نشریه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی محیطی
سال بیست و یکم شماره 2 (پیاپی 38، تابستان 1389)

Travertine platforms of Takhteh Soleyman, which is located on the northwest of Iran have been created by deposition of limestone springs. The water of lake springs which flow out from two vents. have many solutions that are same deposit wall on the channels of spring flow out. Narrow calcites massive have been made special morphology on the surface of limestone. The aim of this study is identification of effective factors on creating these phenomena, classification and the role of them on travertine morphology of archaeological territory of Takhteh Soleyman region. In this study have been applied digging and cutting of below of channels, measurement of calcite sedimentation rate, chemical analysis of flow water and presentation of morphology using GIS technique. The results of this study show that creations of these channels are related to velocity of flow water, increasing of temperature and decreasing of partial pressure of CO2. Increasing of altitude, falling and displacement of self built channels of velocity ratio of water flow and distance from lake. Self built petrified channels are classified to four cate gories on the platform and around. a) Self built channel inside of platform, b) Self built channel outside of platform, c) Tufa channel rock of Dragon, d) collapsed petrified channels.

There are many indices to measure and rank level of the province’s economic development which anyone have special importance, but computing and appointment of province ranking through these indices is very difficult, measurement of indices according to the single unit occurring. Number of indices are so much and choose special indices can be influence on the results of research and then selected indices have different importance. In this research have been measured levels of economic development and ranking Iran provinces using 25 economic indices. To Measure level of economic development applied different models. In this study have been used Factor analysis method to rank Iran provinces. Results indicated considerable gap between provinces considering economic development so that some of them such as Tehran, Isfahan, and Razavi khorasan are developed and other such as Ilam, Baluchistan and kohkiloye and boyer ahmad are undeveloped with poverty conditions and other provinces are developing.

In order to detect climate change in North Coast of Persian Gulf the information of 5 parameters including minimum temperature, maximum temperature, average temperature, precipitation and relative humidity, in three synoptic stations (Bandar Abbas, Bushehr and Abadan) have been selected for a 50 year statistical period (1956-2005). Then these information were entered in a database consisting of 130 matrixes (5×26) using MATLAB software. Using 12د„'> Kendal test and programming in this software, the climate changes procedure has been investigated. The results indicate that the average temperature changes in every 3 stations are similar to minimum temperature changes procedure which shows minimum temperature has been caused increasing of average temperature. Also results show that in every three stations, relative humidity has a significant descending pattern or it does not follow a significant one which is stranger in warm seasons. Study of precipitation parameter showed frequency of significant descending in all of stations for this parameter without presence of any not significant one.

Among the necessities of societies growth and development is to create some suitable spatial beds for the use of all people from public services and facilities in order to better movement and easier access. Disabled people, sacrificed and weak persons like other people have the right use public facilities and services. But the existing of some special obstacles in drawing, constructing and town making, have been caused that most of the city spaces, specially public places, public routes, parks and green spaces have rare conditions to provide needs of disabled people. Regarding purposes and existing standard, have been estimated situation of 36 parks in Isfahan according to the field observation and completed question arise by disabled persons. The results show that among the studied parks, 2.8 percent have suitable conditions, 30.5 percent are determined as rarely suitable, and 66.7 percent have unsuitable condition. So to improve the public places condition for more applications to use disable person and more exploitation from parks and green spaces and to provide these city places for disable people it needs to more attentions.

In this research the data relating to Global land/oceans temperature anomalies and annual mean precipitation of Jolfa station have been used for the 1960-2003 period. The main methodologies being used in this research are the Pearson correlation coefficient method, analysis of trend component of time series, simple linear and Artificial Neural Networks methods. The results of applying Pearson analysis indicate significant negative and inverse correlation between Global land/oceans temperature anomalies and annual precipitation in the Jolfa station. This is an indicative of the increase of precipitation and occurrence of wet years in during the negative Global temperature anomalies and on the contrary the precipitation reduction and occurrence of droughts in during the positive temperature anomalies. The analysis of long term trend components of time series showed that the annual mean precipitation of Jolfa has a decreasing trend towards the length of the period, but annual Global land/oceans temperature anomalies has a increasing trend towards the length of the period. Also we have simulated the relationships between annual precipitation in Jolfa station and Global Warming using Artificial Neural Networks. The applying different methods demonstrated that artificial neural network is recognized as a better and more accurate simulation model compared to the other models applied in this research, i.e., simple regression model. Different artificial neural network methods were used to demonstrate this relation, among which the Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) with 4 hidden layers analysis with back propagation learning algorithm showed excellent capability in predicting the correlation between the series.

Parallel to development and increment of large cities population, appearance of different and complex social-economical problems within the cities and entrance of large third-world cities into the global economics, the urbanism planning has gained new dimensions and caused a precise analysis of social and political conditions in the realm of urban geography. Towards recognition of developed and undeveloped state of the regions, it is needed to investigate the regional inequity patterns, differences of the regions and the prominence measure of a location in relation with the structure of similar locations in the city. Purpose of this paper is employing equal opportunities mechanism and gaining the inequities regional measure in urban zones of Isfahan in terms of under study indicators. The research method is "descriptive and analytical" that used few models. Along with the analysis, the thirteen-some zones of Isfahan municipality fitted into three levels of rich, semi-rich (medium), and under-rich (deprived). Towards the recognition of richness levels of Isfahan urban zones, 21 under study indicators were weighted through Shannon's entropy model and in this way, TOPSIS was used as a multi-criteria decision-making method, and finally, by using the Arc GIS software, the richness map of the city's zones has been plotted. The results of the investigation shows that among urban zones of Isfahan, there are six deprived regions with priority coefficient of 0.22 to 0.34 fitted in the lowest level of richness and dominated the first priority of development. The second level contains four zones of the city which have the priority coefficient of 0.42 to 0.47 and embrace the second level of regional development. The level one contains three rich zones in terms of 21 studied indicators with priority coefficients of 0.53 to 0.64 that are in the last development priority.

Aeolian sand dunes originate from reciprocal interaction between wind flow and sand bed. Barchan dunes are one of the Aeolian compressive forms and are formed in areas that there is not enough sand to cover the entire surface and wind flow comes steadily from the same direction throughout the year. These features have been formed from quick sand. One of the most important of their characteristics is dynamic and lateral movements, that some parts of them are regarded as crisis and threatening focuses for urban and rural settlements, economic and military centers and communication ways. Totally, Barchan dunes move proportionally to the wind velocity and inversely proportionally to their height. Their movement rate is subject to wind velocity, three dimensional morphology and interaction between them. One of the most common of Aeolian features in south of Haj Ali Gholi playa are Barchan dunes. In this study, morphometric parameters of Barchan dunes and their annual movement rate (from 1387/1/10 to 1388/1/10) have been measured via pique. Using regression analysis method, type and intensity of relationship between movement rate and morphometric parameters have been investigated and models have been presented in order to estimate their movement rate. Using these models can assess annual movement rate of Bachan dunes in the field area easily. The obtained results show that relationships between movement rates and morphometric parameters consistent with simple linear, power and exponential relationships. The obtained relationships from relation study between movement rate and Barchan morphometric parameters represents a maximum significant exponential reverse relationships of movement rate with height parameter with determination index of 0.915 and standard error of estimation of 0.133. The recognition of morphometric parameters of barchan can act as an index in order to determine the condition of barchan system and also shed light on the its trends. Furthermore recognition and estimate of these parameters is a consequence from rate of threat and distribution and provide for environmental managers with the same, that their investigation determines different region from the view point of environmental management and prioritize them.