فهرست مطالب

Middle East Journal of Cancer
Volume:1 Issue: 3, Jul 2010

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1389/05/01
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Kazem Anvari, Mehdi Sielanian Toussi, Marjaneh Mirsadraee Page 109
    Background
    We assessed the effects of cisplatin-based chemotherapy, magnesium supplementation, probable contributory factors such as cisplatin cumulative dose and dose per cycle on serum magnesium levels.
    Methods
    In this prospective randomized study, serum magnesium levels of 59 newly diagnosed adult patients receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy were studied. The patients were randomly allocated to receive magnesium supplementation at a dose of 5 g IV per cycle (n=31) or to a control group (n=28). Serum magnesium levels <1.8 mg/dL were considered to indicate hypomagnesemia.
    Results
    The decrease in mean magnesium levels with continuing chemotherapy courses was significant in both groups with a more prominent decrease in the control group. In courses 4 and 5, mean magnesium levels were significantly higher among those who received magnesium supplementation than in the control group. Thirty patients (50.8%) had at least one incident of hypomagnesemia after beginning chemotherapy. All hypomagnesemia incidents were mild (mean 1.69, range; 1.52-1.79 mg/dL). Hypomagnesemia was more frequent in the control group (38.7% vs. 60.7%, P=0.09). Although age and sex had no significant effect on the incidence of hypomagnesemia, more hypomagnesemia incidents were observed in patients who received cisplatin in a single loading dose than in those who received the drug in divided doses for each cycle (71.4% % vs. 42.9%, P=0.056).
    Conclusion
    Magnesium supplementation at a dose of 5 g per cycle partially compensated for cisplatin- induced magnesium loss. Monitoring magnesium levels and magnesium supplementation is warranted, especially for those undergoing protracted courses of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Patients who receive the drug in a single loading dose might be more prone to magnesium loss.
  • Niloofar Ahmadloo, Farzad Bidouei, Mohammad Amin Mosleh-Shirazi, Gholam Hossein Omrani, Shapour Omidvari, Ahmad Mosalaei, Mansour Ansari, Halimeh Khatoon Ahmadi, Mohammad Mohammadianpanah Page 115
    Background
    We performed a prospective study to evaluate the effects of pelvic irradiation on FSH, LH and testosterone levels in male patients with rectal adenocarcinoma. Our aim was to compare the level of male sex hormones in peripheral blood serum before and after pelvic irradiation.
    Methods
    The eligible participants were 40 men with rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent pelvic radiotherapy as part of their treatment for primary tumor, either before or after surgery. All patients received a 50-Gy radiation dose to the pelvis, 2 Gy per fraction, five days per week. Blood was sampled three times during the study: once before radiation, at the end of the radiation course and 4 to 6 weeks after radiotherapy.
    Results
    Median age of the patients was 58 years (range 18-82). The mean testis dose of radiation per fraction in all 40 patients was 16.3 cGy with a standard deviation of 15.22 (range 5.5-64.8). Serum levels of FSH revealed a significant increase from 7.5 ± 1.7 IU/L (before treatment) to 20.9 ± 17.8 IU/L [end of radiotherapy (P<0.001)] and 24.1 ± 20.5 IU/L [4 to 6 weeks after radiotherapy (P<0.001)]. Serum LH levels were significantly elevated from 8.04 ± 1.2 IU/L before radiation to 11.6 ± 11.5 IU/L at the end of radiotherapy (P<0.001) and 12.5 ± 9.9 IU/L 4 to 6 weeks after the final course of radiotherapy (P<0.001). There was a decrease in serum testosterone from 5.3±2.1 ng/mL before radiation to 4.2 ± 1.9 ng/mL at the end of radiotherapy (P=0.004) and 4.5 ± 2 ng/mL 4 to 6 weeks after radiotherapy (P=0.035). No significant correlation was seen between age and differences in sex hormones (LH, P=0.605; FSH, P=0.380; testosterone, P=0.161).
    Conclusion
    There was a significant change in serum levels of male sex hormones after pelvic irradiation for rectal cancer (total dose, 50 Gy) that indicates considerable testicular damage under these circumstances. Thus, it seems logical to use techniques that reduce the radiation dose to the testicles and to consider the benefits of hormonereplacement therapy as well as semen cryopreservation for high-risk patients who desirechildren in the future.
  • Milad Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi, Mohammad Amin Mosleh-Shirazi, Reza Faghihi, Mohammad Hadi Bagheri, Kamal Hadad, Ali Alavian-Ghavanini, Zahra Siavashpour, Hamed Kasayi Page 123
    Background
    Limited studies are available on the calculation of radiation exposure and its associated risks for people in contact with patients who have been treated with permanent prostate brachytherapy. In this study the changes in the radiation exposure were calculated in different stages of the bladder fullness in prostate seed brachytherapy.
    Methods
    Magnetic resonance images of three patients with full and empty bladders and different prostate sizes (32-71 mL; mean 54.6 mL) were used for Monte-Carlo dose calculations. Dose rate to skin for each patient was calculated using MCNP4c, MCNPX.
    Results
    There were no significant differences between dose distribution in the skin relative to the changes in the prostate position due to bladder filling (P=0.05).
    Conclusion
    Our results showed a negligible change in radiation exposure around the patient due to prostate displacement after bladder filling.
  • Mohammad Motamedifar, Gregory A. Tannock Page 129
    Background
    Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein, which adds telomeric repeats onto the 3’ end of existing telomers at the end of chromosomes ineukaryotes. One hypothesis states that telomere length may function as a mitotic clock, therefore expression of telomerase activity in cancer cells may be a necessary and essential step for tumor development and progression.
    Methods
    The detectability of telomerase activity in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells infected with different passages of Marek's disease virus(MDV) was tested with the TRAPEZE® telomerase detection kit at passages 14 (P14), P80/1 and P120 for the Woodland strain, and passage 9 (P9) for the MPF57 strain.
    Results
    The results showed increased telomerase activity in MDV Woodlands strain at P14 and MPF57 strain at P9.
    Conclusion
    Our results suggest that MDV-transformed cells at low passage are a suitable system for the study of telomerases in tumor development and for testing telomerase-inhibiting drugs.
  • Amen Hamdy Zaky, Mostafa Elsayed Abd El-Wanis, Hisham Hamza, Hisham Zayan Abdel-Hafez, Nagwa Essa Abdel-Azim Page 135
    Background
    Cutaneous metastasis is defined as the spread of malignant cells from a primary malignancy to the skin. Generally, cutaneous involvement from internal malignancies is uncommon. No reports have focused on the cutaneous metastasis profilesin Egypt or the Middle Eastern population. In this study, we seek to determine the rates at which different internal malignancies give rise to cutaneous metastases upon first diagnosis of the primary tumor.
    Methods
    Patients with internal malignancies who attended the South Egypt Cancer Institute from January 2004 through May 2010 were examined and followed to identify cutaneous metastases, which were confirmed by biopsy and histologicalevaluation.
    Results
    Among 2208 cases of internal malignancies, 48 cases of cutaneous metastases were detected. The clinical profiles were similar to those from western and Asian countries, although the frequencies of primary tumors differed. Most commonly in Egypt breast cancer and urinary bladder cancers were seen.
    Conclusion
    The risk of skin metastases depends largely on the characteristics of tumor cells, which are similar among different groups.
  • Bijan Khademi, Hajar Bahranifard, Mohammad Mohammadianpanah, Mohammad Javad Ashraf, Negar Azarpira, Mehdi Dehghani Page 141
    Here, we describe young men with synovial sarcoma in the palatine tonsil, who presented with a 3-4 month history of progressive sore throat, tonsillar ulcerative mass and bleeding. Clinical and radiological examinations revealed that the tumors arose from the palatine tonsil and extended to the parapharyngeal space. Both tumors were too advanced to remove completely; therefore, they underwent surgical debulking during tonsillectomy and partial pharyngectomy. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies confirmed the diagnosis of synovial sarcoma of the palatine tonsil. Despite postoperative radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy, they relapsed 18 and 22 months later. The first patient died from unresectable local recurrent disease three years after primary diagnosis, and the second patient is alive after 36 months, but suffers from unresectable locoregional recurrent disease and is receiving palliative chemotherapy and supportive care
  • Mehdi Salehipour, Reza Mohammadian, Sara Pakbaz, Vahid Emadmarvasti, Ghasem Sadeghi Page 147
    Mesoblastic nephroma is a rare entity in adulthood. We report a case of mesoblastic nephroma in a 35-year-old woman who presented with left flank pain. Computed tomography images favored a soft tissue mass in the upper pole of the left kidney. The lesion was excised and sent for pathological analysis. Pathological and immunohistochemical studies favored a diagnosis of mesoblastic nephroma.