فصلنامه مطالعات و پژوهش های شهری و منطقه ای
پیاپی 4 (بهار 1389)

Tabriz metropolitan is the largest living complex of north west of Iran, which contains a very vast influential realm due to its locational situation. Because of political centralization, and the concentration of administrative, industrial, economic, and university activities, as well as higher level of expertise, specialization and services establishments, Tabriz plays the role of an attractive pole and primate city and a macro-cephaly in the region. For these reasons, its expanse is increasing continuously. During the recent decades, the city has undergone an irregular and rapid growth, and has experienced incredible population and spatial changes. Accordingly, the present article has been paid according to the spatial development of Tabriz between the years 1335-85 and analyzed the unbalanced development pattern in spatial extension. Results of this research show that the population increase, excessive in migration, hence the spatial development and distribution of the city have resulted in the deficiency and expensiveness of land and settlements, destruction of orchards and farm lands, oldness and evacuation of fabric texture, the reduction of cultural values and historical identity of city, handing over the unstable and potentially dangerous areas, deterioration of aesthetic aspects, appearance and expansion of shanty dwelling, emergence of surrounding villages and their changing roles, all threatening environmental efficiencies of the city. On the other hand discordance of spatial development of the city with the capacity of infra structures and urban spaces, and in other words, lake of the dominance of urban planning lawful programs over city extension has led to underdevelopment of city construction and has raised critical question on urban sustainable development.

The major part of the population of developed communities have been settled in cities and matched with urban habitants. So the rurally is an out of mind as wells an attractive concept for this part of population. This issue is a motivation witch the village concerned as tourism targets. The second rural homes phenomena. Followed by urbanism, enhancement of transportation and communication systems, increase of reaction etc. and caused some of socio- economic and environmental implications which require comprehensive analysis. Study of this homes situation in the region, citizen’s tendency these homes and their developmental effects on the environment are the main purpose of this study. The needed data set has been gathered via documentary methods and field operations and analyzed by using of SWOT methodology. The result revealed the newness of the subject, appropriate attractiveness and natural landscapes of the region, high tendency of citizen's time consuming in these places and also investing in different private sectors. Economical and physical investment have had both of positive and negative effects in the region and suitable spatial planning of these homes can lead to positive developmental effects in the region.

The metropolitans of Iran have been undergone rapid expansion due to the immigration from the rural areas to urban centers. The process of the metropolitan growth caused attracting population of villages surrounding urban centers, which, leads to creation of "new domains" with lack regular spatial features. It has neither urban characteristic nor rural typical features. This aspect called rurbanism. Rurbanism leads to expansion of environmental, social and economic crisis. This research is going to investigate the process of "rurbanism" & its consequences. These consequences considered environmental crisis including: Qualitative & quantitative crisis of water, degradation of green spaces & agriculture lands and creating socio-economic insecurity. Robat-Karim is the study area of this research located in south-west of Tehran. Data collected via observation of local community and field study, interview to members of Islamic rural councils, filling questionnaire in selected villages & rural health centers & some available documents. Findings were analyzed by means of comparative study, descriptive statistic and statistical tests (regression, Friedman method, T-student & Likert method). Findings shows that in concentrated political & socio economic systems, national metropolitan attract immigrants from all over the country. These cities, due to job vacancies & presenting services, that are attractive for immigrated people. Because of hare metropolitan high price of land & housing and also progressive transportation, low income people settled in surrounding villages. Presenting poor services decaying quality of life & natural jeopardy (bio-environmental & water crisis), economic insecurity (jobless & poverty concentration) & socio-insecurity (social anomaly) emerge as environmental crisis.

Compatibility and incompatibility among the urban land use is a result of the negative and positive of the neighboring uses on one another.in order to set up the land uses next to one another and their positioning, specific criteria are taken into account.This is done in a manner that the set up the two land uses next to each other is conducted with regardes to these criteria.the inefficiency of single- sided perspective and the need for having a comprehensive perspective regarding optimum decision making in positioning of uses, exploitation of different specialties, based on qualitative and quantitative multi-criteria have increased the necessity of using the "group decision-making" and "multi-criteria" techniques and methods more than ever. The number of the effective factors on compatibility do confirm the necessity of implementing the multi-criteria decision-making methods.on the other hand, considering these criteria in a traditional format is difficult, while through GIS application of the desired criteria in different layers of criteria maps becomes possible. therefore, in evaluation the urban land uses, we need to use the Geographical Information Systems for positioning model construction between land uses relationships on one hand, and Decision Support Systems and multi-criteria decision-making models on the other hand. The inherent ambiguity and lack of certainty that prevails the decision-making environments on one hand, and incompatibility and lack of precision in the views and judgments of the decision-makers on the other hand have caused the cumulative fuzzy theory and consequently the fuzzy logic seem efficient and practical in order to face the existing ambiguities in planning and decision-making. in this article, applying the AHP thechnique and multi-criteria decision-making models in fuzzy environment, a model is developed to evaluate the urban land uses compatibility regarding the main effective factors. Here, different stages of the proposed model is desired an explained.

In the scientific societies, have been conducted multiple and conflicting analysis about the characteristics of regional urban systems. The results presented have made trouble for managers and planners to decisions by reasons such as the definition of regions based on administrative and political limitations. The main purpose of this paper is to compare result of selecting administrative and homogenous regions in extraction different results by same models and techniques. This article has been examined spatial order of cities in both regions of Azerbaijan, including the provinces of East Azarbaijan, West Azarbaijan and Ardebil provinces as a homogeneous region, and other hands East Azarbaijan province as a political and administrative region. The results show there are very high differences between the characteristics of urban systems in homogeneous region and administrative region. The results show that by selection of east Azerbaijan province as a region, urban system pattern indicates primate city condition, but selecting Azerbaijan as a homogeneous region, this pattern becomes optimal primate system condition. Finally in this research we are emphasis on necessity of scientific definition of region in difference urban and regional development studies.