دو فصلنامه مشاور دامپزشک
پیاپی 6 (پاییز و زمستان 1389)

Aloe vera, also known as the true or medicinal aloe, is a species of succulent plant that probably originated in arid climates (for example in the the Northern Africa, cape verde, the great Iran, India, Arabian peninsula, the Canary islands and other arid areas).Aloe has been well known for centuries, from Galenus and Avicenna (The famous polymath of Persian) up to now, for its healing properties, and both oral intake and topical dressings have been documented to facilitate healing of any kind of skin wound,burn, or scald - even speeding recovery time after surgery. Situations to try it on include blisters, insect bites, rashes, sores, herpes, urticaria, athlete's foot, fungus, vaginal infections, conjunctivitis, sties, allergic reactions,, dry skin, cancer and even for horrible diseases(for instance AIDS).

Fast foods are quick, reasonably priced, and readily available alternatives to home cooking. While convenient and inexpensive for a busy lifestyle, fast foods are typically high in calories, fat, saturated fat, sugar, and salt. Fast food chains and restaurants haveresponded to the public's increasing awareness about nutrition and have attempted to help people concerned about health. For example, they now make ingredient and nutrition information available on their menus. Despite these changes, however, in order to maintain a healthy diet, it is necessary to choose fast foods carefully.Maintaining nutritional balance is not easy with fast food, because there is no control over how they are cooked. For example, some are cooked with a lot of oil and butter, and there may be no option if you want your selection with reduced fat. The large portions often served at restaurants also encourage overeating. Fast foods also tend to lack fresh fruits and vegetables. In general, people with high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart disease must be much more careful about choosing fast food, due to the high content of fat, sodium, and sugar. Knowing the number of calories and the amount of fat and salt in the fast food can help you decide which items are better choices. Many fast food restaurants have published the nutrient content of their foods. These are often available on request. You can plan a convenient yet healthful meal with the following information. Make better choices when eating at fast food restaurants. In general eat at places that offer a variety of salads, soups, and vegetables.

The African Grey Parrot (is a medium-sized parrot of the genus Psittacus, endemic to primary and secondary rainforest of West and Central Africa. There are two subspecies universally accepted. The Congo African Grey Parrot (Psittacus Erithacus Congo),The African Grey Timneh, (Psittacus Erithacus Timneh), differs from the Congo in its size, being noticeably smaller, in its maroon tail, and the pink color of the upper third of the upper mandible. Their sociability and intelligence can make African Grey Parrots excellent pets with a strongly devoted following among parrot owners. These same qualities mean that African Grays require special commitment by their owners including frequent oneon-one interaction and supervised time out of their cage. They also require large cages, a varied diet that includes fresh foods, and plenty of safe and destructible toys. They eat a variety of sprouts, seeds, nuts, fruits, vegetables, commercial pellets, as well as thesame nutritional foods humans eat. The owner must notice the parrot health sign. Some disease has been seen in parrot like psittacosis, bacterial infection, viral infection, fungal disease and parasite. Some of the more common illnesses are psittacosis (chlamydiosis or parrot fever); bacterial, viral, or fungal infections; feather picking (results of boredom, poordiet, sexual frustration, lack of bathing); allergies; chewing flight and tail feathers by juveniles, beak malformations in chicks; Papillomas; kidney disease (gout); toxicity, heavy metal poisoning; lipomas in older birds.

The Equine Family is one of the emenint examples of Evolution in Creatures. Horses now are living in Earth planet have been originated from their Small, four Digital ancestors. The ancestors were living on the river’s banks at the Eosen Period. After Fifteen million years the horses that involved the first generation of today horses formed. This creature migrated from north America to other places containing related ways at the ice age. Due to this matter we can mention the Fossils that have been discovered from Asia, Europe and Africa. Conclusively the Origin of now adays horses has been from north America at the one million years ago. They migrated from here to the other parts of the world. Scientists named the Creature that they recognized as the ancestor of the today horse Eohippus. They believe that this animal in a evolutionary road changed to now adays horse or Equs Caballus. It is important to mention that there are variety of causes which harden the recognition of horse races containing:1. Kind of food 2. Grooming 3. Kind of fostering 4. Use of horse 5. Exercise and training 6. MeteoThere are several important races in Iran that we can classify them to 1. turkoman horse 2. Arab horse that divides to a) Khorasani b) Hamedani c) Sherak d) Komeilan e) Seklavi f) Abian 3. Kurdi horse, 4. Caspian pony

Marine mammals are a diverse group of 120 species of mammal that are mainly ocean-residence or depend on the ocean for food. They contain the cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises), the sirenians (manatees and dugong), the pinnipeds (true seals, eared seals and walrus), and several otters (the sea otter and marine otter).The polar bear, while not fully aquatic, is also usually considered a marine mammal because it lives on sea ice for most or all of the year. They spread all over the world, one of the most places for dwelling is persian gulf, very important area in Southwest Asia, isan expansion of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Various small islands (most of them were belong to iran) and the Arabian Peninsula.It is the world's largest single source of crude oil and related industries dominate the region, by the way this body of water is also has very rich biological ecosystem, There is the afects that these bilogical groups may have a many effect global vital circle on the world environment as well. So far, however, the impact on the world environment has not been connected too much One of most important groups are here are Marine mammals, 13 group of them are reported in persian gluf, but as a matter of fact 3 groups of them usually are observed.In this study, We just try to intuduce the groups.

Psittacosis is an infection caused by intracellular bacterium, chlamydophia psittaci, it is a rare disease bird owner, pet shop employees and veterinarians are at increased risk for this infection. The incubation period is 5_19 days but some esmtimate it maybe as long as 28 days. the organism is resistant to dry. Birds infected with the organism may be apparently healthy but are often ill or succumb. Infection occurs through inhalation of aerosolized bacteria from avian feces, feather dust or respiratory secretions.Symptoms: dry cough, fever and chills, headache and muscle aches. Possible complications:•Brain involvement•Decreased lung function as a result of the pneumonia•Heart valve infections•inflammation of the liver (hepatitis)Elisa testing has been used to confirm the diagnosis infection in birds can be detected using pcr based testing kits. Treatment: the infection is treated with antibiotics.Tetracycline and doxycycline are the first line treatment.