فصلنامه یافته
سال دوازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 39، بهار 1389)

One of the necessary bases to improve the quality of education system especially in universities is continuous evaluation of education process of students in different levels of education system continually. Basic sciences medical period is a background of study achievement and precise understanding of the next levels of medical courses. The medical students by the knowledge acquired in basic sciences period can solve clinical problems. Therefore present research was done to understand factors affecting the students’ success in comprehensive test of basic medical sciences in Lorestan university of medical sciences. This descriptive analytical study was carried out on 102 medical students in Lorestan university of medical sciences including all the students who entered the university and Participated in comprehensive test from 2001 to 2004. Sampling method was census and data gathering tools were two questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, descriptive statistics, ANOVA test, T- test and linear regression. The results showed that factors affecting comprehensive test of basic medical sciences were as: volume of the course, the final mark of the course, dedicated time in order to be ready for exam, importance of the course in basic sciences stage, amount of interest in the course, importance of the course in comprehensive basic test, quality of lecture,s teaching and how to use audio visual and laboratory devices by the lectures. In order to improve and achieve needed changes in medical education and regarding the important role of the courses of basic sciences on the students as future physicians, taking some amendatory steps seem necessary.

The transaction of human beings with one another and life in the present age especially with the contemporary technology advances have become so complicated that unless we describe a specific standard for each item and not obligate people to regard those specific standards, the lifetime will be tiresome. So the more the standardization and higher commitment to meeting the standards, the more the advancement and elevation of the society will be. This descriptive research was conducted cross-sectionally. The statistical universe of research was medical records department of 16 teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran and Kermanshah universities of medical sciences. Data gathering tools were five checklists adjusted by ISO 9001- 2000 international standards. Then the data was analyzed using indices of descriptive statistics. The results showed that in the hospitals related to Iran university of medical sciences the criteria of resource management with 77% had the highest score, and the measurement of criteria analysis and process improvement with 47 % had the least score; and in hospitals related to Kermanshah university of medical sciences, resources management with 61% indicated the highest score and quality management system with 33% had the least score. And the total mean of the standard criteria in the hospitals related to Iran university of medical sciences was 60% and in hospitals related to Kermanshah university of medical sciences was 46%. The rate of final conformity of medical records system by the criteria of the ISO 9001-2000 standards in hospitals related to Iran university of medical sciences was greater than in hospitals related to Kermanshah university of medical sciences. And total conformity rate of medical records system in Kermanshah hospitals was low. So the regulation of medical records department with ISO quality management standards can help to elevate its quality.

Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellate protozoan that lives in the genital tract and causes trichomoniasis in women. About 200 million people all over the world are infected with T. vaginalis. There are various methods with different sensitivity and specificity for detection of this parasite, that one of them is direct smear of vaginal secretions which is simpler, rapid and cheaper than other diagnostic methods. Demographic data was gathered by a questionnaire which contained different variables. Vaginal secretions samples were taken by spicolum and two swaps that maintained in glucose solution in separate tubes from 160 women referred to health centers of Khorramabad. One of the vaginal samples was examined by direct smear in saline solution and the other was cultured in Dorse medium. Of 160 women suspected of trichomoniasis, 11.8% and 18.75% were positive by direct smear and culture respectively. The sensitivity of the direct method was 63.3%. Our findings indicated that 30% of the infected women belonged to the 31 – 35 age group, which had the most relative frequency of positive cases. Most of the patients (43%) were illiterate or had elementary educational level. Conclussion: The sensivity of direct method is 63% in compare to culture (as a Gold standard), which is ralatively low. Although the efficacy of this test could be imporved by shortening the elapsed time between sampling and examination, use of skilled microscopists, and different samples, but we recommend that more sensitive methods such as culture and PCR should be used.

Suicide is liable for one percent of mortality and is one of the eight major causes of mortality. One of the planning factors of suicide is the psychiatric disorders, and two Internalizing and Externalizing problems have been found as the most significant psychiatric problems in suicide attempters. In this study, the prevalence of Internalizing and Externalizing in suicide attempters and their relationship with times number of suicide attempts and chance of suicide attempt in future were studied. In this study, 200 patients hospitalized for suicide were studied and a questionnaire was used to determine the prevalence of Internalizing and Externalizing among them. Also, times number of suicide attempt and chance of suicide reattempt in each patient were accounted. And their mean was compared between Internalizing and Externalizing groups and normal group. Briefly, of 200 studied patients, 120 cases (60%) were inclined to Externalizing, 70 cases (35%) were inclined to Internalizing and 10 cases (5%) were normal. The times number of suicide attempt had no significant difference in Internalizing and Externalizing, and also in normal group. Though its mean was further in Externalizing group than in Internalizing group and further in the both groups than in normal group. The chance of suicide reattempt was significantly higher in Externalizing group than in Internalizing and higher in both groups than the normal group. Internalizing and Externalizing are commonly associated with the risk of suicide attempt. The risk of suicide attempt in Externalizing individuals is higher than in Internalizing people.

In some people the inadequate amount of Beta-galactosidase enzyme, in layer of villous epithelium of the small intestine, causes the disorder of lactose intolerance. This examination was done to observe the existence of Beta-galactosidase enzyme that is produced by separated Lactobacillus from samples of dairy products (milk and cheese). Pasteurized and local samples of milk and cheese were perchased from Lorestan,Ilam and Hamedan provinces. By keeping the samples in MRS media and according to some phenotypic features, Lactobacillus were recognized. Through X-gal and ONPG methods the ability of Beta-galactosidase production was examined.By PCR method the existence of Beta- galactosidase gene was studied. Among studied samples 131 Lactobacillus(13 strains) were separated,which in media containing X-gal green colonies were acquired(but in different occasions).Green colonies demonstrated the existence of Beta-galactosidase enzyme in the media. In ONPG test, all Lactobacillus indicated the Beta-galactosidase activiy that in 25 strains the amount of enzyme was more than the others, (also the greatest amount of enzyme in a strain of Lactobacillus delberoki separated from Kermanshah local cheese was measured by 2010 miller unit /ml). In a standard strain of Lactobacillus Plantarum(RITCC 1273) and 29 strains of separated Lactobacillus Plantarum the 399bp band of Beta-galactosidase gene was examined and confirmed through PCR method. In dairy products, using Lactobacilli which contain Beta-galactosidase enzyme,we can help the people who lack lactose tolerance. Meanwhile those Lactobacillus that creat more Beta-galactosidase are more suitable to use.

Recognition of effective factors in creating job satisfaction can be useful in increasing it in faculty members and gives them motivation, which in turn promotes educational and research purposes. Considering this important issue, the present study was conducted to determine the job satisfaction level of the faculty members of Lorestan university of medical sciences in 2007. This descriptive, cross-sectional study included the faculty members of Lorestan university of medical sciences who had participated in educational affairs at least for two semesters. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire adapted from a job satisfaction questionnaire of Isfahan university of medical sciences haing45items including salary and fringe benefits, promotion opportunities, supervision and communications, job security, physical conditions of work environment, and job nature. The questionnaire was filled out by the faculty members, and the data were collected and analyzed as frequencies, means, and standard deviations using the SPSS software, version 11.5. Concerning general satisfaction, 41.4% of the faculty members had total satisfaction. The Chi-square test showed significant relationships between general satisfaction and salary and fringe benefits (p=0.001), promotion opportunities (p=0.001), supervision (p=0.0001), job security (p=0.0001), physical conditions of work environment (p=0.001), and job nature (p=0.001). According to the research results it is recommended that the authorities recognizing job satisfaction and unsatisfaction resourse, try to make opportunies for personal developmen, to select managers based on their competency and viewpoints of scientific members, using punishment and encouragement system and providing welfare facilities, raise the job satisfaction in faculty members.

Students may confront problems and difficulties during education periods which can impress their mental health. Social support is one of the factors that influences person’s health. The aim of this survey is to study relationship between mental health and social support. Statistical universe of this research was all of students of Lorestan university who were studying in 2009. 150 cases were selected. The data were collected using a questionnaire included three sections of demographic, the social support and mental health characteristics. Findings showed that structural sources and the social support functions have a significant relationship with mental health. Among kinds of the social supports; "emotional support" and among structural sources of social support "group membership and strong tie", had a significant relationship with mental health. Considering relationship between the social support and mental health, it is recommended that the authorities take dicisions and plan in a way that improve to get social support for students and thus influence the enhancement of the students mental health.

With industrial and economic growth and production of different compounds and chemical materials which human being has gained using natural resources for his ease and comfort, in turn, he introduces matters such as heavy metals and toxic agents into the nature, an unwanted process which leads to serious problems and dangers either for environment or for himself. This study aims at determination of heavy metals concentration (As,Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and Zn) in water resources and wells of Aleshtar during 4 seasons in the year 2009. This cross- sectional study was carried out to determine concentration of heavy metals including As, Pb,Cd, Cr, Hg, Zn in Aleshtar drinking water resources. twenty samples from five drinking water wells were systematiclly collected and carried to water lab. By use of express standard methods,samples were 10 times concentrated, then metals concentralion determined by AAP(WFX130) and data analyzed by SPSS and EXCELL soft wares. The results showed that concentration average of Hg, Zn and Cd was zero during the sampling and concentration average of As,Pb and Cr in drinking water wells were 0.0033, 0.0788 and 0.01 mg/l respectively. Findings indicated that concentration average of heavy metals in all studied drinking water wells were lower than standard limit and no significant difference was observed during 4 stages of sampling, consequently, drinking water of the mentioned wells are not polluted to the heavy metals.