مجله جستار های زبانی
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 5، بهار 1390)

This study investigates the link among the personality trait of perfectionism, reading anxiety and reading achievement. To this end, the participants filled the perfectionism and reading anxiety questionnaires. With respect to the measurement of reading achievement, student's final scores on the end of the semester test were used. The results showed that socially prescribed perfectionism is a significant predictor of both reading anxiety and reading achievement. Also, negative correlation was observed between reading anxiety and reading achievement. The results of the study led the researchers to hypothesize a mediating role for anxiety in the relationship between perfectionism and reading achievement. A hypothetic model regarding the relationship of these three variables was put forth which can act as a source of inspiration for future research.

Some languages, with overt case marking of their direct objects, do not mark all their objects in the same way. They only mark a subset of their objects depending on the semantic and pragmatic features of the objects. This phenomenon is called Differential Object Marking (DOM). Features associated with DOM are the animacy and/or definiteness of the direct objects. This article studies the DOM in three selected modern North-Western Iranian languages, namely Tati, Taleshi and Balochi. Aissen's (00) optimality-theoretic analysis of DOM based on the two hierarchies of Animacy and Definiteness was used as the theoretical framework for this study. It was concludesd that DOM exists in the languages discussed here and the cut-off point on animacy and definiteness has been shown.

The love story of Waraqah and Golshah is one of the first love stories of sela poetry in Persian in the fourth century and early fifth century AH. It contain contents the emotional life between the two beloved in simple language. The love themes in this story are indicative of its emotional power. Even though, Alaiouki has taken the source story from transmitted Arabic books and news, but he has increased its enthusiastic content, so distinguishes itself from the original. Therefore, the subject of this essay is to extract and make a comparative study of the love contents in this story with Arab origins (Orwa and Afra) on the basis of the properties of Othri love (virtuous). The results obtained. Indicated the attendance of thought and awareness-that return to Iran's culture and ancient civilization-which have had a significant impact in the selection of characters and their positions as well as the way the transfer of events. For example, in the sela poetry of Persian, love between two beloved person begins at school (Koranic schools) indicative of culture and civilization, the event that is not found in Arabic novels. In other words, meeting at Koranic schools is addition of the narrator of Iran. On this basis, we studied other the contents of the two stories using a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of the comparative study of the contents extracted in love in the two stories were shown in a table in terms of sharacters, time, place and things.

In this article, after reviewing the literature on the Persian plural morpheme «-hâ», we make a distinction between the two classes of Persian temporal expressions. Then we concentrate on the class of the temporal expressions that are marked with the plural marker «-hâ». We employ the interaction between these plural temporal expressions with Persian quantifiers on the one hand, and with wh-phrases on the other to show that «-hâ» contributes to its nominal host a quantificational force. We then propose a structure for Persian quantifier phrases in which the head noun of the temporal expression is assumed to bear a strong [+Q] feature and has to move cyclically to head Num and Q overtly to check this feature. This new explanation of the plural marker «-ha» is proposed within the Minimalist Program framework.

Expletives are dummy pronouns, which refer to nothing in real world, so they are used to satisfy syntactic requirements. This article considers expletives and their distribution in Persian language. It was claimed that there is some structures in which expletive is used in Persian language. These pronouns can be used in subject position. Since Persian is a Pro-drop language, this expletive can be deleted in subject position. Goal: This paper aimes to study expeletive in Persian language.

Cognitive linguistics is an approach that assumes language as a means to discover the structure of human being's cognitive system. Cognitive Linguists believes that metaphor is a cognitive phenomenon. The main purpose of this study is to show the human cognition and psychological role of conceptual metaphors related to car, computer, telephone and mobile in colloquial Persian. Through putting these conceptual metaphors together in public discourse, an idealized cognitive model of human being and machine was presented cumulatively, from which the following findings were obtained: In these kinds of metaphors, unlike the personification, inanimate materials such as machine are more significant, which convey their attributes to the human beings. In most of these metaphors, the attributes conveyed form machine to human beings, somehow suggest the human being's weakness and impotency. They also show the superiority of this powerful creature over its creator’s life.

Proverbs, as one of the early creations of human beings, have a high versatility of functions and applications in everyday life. Different nations of the world have much in common regarding their ways of thinking and cultural productions, as well. Hence, Persian speaking countries such as Iran, Tajikestan and Afganistan, which have had a long-lasting histo-cultural relationships during the course of the history, could establish a cultural study on the basis of such common features. Examples of such a kind of relationship could more easily be seen via studying these common folklore culture. This article tries to establish a comparative study between Bakhtiyari and Tajiki oral literature, while giving some examples of the common proverbs. A comparative linguistic, literal and ideological methodology has been adapted in this study while at the same time cultural interconnections are highlighted. This study aims to find as much interconnections as possible between these two notable cultures, while adapting a linguistic anthropological methodology.

This study deals with the words and phrases widely used in the spoken or written language of the people of a country for certain reasons for a period of time. Such wordings that can be called to have become “fashion”, gradually lose their application and change their effect with the elapse of time or even disappear from the scene of use. We call such words and phrases as “fashion words” and “fashion phrases”, respectively. The background of research on “fashion terms” in Germany dates back to the 9th Century A.D. and since then, countless books and articles have been written on this area. However, no particular research has been carried out on this topic in connection with the Persian language. Therefore, we first tried to gather a selection of the opinions of some of the German linguists in this area, and divided this title into two subtitles of “Public Fashion Words and Fashion Phrases”. Which includes the common fashion words of the majority of a nation, and “Fashion Words and Fashion Phrases in the Youth Language”. The present research has been limited to the first subtitle. For this purpose, i.e. to find a fairly clear cognition of the nature of the fashion words and study of their sources and judging their benefits or harms towards the language, effort has been made to benefit from the clarifying instances in Persian and German languages along with an equal comparative assessment between the two.