فصلنامه پژوهش و توسعه فناوری
پیاپی 1 (1388)

This article focuses on estimating the minimum efficient scale of iran’s food processing industry according to the ISIC two, three and four digit codes, during the third development plan. In this study different methods of estimating the minimum efficient scale are introduced and the Comanor & Wilson method is chosen as the method of estimating the MES with applying three variables: assets, production and employment. The results show that the minimum efficient scale of production of food processing industry doesn’t have a stable tendency during these years. From the view of employment variable these variations in the current five years (except the year 1983) has decreasing tendency. This issue shows that the current industry is shrinking according to the employment variable. We can consider the decrease in the number of employers as the increase in the level of technology, increase in the productivity of employment or the market qualifications. Moreover, this trend can be in accordance with the worldwide variations and increase in the role of small and medium firms in economics.

With the increasing complexity and emerging challenges in the competitive environment, organizations are facing more difficulties to survive. The recent global financial crisis folloed by the worst economic recession since the Second World War that forced even giant organization like Chrysler and General Motors to leave the market, suggests that firms’ survival remains the primary concern of top managers throughout the world. The study is mainly concerned with the formulating and prioritizing of strategies of a regional power generator manufacturing firm that is thought to have significance impact on its performance. Data for our survey research was collected from a population consisting of firm’s top and middle managers, as well as its customers and suppliers using a designed questionnaire and semi-structured interview.Data analysis using appropriate statistics resulted in fifteen grand strategies in line with the firm’s goals and vision. Suggested strategies were also nanlyzed utilizing TOPSIS Model to provide the firm with information on the priorities of the strategies. Detailed report of the existing situation and proposed strategies were provided to assist top management in their decision making in dealing with the increasing environmental uncertainty.

In technology management, after organizational needs for a special kind of technology proved and organization recognized that with adopting a special technology can reach its own goals, now it is a time of, selection one of the numerous choices. Various models for technology selection has been mentioned that each one of these models to elements, obligations, and assumptions in technology selection has depended and his own valuation based on it.So on the purpose of technology selection, in this paper a model has been presented, till it can be done, operations for technology selection formulate in an organization in such a way that after determining important indicators in valuating selections and appointing scale of preference, each one of selections in every indictaor by the a aid of combined obtained results from environmental factors model and method of found structure preference stacking grade for making rich evaluations (PROMETHEE), an appropriate technology is selected.

For empowered organizations ¢ers for presentation best services with most effectiveness and adapt with most effectiveness and adapt with people demand is considered together technical layers &infrastructure and manner presentation electronic services. Purpose of this research is emphasizing on prevention from notice to presentation electronic services without notice to degree electronic maturity. Research method is descriptive and analytical. Incidental to effective services, for people is considering together services (Spreading information, automation, portal, common comprehensive, full transactional) in proportion with maturity degree (closed, initial, planned, and realized)because two classify maturity degree action with together have correlation. The results show that between and electronic services Levels and degree maturity in reprehensive centers of electronic services in masshad city are relationship.

This paper investigates how to implement a public citizen education system based on information communication technology in religious metropolis of Mashhad. It reviews the background of the subject and deploys opportunities in non-formal education of citizens and goes on by explaining a realizable architecture and its elements. It further continues by introducing a system composed of controllable displays by central content management along with a its cost-benefit analysis.

Technology as an operational use of scientifically knowledge, perpetually faced to change and in this situation, pattern of interaction between " different aspects of technological innovation " and " effective consideration upon transfer of technology " is very important. In fact, this mutually relationship caused that accompaniment accelerated process to creation of high - tech specifically multi or dual- use technology, political and economical considerations that effect upon that, lead to security - strategically consideration. This article in base of "interdisciplinary approach" and specifically case study of " U.S foreign policy about transfer of technology" and also" multilateral (international) arrangements of export or transfer of technology", considering quality of effectiveness that considerations of security-strategic to worldly trends of technology transfer.

This paper, explain about Balanced Score Card (BSC) and display the role of BSC whether increase improvement and productivity in Iranian auto parts companies. The BSC is one of the major developments in management accounting in the past. The balanced scorecard is a conceptual framework for translating an organization's vision into a set of performance indicators distributed among four perspectives: Financial, Customer, Internal Business Processes and Learning and Growth. Most of the parts and auto parts manufactured in Iranian companies have traditional system in their evaluation. We think these systems need to change their ways and view. Success for such organizations should be measured by how effectively and efficiently these organizations meet the needs of their stakeholders. By this proposal we can perceive that, why these systems have problems in their evaluation. All of these companies centered in first section in perspectives. The most important aim and goal in this project,is searching about challenge in these companies and give goods idea and new ways to improve it. Auto parts have three perspectives (financial, customers and internal processes) but in the fourth perspective have weakness. Generally speaking, if we want to be successful like as developed countries, should integrate all of perspectives with each others. Therefore we should be improve in learning with different ways in education's system.