نشریه سخن تاریخ
پیاپی 2 (بهار 1387)

This research debates about Imam Kazim(A.S) From Ahl e sunnat sources in four chapters. Chapter one: is about Imam’s descent, in which Ahl Sunnat as well extend his descent to the Prophet(PBUH), with the date birth of 128 Islamic colander in Medina. As well Imam’s name, surname, and his title Musa, Kazim and Abul Hassan and hisperiod of Imamat 35 has been mentioned.Chapter two: is about Imam’s life, including his worships, morality, politeness, generosity, assistance to people and his kindness to all.Chapter three: is about Imam’s miracles and wonders which Ahl e Sunnat as well have written in their books. Chapter four: is about Imam’s period of Imamat which was 35 years, and Caliphs of the period and his martyrdom

Restricted area of the Azerbaijan has been holding different titles in the history. The Fourth century BC, The first independent government came into existence in the area. Which was called << ALBANIA>> or <> these both denominations have got different quotations. In deed there is one name but different pronunciations indifferent languages. The title of this government has derived from the ALBANI or ARANI nation which was the main race of that area. When Muslims conquered that area, step by step parts of Aran start to adopt their own independent names, due to that this name could not be applied for whole area.Some times this territory has been called as ARMENIA or AZERBAIJAN too. This deviation has been give it by rulers due to easy run. But in 1918 when the political party EQUALITY(MASAVAT) by leader ship of Muhammad Amin Rasool Zadeh into power, they named it, THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN. Still now this land is called the republic ofAzerbaijan

There are different factors in progression of the Islamic civilization in its golden ages. One of them is, to pick the cream of the crop among people by Islamic governments. This article is attempting to bear the efforts of Abbasi government in this case. This government is one of the most important one among Islamic governments inchoosing the best men among people to take their benefits. Discussing this issue can be beneficial for Islamic societies and the governments. Abbasian due to different grounds political or no political, used toattract the well learned people, like scholars and used to make education and search centers for them. Their these measures had highinfluences on progression of the Islamic civilization. because of that in short period Islamic civilization got deep strength.

among the leader of these movements along with the meddling of theforeigners put result of democracy into Hindus favor. Prejudice andignoring Muslims even in majority spots which enter into quarrelamong them and consequently it led the deviation of the Indian region.

The book of Description of different opinions on excellence and superiority of Imams, which is written by Qazi son of Noaman who was the scholar of Ismaeli sect. with all its importance, is writing about the excellence and superiority of six Imams, from Imam Ali(A.S) till Imam Sadiq (A.S). this book has got sixteen chapters, ten of them are just for Imam Ali (A.S) including his excellence and superiority, his wars in the period of the prophet (PBUH) and events after that period. There are convincing proofs of his not being Shia Jafari/Ithna-asheri. In the period of fourth Caliph of Fatimi(ALMUEIZ LE DINELLAH) he reached on the high position and became supreme judge. Though he had full approach to the main and the big sources of the libraries, has not mentioned his all references. His methods of writing are, not repetition, instead of repeating things he gives references to his other books. He used to publish his books bydirections and approving of fatimi caliphas with their opinions.

The historical circumstances which are spoken by Devine circumstances in Quran, indeed are the effects which ruled the all event of mankind in the history. without any limitation of time and place. Here what is explained is the historical divine circumstances in twosurahs Ra’ed and Ibrahim. In the end the historical matters in Quran along with first period of Islamic history, have been defined. While the translation of the verses of the Holly Quran have been given from Atyab- ol bayan interpretation written by Ayatullah Tayyeb Esfahani.

Abul Kalam played the important role in independence of India and in its new government. Abdul Kalam’s conception and viewpoints bear from his position and activities in the movements. He was against the deviation of the Indian region and he was bearing out in nationalism. One big India was circling in his mind.

Tavin Bi, in his huge book consisting twelve volumes which is named, inspection of the History, according to its scientific surrounding and deep look, has tried to analysis the steps of genesis and fall of civilizations. In this Article it has been tried to focus anddisclose his viewpoints on genesis and fall of civilizations. He in his early parts of the fourth volume, counts the factors for fall of civilizations, and along with evidence he puts his theory. According to his points of view existence of civilizations and their fall come byaggressions.