فهرست مطالب

مجله پزشکی کوثر
سال پانزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 58، زمستان 1389)

تاریخ انتشار: 1389/09/29
تعداد عناوین: 10

فارسی
English

انتخاب همه

Seroepidemiology of H9N2 subtype ifluenza A viruses in human population

Goodarzi Z., Ghorbanali Zadegan M., Pour Aliakbar M. R., Saberfar E Page 185

Aims

Type A influenza subtype H9N2 virus is widespread among domestic poultry. These viruses were recently isolated from human beings in some countries and in several cases mortality has been reported. Since these viruses are prevalent in henhouses of our country and possibility of their transmission to the staff, this study aimed to determine the titer of the specific antibody against H9N2 influenza virus in serum sample of henhouse staff in Azerbaijan-Sharghi province.

Materials and Methods

This cross-sectional study was performed on 96 henhouse employees who were selected by census sampling method in Azerbaijan-Sharghi province in year 2008. T he titer of specific antibody against H9N2 influenza virus was determined by hemagglutination-inhibition test. Hemagglutination-inhibition titers Equal to or more than 1:40 were considered as positive.

Results

Hemagglutination-inhibition assay in 79 cases (82%) indicated negative result and 17 cases (18%) of them indicated positive result.

Conclusion

Although in this study specific antibody titer against H9N2 influenza virus is not significantly high, the results confirmed that a previous infection with H9N2 had occurred in the studied employees. However, it is recommended that for prevention of serious mutations outbreaks, the henhouse employees asked to follow and obey sanitary rules against Type A influenza subtype H9N2 infection

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Inhibition of pain and inflamation induced by formalin in male mice by ethanolic extract of saffron (Crocus sativus) and its constituents; crocin and safranal

Nasri S., Hosseini S. Y., Sahraei H., Zardooz H Page 189

Aims

Previous investigations have confirmed the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of aqueous-ethanol extract of saffron on formalin induced pain in small male mice. Since there is difference between ethanol and aqueous-ethanol extract of saffron, this study was performed in order to evaluate the effect of ethanol saffron extract on acute and chronic pain in small male mice.

Materials and Methods

This experimental study was performed on male NMRI mice which weighed 20-25 grams (6 in each test). Drugs were administered 30 minutes before 2% formalin solution injection. Then the animals were evaluated for 60 minutes in 5 minutes intervals. Inflammation was investigated in minute 25 by Mercury immersion method. Data were analyzed with one way variance analysis and Tukey's test by SPSS 9.01 software.

Results

Ethanol saffron extract showed anti-nociceptive effect in 5 mg/kg dose for acute phase and in 10 mg/kg dose for chronic phase. Naloxane, Dextromethorphan and L-NAME inhibited the extract action in acute phase as well as chronic phase. Safranal showed anti-nociceptive effect in acute phase and Crocin in chronic phase. Saffron extract with dose of 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg controlled inflammation 30%, 66% and 80% respectively, but Safranal and Crocin didn’t show a similar effect.

Conclusion

Ethanol extract of C sativus exerts its effect on the acute phase of formalin test, which is possibly caused by Safranal. Probable stimulation of opioid, NMDA glutamatergic and nitric oxide dependent pathways leads to pain inhibition in acute and chronic phases.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Construction of pcDNA/fimH cassette as a DNA vaccine candidate against urinary tract infection and evaluate its expression in COS7 cell line

Fallah Mehrabadi J., Khorramabadi N., Mahdavi M., Imani Fooladi A. A Page 203

Aims

The most important cause of urinary tract infection is Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) which produces type I pili. UPEC has intracellular duplication after invasion to bladder epithelial cells; therefore, cellular immunity is important in this case. This study was performed in order to design a gene cassette inducing cellular immune system against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli.

Materials and Methods

At first, fimH gene was amplified by PCR. PCR product was inserted to pcDNA.1 eukaryotic expression vector and the recombinant vector was confirmed by sequencing. The clone was inserted into COS7 cell and then assessed by RT-PCR in order to evaluate gene expression and the correct function of the gene cassette. Gene expression at mRNA level was evaluated by florescence microscope.

Results

fimH gene was well amplified by PCR. PCR product was inserted to pcDNA.1 eukaryotic expression vector and pcDNA/fimH gene cassette was constructed. COS7 cells were transfected in order to evaluate the correct function of this cassette. Expression of fimH gene in COS7 was confirmed by RT-PCR.

Conclusion

pcDNA/fimH cassette could express inserted fimH gene in eukaryotic cells and is a valuable DNA cassette for urinary tract infection vaccination.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Role of estrogenic receptors and oxidative stress on protective effect of aqueous extract of Silybum marianum in hemi-parkinsonian rat

Baluchnejad Mojarad T., Roghani M Page 207

Aims
Vegetable phenols can act as potent antioxidants. Silybum marianum has abundant amount of phenols which their interaction with estrogenic receptors has also been reported. This study was performed with the aim of investigating the role of estrogenic receptors and oxidative stress in protective effect of aqueous extract of Silybum marianum in hemiparkinsonian rats.
Materials and Methods
In this experimental study 60 male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups including control, extract-treated control, extract and fulvestrant (estrogenic receptors antagonist) treated control, lesioned, extract-treated lesioned and extract and fulvestrant-treated lesioned groups. Two weeks after stereotaxic surgery, the animals were tested for rotational behavior by apomorphine, the number of neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC), the concentration of malondialdehyde and amount and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA, T-test and Tukey’s post-test by SPSS 13.
Results
In the lesioned group, apomorphine caused a significant contra-lateral turning and reduction in the number of neurons on the left side of SNC (p<0.0001). A queous extract of Silybum marianum caused a significant reduction in contra-lateral turning (p<0.05) and reduced of the number of neurons on the left side of SNC in lesioned group (p<0.05) and caused a reduction in malondialdehyde production and increased the activity level of SOD (p<0.05, p<0.01). Fulvestrant decreased the protective effect of extract on rotation behavior, the number of SNC and biochemical factors in brain tissue (p<0.05).
Conclusion
It seems that the protective effect of Silybum marianum extract against 6-hydroxydopamine is partially mediated by reduction of oxidative stress and also through estrogenic pathway.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Comparison of short time survival and its related factors in patient with and without severe left ventricular dysfunction underwent

Naseri M. H., Mohebbi H. A., Moshkani M., Teymouri M Page 213

Aims
Although the prognosis of advanced ischemic heart disease is poor, coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with severe left ventricle dysfunction remains controversial. This study was performed with the aim of evaluation and comparison of the surgery results and survival in these patients, regarding left ventricular function and the dysfunction degree.
Materials and Methods
This retrograde cohort study was performed on 1024 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft in one of Tehran's hospitals from February of 2003 to February of 2007. Patients were divided into two groups with or without left ventricular ejection fraction lower than or equal to 35%. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical indices and Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis SPSS 17 software.
Results
One year survival rate was 90.1% for group who suffered from severe left ventricle dysfunction and 99% for the group without left ventricle dysfunction and there was no significant difference between two groups. The hospital mortality rate was 1.4%. Age, left ventricle dysfunction, renal failure, hypertension and NYHA III & IV functional classes had great impact on patient survival but effects were not significantly different between two groups.
Conclusion
Coronary artery bypass grafting can be performed safely on patients who suffer from severe left ventricular dysfunction, with a good short-term survival. Although adverse cardiac outcome and mortality rate is higher, it seems to have potential treatment benefits for patients.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Acid-base disturbances and its related factors in patients under total intravenous anesthesia

Lak M., Araghizadeh H., Fazel K Page 221

Aims
Ischemic preconditioning is a powerful physiological process in which previous exposure to transient cardiac ischemia provides protection against lethal ischemia. Several pharmacological agents can induce the same effects as this process, including drugs used in anesthesia that one of them is Remifentanil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Remifentanil preconditioning on coronary artery bypass graft patients.
Materials and Methods
This study is a randomized clinical trial which was performed on 54 patients, Scheduled for elective CABG surgery in year 2009. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The Remifentanil group received Remifentanil and the control group received normal saline. Then 5 samples were taken from patients at pre-induction, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after the release of aortic cross clamp in order to measure cardiac troponin I (cTnI). Postoperative inotropic use in ICU, length of ICU admission and hospital stay were recorded. Data was analyzed using inferential statistical tests including exact Fisher, Chi square, multiple measurements and independent t-test, by SPSS 14 software.
Results
There was no significant statistical difference between troponin I level, inotorpe use, and hospital and ICU lengths of stay between the two groups.
Conclusion
The protective effect of Remifentanil on myocardium was not proved in this study. Further studies with higher sample volume are necessary for definite confirmation.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Comparison between auditory and speech ability of cochlear implanted children

Ajallouiyan M., Aminsalari S., Nouhi S., Radfar Sh., Tavallaie S. A., Hassanali Fard M Page 233

Aims

Hearing loss is the commonest type of sensory loss in children. Recent studies have confirmed the desirable effect of early cochlear implant on auditory and lingual skills. This study was performed in order to compare auditory and speech ability after cochlear implant surgery in <2 years old children and children aged between 2-4 years.

Materials and Methods

This descriptive study was performed on 210 pre-lingually deaf children, including 85 under 2 years old children and 121 children aged between 2-4 in year 2009 in Baqiyatallah cochlear implant centre. All samples underwent surgery in the same center and were evaluated before implantation and 12 months after the device was switched on. Hearing ability was evaluated by means of Categories of Auditory Perception Scale (CAP) and speech ability was assessed by Speech Intelligibility Ratings (SIR). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-test by SPSS 16 software.

Results

The mean CAP score after surgery for age group under 2 years was 5.14±0.38, and in age group 2< years old was 4.38±0.21, which was significantly higher in the first group (p=0.01). SIR results didn’t show significant difference between two groups.

Conclusion

In consistence with other recent studies, t his study demonstrates that better auditory outcome can be achieved when cochlear implantations is performed in younger age. Noticing that complications are rare and equal in both groups, performing cochlear implantation before 2 years of age is recommended.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Epidemiology and survival analysis of colorectal cancer and its related factors

Karimi Zarchi, Saadat A. R., Jalalian H. R., Esmaeili M Page 239

Aims

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of important malignancies in the world and is the most frequent gastro-intestinal cancer. There is limited data on epidemiologic features and related factors of this malignancy in Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic features and survival analysis of colorectal cancer and some of its related factors in Iran.

Materials and Methods

This case series descriptive study was performed on 241 colorectal cancer patients who referred to a hospital in Tehran from 2004 to 2009. Data collection was based on medical records and phone calls. Survival analyses were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression methods in order to determine the survival and compare the survival rates in subgroups. Data was analyzed by SPSS 15 software.

Results

Mean age of participants was 59.7 ± 14.7 years, 22.4% were smoker and 24.5% had family history of CRC. Rectum cancer was the most common anatomic site of CRC and cancer grading reported well differentiation in most cases. 83.8% of study units were alive till the end of study. The mean survival time was 56.5 ± 1.9 months. The lowest and highest mean survival time were 47.7±5.8 for secum cancer and 61.1±3.2 for non smokers respectively. The highest odds ratio of survival was 2.12 (95% CI: 0.28-15.87) and belonged to patients with rectum cancer.

Conclusion

The mean survival time for CRC is about 5 years and depends on some risk factors. Evaluation of these risk factors seems to be necessary in lower ages.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian

علمی مصوب

توقف انتشار

مجله پزشکی کوثر

Kowsar Medical Journal

فصلنامه پزشکی

آخرین شماره | آرشیو

ISSN: 1028-7868

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صاحب امتیاز:

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله

مدیر مسئول:

دکتر مسعود خاتمی

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دکتر شعبان مهرورز

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فهرست مطالب

مجله پزشکی کوثر سال پانزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 58، زمستان 1389)

مجله پزشکی کوثر

Kowsar Medical Journal

مجله پزشکی کوثر
سال پانزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 58، زمستان 1389)