فصلنامه مهارت آموزی
پیاپی 12 (تابستان 1394)

One of the greatest economic challenges that Iran faces in 1394 is the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) decline due to Oil price fall which will lead to recession in businesses in general. In order to reduce unemployment rate, creating one million jobs on a yearly basis is necessary, but the evidence shows that the government is unable to create more than 20,000 jobs each year, because of its filled capacity and the reduction in its revenue, and this should be carried out by the private sector. The research method is descriptive and its main purpose is to introduce a practical solution for employment development through running “Independent Sales Representative” course, based on available capacities, minimum investment of the private sector and identifying strength and weak points, as well as considering opportunities and threats by using SWOT analysis method. This solution which aims the most important element of business strategy, sale, has a close relation with the market and could enhance and develop current business situation as well as creating new capacities for GDP growth by increasing sales amounts and its growth. It also could create wealth and help to distribute it fairly.

Skills and training techniques with new technologies in today's world mixed media to create new jobs and skills. Study and complete and update skills training can be a step in reviving the economy and skills training to small yards or nearly free education but lack a proper welcome.This model can be effective and Catch skill training, especially in industry. One of the characteristics TVTO organization is agility and diversity. In order to promote and develop new skills that will provide jobs for young industrial and economical product. Followed by the renewal application and industry attention to the skills training is twofold. Attention to context jobs through new skills causes the sustainable employment. Strong simulators are a clear example of modern education in higher productivity, lower training costs, high security and less error ، easy access to real and three-dimensional installations and troubleshooting operating errors and transfer of technology and walks to fill the vacuum of experience and unemployed university graduates. The path is short and soon the technology gap is easily compensated.

This article is extracted from a research project entitled "Developing internal and external performance evaluation model for private technical and professional institutions in East Azrabayjan province", which has been implemented in 2014. To implement the survey "CIPP" model is used. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire survey that was developed with feedback from experts and professors concerned. Using "CIPP"model, first was extracted goals of vocational organization in relation to the private technical and professional institutions and so were identified factors and indicators and components of internal and external performance evaluation for private technical and professional institutions. Factor analysis technique is used to ensure the suitability of the data and samples and variables. Finally, an appropriate model was offered to internal and external performance evaluation of private technical and professional institutions. The model of the survey was presented with three factors and nine components and 102 Indicators.

In recent decades, many educational institutions has been pay attention to entrepreneurship in many countries.Most expertsin in  entrepreneurship, belive that many skills and competencies  in entrepreneurship can be taught.and currently educational institutions are reaponsible for teaching skills of entrepreneurial to students. Hence, entrepreneur must be included in the curriculum, especially in technical and vocational training. The purpose of this paper is design a curriculum ,based on the pattern of curriculum elements  in entrepreneurship. This paper  is explained  importance of entrepreneurship education and then entrepreneurship curriculum are explained based on the pattern of curriculum element,  that is, goal, content, teaching methods and evaluation In addition ,supplment explanation are offered based on the three types of entrepreneurship education, that is, education about entreprise, education for entreprise education in entreprise.Method is descriptive – analytical, and to collect information have been used papers and books.The results of this paper show that  the most  of scholars belive that entrepreneurs  is processes that can be taught, and  therefore should be included in the curriculum, especially technical and vocational training .In addition,  before training entrepreneurship, must be decided about elements of curriculum,  in order to curriculum have desirable  result and there are good agreement between the elements

Higher education and training to provide skilled manpower and expertise to contribute to the development programs of each country's unique situation.this study examines the role of the Faculty of Education and Psychology,Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in paid employment.

 by Case study method, a professor of curriculum includes 6 (2 Assistant Professor, 4 Associate) having the highest correlation with employment at this Faculty and the number of college students, as well as with officials of incubators and Technology and the Office of university with the community Semi-structured interviews were conducted.

Results showed that although all the professors do not emphasize the importance of the role of university on  employment of graduates But can be theoretically approved the emphasis of the majority of Professors and University officials on necessity of that issue.

Regardless of the theoretical conflicts in practice for the Special School of the University's graduates are in employment concerns.The students of the activities leading to job creation and training are useful in the workplace. Thus, it seems that we are witnessing the plight of graduate employment.

New approaches to learning and using them to improve and enhance the effectiveness of training and development of skills training is required. The present study aimed at solving techniques using education as an educational innovation to increase students' self-efficacy and empowerment. The research is descriptive method of data collection was internal and external databases Finally, findings and analysis of existing approaches and strategies in this regard was provided. The results showed that the method of solving the inventive method will facilitate the empowerment and self-learners Using this method can improve skills training and create change in this area have positive effects. Based on the results of this study, PBL can positively affect learners’ self-efficacy readiness. Preparation for self-efficacy learning is an important characteristic in students. These features should be considered for future planning and application of effective teaching methods with respect to the educational innovations  of each field and career.

This research is designed Investigation the role of skill, knowledge, technical performance trainees (Iran-Germany project) in response to labor market needs in Alborz  province (Iran)  .This study aims to answer the fundamental question that  how much training services offered by technical and vocational training centers can fulfill the needs and exceptions of  labor market. Therefore, .The questionnaires were given to employed technical and vocational graduate, employers and enterprise managers and   technical and vocational experts. Data obtained were analyzed by using statistical methods such as Chi-Square test, Kruskal-Wallis test and U Mann Whitney test. From the viewpoint of all statistical population (employers and enterprise managers, technical and vocational experts and employed technical and vocational graduate) knowledge, skill, performance of Iran-Germany joint project trainees have the most high compare level with needs and exceptions of labor market than the other trainees. Also, result shows that Iran-Germany joint project trainees' employability than the other trainees are more but the employment opportunity in labor market decrease.