فصلنامه رهبری و مدیریت آموزشی
سال دوم شماره 4 (زمستان 1387)

The purpose of this research is to present an appropriate conceptual framework for training effective managers in Iran''s cooperative sector with emphasis on education، research and expansion. A descriptive method - exploratory type - was selected for this research. All managers of cooperative section including upper managers (at ministry level)، middle managers (cooperative chambers and syndicates) and executive managers (directing managers of cooperatives) formed the population for the research. A sample of 200 managers then were selected through stratified random sampling. After reviewing the literature، a questionnaire composed of 6 related components namely participative management، human resources development، empowerment، ICT، organizational learning and entrepreneurship was designed to collect data. The gap between the status quo and the desirable condition was determined through the managers'' viewpoint. Priority of components was identified by factor analysis. Relying on the findings of the research، the conceptual framework was designed and proposed.

The aim of this study was to develop a meta-cognition based management model for primary schools. First, through reviewing related literature 89 components was extracted. To verify the initial components, a questionnaire was administered between 40 education experts. The analysis of the gathered data resulted in a framework composed of 3 dimensions (forethought, performance, and self-reflection), 6 major components (task analysis, self-motivation and building self- confidence, self-controlling, self-observation, self-judgment, and self-reaction), 19 sub-components (goal setting, strategic planning, self-efficacy evaluation, predicting expected performance, understanding the value of outcomes, following expected goals & outcomes, self-instruction, attention control in performance, applying mentality, time management, task strategies, welcoming other's help, environment exploiting, internal supervision, recording events, self-evaluation, attributing a causal relations between outcomes and goals, self-adaptation, self-satisfaction) and 89 indicators. In order to evaluate principal's performance, a questionnaire was developed based on the initial framework. It was administered to a sample consisted of 314 randomly selected principals of Tehran primary schools. The results of this study revealed that the principal's meta-cognitive behaviors were moderate. Factor analysis and path analysis were also used to analyze the data and to develop the model. The ultimate model composed of 4 dimensions (forethought, performance, self-reflection, and self-efficacy) and 6 main components (task analysis, self-motivation and self- confidence, self-controlling, self-observation, self-judgment, and self-reaction) was developed and approved.

The purpose of this study was to examine and to compare indicators of team activities among the University departments. The study used the survey method for data collection. The population for this study was taken total faculty memberships in Islamic Azad University Garmsar branch. The randomly selected sample consisted of 41 faculty members. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The study used mean, standard deviation, T-test and ANOVA to analyze the data. The results showed that: 1) team activities among the departments were low. 2) No significant difference between department team activities were found.

The purpose of the research was to investigate the psychological, social and philosophical foundations of the curriculum in communications and Information technology (ICT). The study used a descriptive research method. The statistical population include all students, teachers and specialists of secondary course of Tehran in 2008-2009. A number of 120 students, 120 teachers and 60 specialists of ICT were selected using multi-stage sampling method. To analyze data, descriptive statistics (frequency, percent, average) and deductive statistics (Friedman Test) were used. Results of the research were as following: 1- There is a meaningful difference between student's views with teachers and specialists related to philosophical foundations. 2- There is not a meaningful difference between student's views with teachers and specialists related to social foundations. 3-There is not a meaningful differences between teacher's views with specialists related to psychological principles. In the field of philosophical foundations largest mean was allocated to active learner in learning process; in the field of social foundations largest mean was allocated to educating students for informational society and in field psychological foundations largest mean to variety methods in content.

In Both developed and developing countries, governments play a basic role in making policies, programs and instruments which support the development of micro, small and medium enterprises. One of the mechanisms employed to nurture small firms for more than two decades is business incubation. One of the mechanisms employed to nurture small firms for more than two decades is technology business incubation. The main purpose of this research was to establish influencing factors in Technology Business Incubator's effectiveness and their explanatory model. Therefore, among 56 Technology Business Incubators in Iran, 32 active incubators were selected and by stratified random sampling, 528 start-ups were chosen. The validity of research questionnaires was determined by expert consensus, item analysis and factor analysis; and their reliability calculated by Cronbach’s alpha. Data analysis was then made through SPSS and LISREL. Both organizational procedures and entrepreneurial behaviors were the meaningful mediators. Organizational procedures with (P <. 01, β =0.45) was stronger mediator for the improvement of Technology Business Incubator's effectiveness comparing to entrepreneurial behavior with (P <. 01, β =0.36).

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the art curriculum at middle schools based on discipline approach. The present research is regarded as an applied research in which quasi-experimental method was applied to test the hypothesis. The intended population for the study was consisted of all the students at middle schools in Tonekabon in 1386-1387. Therefore, two groups of students were selected randomly, so that one as an experiment group and the other one as a control group were introduced. To gather the data, we used "Tantez" test in the form of pre-test and post-test. The students showed the level of artistic education in the field of art production, art criticism, art history, and aesthetics by taking 55 five-choice tests. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics (t-independent test) were used. The results showed that there was art production at art curriculum of middle school. But there arent art criticism, art history, and aesthetics at art curriculum of middle school.

The purpose of this research was to study the professional competencies of the primary school teachers. From literature review and previous research, a questionnaire with 9 principal components and 98 sub-components was designed. The questionnaire was validated by the experts and its reliability was estimated by Cranach’s Alpha coefficient, which was 0.96. The statistical population of the research was 3951 primary school teachers in Isfahan, from which 310 persons were selected, on the basis of relative random sampling. Descriptive and inferential statistics (dependent t test, factor analysis) were used to analyze the data. After factor analysis, the Components were divided into 13 categories, renaming of which was done with regard to sub-components. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the present situation and teacher's favorable competencies. In all components, there were significant differences. Teacher's competencies in components like technology, life-long learning, professional, performance, intellectual and teaching was less than average.

One of the indices on which countries are scientifically ranked and judged as a criterion for development is the academic environment and its role in the production of knowledge and documentation of scientific findings. Research is considered as the most important movement in an academic environment. It is worthwhile to note that research can not only open new horizons in various disciplines of human knowledge but also play a significant role in obviating the problems and deprivation of the society. This is one of the major responsibilities of higher education centers. Research is the cornerstone of the increase in productivity. The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between organizational climate and productivity in Islamic Azad University (IAU). The population included all the executive managers (one manager and 3 employees in each section) in all the branches of IAU in zones 8 and 12 of Islamic Azad University. Samples were 200 managers who were randomly selected. The instruments for data collection in this research were a 50 item Litwin & Stringer's Questionnaire and Smith and Colleague's Productivity Questionnaire. The results of a multivariate linear regression and variance analysis indicated that lofty organizational climate in IAU has different aspects of structure, warmth, reward, and standard which affect the productivity of the managers in research departments.