clients. Therefore, according to the results of the research, it is suggested to managers and instructors of Urmia nursing and midwifery college to pay more attention to educational levels (both theoretically and clinically) of their students. So that by their efforts and ambitions, we can realize a considerable promotion in nursing profession levels quality.