فصلنامه پژوهش های تاریخی
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 7، پاییز 1389)

Imam Qoli Khan, a powerful ruler of Fars and prominent figure of the Safavid era, was murdered by Shah Safi (1628-1642) in 1632. Consequently, the decline of Allahverdi Khan’s family was the important event during the reign of this shah, which will be assessed from different point of views. This homicide, and similar incidents during the time of Shah Safi caused the European travelers at that time to drawing atrocious face for Shah Safi as well as latter researchers. This paper, firstly, endeavors to analyze this issue based on the reports of historians while considering the views of contemporary scholars. Next, it will also examine the political and military situations of Imam Qoli Khan in the Safavid state, its causes and motives of his murder and its consequences.

In the eve of the invasion of Baghdad by the Buyids, in 954, several groups claimed to govern Baghdad. The first group was the Turks; the second, Baridiyans, who were rich and located near Ahwaz and Basreh; third, the Hamdanid family that settled in Mussel. In 941 an ally emerged among the rivaling families; on one side Hamdanid and Turks, and opposing the Baridiyans and Buyids, as the supporter of the Caliph, leading towards the Keiyl war. Finally, during this conflict Baridiyans were strongly defeated. The event changed the fate of Baghdad; the army post, amiralomar in Baghdad were eliminated. The Keiyl war also provided the best opportunity for the Buyid family. They found the greatest chance of the decade; the same they had looked forward to for dominating Baghdad. These circumstances smoothed the way for the presence of Buyids in Baghdad.

The Median Kingdom was the first Iranian dynasty based on a union of Aryan tribes and families. Following the formation of the Median government, authority of these Aryan tribes gradually increased and strengthened. Their power continued throughout the whole of ancient Iranian’s history including that of the Achaemenid, Parthian and Sasanian dynasties. Due to their ownership over the vast agricultural lands and herds as well as their influential position among their people and their military abilities they could play an important role in the historical development of Ancient Iran. This paper, based on available historical evidence, historical research methodology and theories, examines the role of these influential ruling families in historical development, in particular the rise and fall of the Iranian royal dynasties of Iran’s ancient history.

The Socio-political conditions of Islam, especially in the Middle East around the mid-twentieth century, created conditions for establishment of a movement which is called Hezb al-Tahrir (al-Tahrir Party). The party originates from Quds in 1952, which was led by Sheikh Taqiud Din al-Nbhani, one of the graduates of al-Azhar. The party based on "awakening the Islamic nation" motto, started her activity in this region. As the slogan suggests, the party aimed to break down the old-foundation constraints which had prevented Muslim nations in their progress and perfection. Among the constraints, the lack of political thought amongst the Muslim society was a very important issue. The political thought of Hezb al-Tahrir is formed on the base of Islamic government, derived by the Caliph who has the duty of operation of caliphate affairs. According to existing literature, this article analyses the operation and the political thought of Hezb al-Tahrir.

Amir Mohammad’s blindness and descend was mentioned in the beginning of nearly all sources discussing his imprisonment. However, the Beyhaqi history and Zeanolakhbar (Gardizi), the main works of the Ghaznavid dynasty do not mention these at all, thus the clarity of this matter is still left to be discussed. According to critics, it would be obvious that these two sources are provided by people with strong ties to the court of Gaznavid. Abolfazel-e Beyhaqi, one of the most outstanding historians and annalists of the court of Gazne in the 5th century, does not report on the subject of Amir Mohammad. The incident involving Amir Mohammad is only mentioned later on in literature, approximately from the 6th century. Therefore, the gaps between the early sources and later texts on the subject, cast doubts on the matter. In this paper the authenticity of the matter will be discussed by examining the quotations from available sources and foundations, to accept that Amir Mohammad had been blind in 1030; despite Beyhaqi’s silence on the event in the final part of Masoud’s regime. Yet this needs more valid sources, such have not been available so far. This paper examines the measure of valid references. However, the interpretation of those available references may shed some light on this issue.

Ghazi Kamalodin Mir Hosain-e Meybodi (Yazdi) is a well-known face from the 15th century, executed by the order of Shah Ismail in 1505. One could, therefore see, the contemporary historians of the time not motioning a proper report on the event because of his socio–political position, thus, the little information provided in their texts. This lack of information makes it difficult to describe Meybodi's personality. Based on Meybodi's letters, Monshaat, this article seeks to answer the following questions: who was Meybodi? And why was he executed? Although the answers have not always been narrated directly through the documents, yet, they have often had some seasonal references. This survey is based on Meybodi's letters (Monshaat), which is regarded as the best source for understanding his ideas and actions.

This article is a study of the background of Isfahan’s revolt, during Teymur’s invasion of the Mozafarid territory, in 1387, by reviewing the historiographical texts on this event. Considering the fact that Teymurid historians wrote their books for the objective of legitimizing the rulership, they merely emphasized special aspects of the event, leaving out others such as the role of social groups. It seems to be scattered writings of researchers which have brought up the issue of re-examining these texts as well as the lack of critical methods, dominated exaggeration, reduction and prejudice. Certainly the lost aspect of this event could be reconstructed only by applying critical methods and designing questions about the situation of these narrations. Therefore, this article, based on a critical method, endeavors to reconstruct the ultimate events of 1387.